[Intraocular metastatic renal carcinoma presenting as progressive unilateral blindness]. / Carcinoma renal metastásico intraocular. Ceguera unilateral progresiva como forma de presentación.

Clear cell renal carcinoma is the most common histological type, representing 70-80% of all renal carcinomas. Metastases are already present in about 25-30% of patients at the time of diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma. Ocular metastasis is extremely rare.

Carcinoma renal metastásico intraocular. Ceguera unilateral progresiva como forma de presentación / Intraocular metastatic renal carcinoma presenting as progressive unilateral blindness

El carcinoma renal de células claras es el tipo histológico más frecuente (70-80%) 1. En el momento del diagnóstico de un carcinoma de células renales (CCR), las metástasis están presentes en aproximadamente un 25-30% de los pacientes. La localización ocular es extremadamente rara (AU)

Clear cell renal carcinoma is the most common histological type, representing 70-80% of all renal carcinomas 1. Metastases are already present in about 25-30% of patients at the time of diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma. Ocular metastasis is extremely rare (AU)

[Giant stone in a Bricker urinary diversion. Obstruction uropathy as the presenting form]. / Litiasis gigante en derivación urinaria tipo Bricker. Uropatía obstructiva como forma de presentación.

Bowel is used in urological surgery to replace the bladder, either as a conduit to drain urine to the abdominal wall as a urinary stoma or refashioned to form a substitute bladder. Many factors contribute to stone formation, being urinary stasis, mucus production and bacteriuria the most important. Metabolic changes induced by exposure of segments of the alimentary tract to urine promote struvite, calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate stone formation. Generally, the majority of patients with stones in a urinary diversion can be treated with minimally invasive techniques. Open surgical removal is considered when other modality of treatments cannot be accomplished safely and expeditiously.

Litiasis gigante en derivación urinaria tipo bricker. Uropatía obstructiva como forma de presentación / Giant stone in bricker urinary diversion presenting as obstructive uropathy

El intestino es usado en cirugía urológica para sustituir la vejiga a modo de un conducto que drene orina a la pared abdominal o remodelado para formar una vejiga de sustitución o ampliación. Muchos factores contribuyen a la formación de litiasis siendo los más importantes el éstasis urinario, producción de moco y la bacteriuria. Las alteraciones metabólicas inducidas por la exposición de segmentos intestinales en el tracto urinario promueve la formación de cálculos de estruvita, oxalato cálcico y fosfato cálcico. Generalmente, la mayoría de pacientes con litiasis en derivaciones urinarias, pueden ser tratados con técnicas mínimamente invasivas. La extracción mediante cirugía abierta es considerada cuando otras modalidades de tratamiento no pueden ser efectuadas de forma segura y expeditiva (AU)

Bowel is used in urological surgery to replace the bladder, either as a conduit to drain urine to the abdominal wall as a urinary stoma or refashioned to form a substitute bladder. Many factors contribute to stone formation, being urinary stasis, mucus production and bacteriuria the most important. Metabolic changes induced by exposure of segments of the alimentary tract to urine promote struvite, calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate stone formation. Generally, the majority of patients with stones in a urinary diversion can be treated with minimally invasive techniques. Open surgical removal is considered when other modality of treatments cannot be accomplished safely and expediously (AU)

Caliceal fistula formation following renal transplantation: management with partial nephrectomy and ureteral replacement.

Six patients in this series of 543 renal transplants (1.10%) suffered a post-transplant renal segmental infarct of the donor kidney because of occlusion of an accessory renal artery. Five grafted kidneys had multiple renal arteries. Patients presented with symptoms of a caliceal fistula and were treated by partial (25 to 40%) transplant nephrectomy, followed by closure and tissue coverage with either parietal peritoneum (4 patients) or lyophilized human dura mater sealed with fibrin (2). In 2 cases the renal ischemia and necrosis involved the ureter, and a pyelo-pyelostomy was performed. One patient died of cardiorespiratory complications immediately postoperatively. Five years postoperatively all kidneys functioned well without recurrence of fistula and 5 patients returned to a normal life-style. The combination of radical excision and tissue closure, plus ureteral substitution when needed was an effective treatment that prevented loss of the graft.