Post-operative Scar Comparison With Supraorbital Eyebrow and Upper Blepharoplasty Approach in the Management of Zygomaticomaxillary Complex Fractures.

Study Design: A prospective randomized comparative study was conducted to evaluate the postsurgical scar with Supraorbital Eyebrow (SE) Approach and Upper Blepharoplasty (UB) Approach used for open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures. Objective: To evaluate and compare the post-operative scar using Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) following ORIF of ZMC fractures with SE and UB approaches. Methods: In this study, 88 patients with ZMC fractures requiring ORIF and meeting the inclusion criteria were recruited between 2019 and 2020. Patients were randomly divided into SE and UB group, 44 patients in each. Clinical and radiological assessment was done preoperatively and post-operative scar evaluation was carried out at different intervals over a period of 6 months using VSS. A blinded observer rated the scar. Results: The results showed that after 6 months of surgery, all the 44 (100%) patients in UB group had a mild scar (VSS score 1-5), while in the SE group 34 (77.3%) patients had a mild scar (VSS score 1-5) and 10 (22.7%) had a moderate scar (VSS score 6-10). The difference between the 2 groups was statistically significant (P-value = .001). Conclusions: The UB approach has been established to be superior to SE approach in terms of post-operative scar as the results were statistically significant. This study can be used to advocate more frequent use of UB approach as compared to the previously popular SE approach for the management of ZMC fractures.

Osteoid Osteoma of Retromolar Trigone: Report of a Rare Case.

Osteoid osteoma is a rare benign bone lesion that is often confused with the osteoblastoma. The osteoid osteoma comprises of 3% of all the primary bone tumours usually found in the long bones and vertebrae with the facial skeleton being the most infrequent site. The lesion usually presents with the swelling and pain that resolves with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Here, we report a case of osteoid osteoma of retromolar trigone, the site which has not been reported in the literature, in a 50-year male patient with a complaint of hard swelling on retromolar trigone associated with the mild intermittent localised pain that aggravated at night and on mastication. Excision of the lesion was carried out with chisel and mallet under local anesthesia with uneventful recovery and no recurrence at the 6 months follow-up. Key Words: Benign, Osteoid osteoma, Retromolar trigone.

Prevalence Of Gustatory And Olfactory Impairment In Different Stages Of Sars-Cov-2 Infected Pateints In Isolation Ward.

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the prevalence of gustatory and olfactory impairment and its correlation with the severity of SARS-Cov-2 infection as per WHO guidelines. METHODS: A total of 241 patients of both gender having age from 15-80 years were included in the study. It was cross Sectional study conducted at SARS-COV-2 Isolation wards of Pakistan institute of medical science Islamabad from 15thSeptember 2020 to 15th January 2021. Convenient sampling technique was used to collect data. A proforma was designed for this purpose. Participants were divided into 3 groups on the basis of age. Group-1 (15-30 years), group-2 (31-50 years) and group 3 (51-80 years). Further the participants were graded into mild, moderate and severe stages of Sars-Cov-2 infection according to WHO guidelines. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS version 20. RESULTS: In this study 66% were male and 34% population were the female. Regarding the age groups 72% population were from the group-3. Results of study shows 47% in mild stage, 45% in moderate stage and 8% severe stage. The results regarding the Gustatory and Olfactory impairment showed that 126 had gustatory impairment while 130 patients had olfactory impairment. CONCLUSIONS: We found strong relationship of olfactory and gustatory changes associated with SARS-COV-2 patients. It is premature to conclude that taste and smell changes are strongly linked to SARS-COV-2 diagnosis. Further multi center researches are required to find out possible pathophysiological mechanism.

Management of Gunshot Injuries of Mandible with Open Reduction and Internal Fixation versus Closed Reduction and Maxillo-mandibular Fixation.

Background/objectives Gunshot injuries are known to cause severe morbidity and mortality when facial regions are involved. Management of the gunshot wounds of the face comprises of securing an airway, controlling hemorrhage, identifying other injuries and definite repair of the traumatic facial deformities. The objective of the present study was to compare the clinical outcome (infection and nonunion) of open reduction and internal fixation versus closed reduction and maxillo-mandibular fixation (CR-MMF) in the treatment of gunshot injuries of the mandible. Materials & methods This study was conducted at Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University/Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences Islamabad, Pakistan. Ninety gunshot mandibular fractures were randomly allocated in two equal groups. In group-A, 45 patients were treated by open reduction and internal fixation while in group-B, 45 patients were also managed by closed reduction and maxillo-mandibular fixation. Post-operative complications (infection, non-union) were evaluated clinically and radiographically in both groups. Results Patients treated by open reduction and internal fixation were having more complications in terms of infection (17.8%) as compared to closed reduction (4.4%) with a p-value 0.044. Whereas non-union was more in closed reduction (15.6%) as compared to open reduction and internal fixation group (2.2%) with a significant p-value 0.026. Conclusion Both the treatment modalities can be used in the management of gunshot injuries of mandible and there is need for further studies to have clear guideline in this regard in best interest of patients, community and health care providers.