Trabajo en equipo y negociación con la familia en Pediatría / Teamwork and negotiation with family in pediatrics

OBJETIVO: Analizar el proceso de negociación e interacción en la práctica enfermera con las madres de los niños hospitalizados en Pediatría desde la perspectiva del trabajo en equipo. MÉTODO: Estudio cualitativo, basado en la teoría fundamentada y tomando como referencia el interaccionismo simbólico. Participaron en el estudio 12 enfermeras de la unidad pediátrica y 18 madres cuyos hijos se encontraban hospitalizados en dicha unidad. El número de participantes fue definido con respecto al criterio de la saturación de los datos. Para la recogida de datos se utilizó la observación participante y la entrevista semiestructurada, y posteriormente se analizaron mediante el programa NVivo8. RESULTADOS: Del análisis efectuado emergió la categoría central, «debilidades en el proceso de negociación», en las interacciones que las enfermeras establecen con las madres. Las enfermeras revelaron dificultades en la comunicación; no contemplaron la necesaria clarificación de los roles junto a las madres para su participación en el proceso de cuidados y fue evidente un desequilibrio de poder en las relaciones que establecían con ellas. CONCLUSIONES: En el contexto estudiado, se observaron importantes carencias en el desarrollo del trabajo colaborativo con las madres de los niños hospitalizados. Las debilidades en el proceso de negociación, en particular, las dificultades en la comunicación, la falta de clarificación de los roles y tareas que cada uno debe asumir así como el desequilibrio de poder percibido en las relaciones obstaculizan el compromiso de las madres en el proceso de atención del niño, lo cual es esencial para conseguir una mayor implicación, unos mejores resultados en términos de salud y un menor impacto de la hospitalización en el niño

OBJECTIVE: Analyze the negotiation and interaction process within nurses' practice with mothers of hospitalized children in pediatric unit from the teamwork perspective. Method: A qualitative approach was used in this study, based on the Grounded Theory from the symbolic interaction perspective. The study included 12 nurses of the pediatric unit and 18 mothers who stayed in the hospital with their hospitalized children. The number of participants was defined according to data saturation. Participant observation and semi-structured interviews were chosen as data collection techniques and it was analyzed using the program NVivo8. RESULTS: From the analysis performed, the central category identified was «weaknesses in the negotiation process», within the interactions between nurses and mothers. Nurses revealed difficulties in the communication process, they did not include roles definition with mothers in order to establish their participation in the care process and a power imbalance was also evidenced. CONCLUSIONS: Within the studied settings, an important lack of collaborative work with hospitalized children's mothers was observed. The weaknesses in the negotiation process and specifically the difficulties found in communication; the lack of roles and tasks clarification and the perceived power imbalance regarding relationships, prevent mothers involvement in their children care process, considered a basic component to achieve a greater mother implication, better results in terms of health and a lower impact of hospitalization in the children

[Teamwork and negotiation with family in pediatrics]. / Trabajo en equipo y negociación con la familia en Pediatría.

OBJECTIVE: Analyze the negotiation and interaction process within nurses' practice with mothers of hospitalized children in pediatric unit from the teamwork perspective. METHOD: A qualitative approach was used in this study, based on the Grounded Theory from the symbolic interaction perspective. The study included 12 nurses of the pediatric unit and 18 mothers who stayed in the hospital with their hospitalized children. The number of participants was defined according to data saturation. Participant observation and semi-structured interviews were chosen as data collection techniques and it was analyzed using the program NVivo8. RESULTS: From the analysis performed, the central category identified was «weaknesses in the negotiation process¼, within the interactions between nurses and mothers. Nurses revealed difficulties in the communication process, they did not include roles definition with mothers in order to establish their participation in the care process and a power imbalance was also evidenced. CONCLUSION: Within the studied settings, an important lack of collaborative work with hospitalized children's mothers was observed. The weaknesses in the negotiation process and specifically the difficulties found in communication; the lack of roles and tasks clarification and the perceived power imbalance regarding relationships, prevent mothers involvement in their children care process, considered a basic component to achieve a greater mother implication, better results in terms of health and a lower impact of hospitalization in the children.