Influencing factors associated with quality of life and depression among COVID-19 survivors during convalescence.

This study aims to investigate influencing factors of quality of life (QoL) and depression among COVID-19 survivors during convalescence. A cross-sectional study was conducted in November 2020 in Wuhan, China. Information on social support, physical activity, QoL and depressive symptoms were assessed using self-administered questionnaires. Multivariate linear regression and multivariate logistic regression were used to assess the risk factors of subdomains of QoL (physical component score (PCS) and mental component score (MCS)) and depression, respectively. A total of 151 COVID-19 survivors (68 males) aged 53.21 (SD: 12.70) years participated in the study. Multivariate linear regression showed that age (ß=-0.241), history of chronic disease (ß=-0.4.774), physical activity (ß = 2.47) and social support (ß = 0.147) were significantly associated with PCS, while having a spouse (ß = 9.571), monthly income (ß = 0.043) and social support (ß = 0.337) were significantly associated with MCS. Logistic regression suggested that participants aged 40-60 years (OR = 10.20, 95%CI: 1.41-73.82) or above 60 years (OR = 15.63, 95%CI: 1.87-131.00), with high school or above education (OR = 5.81, 95%CI: 1.24-27.20), with low/moderate physical activity (low, OR = 2.97, 95%CI: 1.14-7.77; moderate, OR = 3.42, 95%CI: 1.07-10.91) and low/medium social support (low, OR = 4.81, 95% CI: 2.02-11.43; medium, OR = 9.70, 95%CI: 1.17-80.10) were more likely to be depressed, while higher monthly income (≥3000 Yuan RMB/month) was associated with lower risk for depression (OR = 0.27, 95%CI: 0.09-0.82). These findings indicate COVID-19 survivors with older age, having chronic conditions, without a spouse, low monthly income, low level of physical activity and social support had significantly increased risks for poor QoL and depression, and more attention should be given to this population.

The mediating effects of social support on the association between depression and life satisfaction among patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.

Patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorders in community had poor psychosocial functioning, social support, and life satisfaction. However, the interaction effects of social support and depression on life satisfaction remains unclear. Thus, we examined these associations among patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. This cross-sectional study was conducted from October to December 2020 in Shenzhen, China. Information on social support, depression, and life satisfaction was assessed by standardized questionnaires through a face-to-face interview. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was performed to estimate the associations of social support and depression with life satisfaction and to explore the mediation effect of social support. A total of 293 patients aged 39.7 ±â€…11.1 years (males: 47.1 %) were included in this study. Social support was positively associated with high life satisfaction (explaining 7.2% of the variance), while depression was negatively associated with life satisfaction (explaining 17.8% of the variance). Furthermore, social support mediated 12.5% of the association between depression and life satisfaction. Social support and depression were significantly associated with life satisfaction in patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorders. Moreover, social support mediated the association between depression and life satisfaction in this population. Health interventions that benefit social support should be promoted to alleviate the negative impact of depression on their life satisfaction.

Effects of intermittent fasting on cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with metabolic syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Evidence showed that intermittent fasting may have beneficial effects on metabolic syndrome. However, the results are controversial and indefinite. This study intends to investigate and assess the effects of intermittent fasting (IF) on cardiometabolic risk factors in patients with metabolic syndrome. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases up to July 31, 2022. Primary outcomes included body mass index, fat mass, fat free mass, body weight, blood pressure, the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (IR), fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, and lipid profiles. RESULTS: Of 4997 retrieved records, 6 met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis showed that IF can significantly reduce BMI (mean difference=-1.56 kg/m2, 95% CI: -2.62 to -0.51), fat mass (mean difference=-1.35%, 95% CI: -2.03 to -0.67), fat free mass (mean difference=-0.63%, 95% CI: -1.22 to -0.04), body weight (mean difference=-2.49 kg, 95% CI: -3.11 to -1.88), waist circumference (mean difference=-3.06 cm, 95% CI: -4.21 to -1.92), and HOMA-IR (mean difference=-0.62, 95% CI: -0.84 to -0.40) compared with non-fasting. However, no statistical difference was found in the SBP, DBP, TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, fasting blood glucose, and fasting insulin comparing fasting and non-fasting group. Subgroup analyses suggested that study duration and sample size may be the source of heterogeneity for LDL-C. Sensitivity analysis indicated that our results are reliable and robust. CONCLUSIONS: IF could be used for patients with metabolic syndrome. Further studies with a larger sample size are needed to verify the effectiveness and safety of IF in patients with metabolic syndrome.

Body mass index and the risk of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt among youth in 45 low-and middle-income countries.

BACKGROUND: Suicide has become a severe public health issue worldwide. Body weight has been put forward as a potentially modifiable element for suicide thought and behavior. However, there are discrepancies across previous studies. Furthermore, the relationships of body weight with suicidal ideation and suicide attempt among low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) remain unclear. Therefore, we addressed this issue among 104,907 adolescents of 12-15 years old in 45 LMICs. METHODS: The present study used data from the Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS). Suicidal ideation and suicide attempt during the last year were self-reported. Participants were classified intro underweight, normal weight, overweight and obesity according to their body mass index classification. Multivariable logistic regression and meta-analyses based on country-wise estimates were conducted. RESULTS: The prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt were 11.8% and 13.0%, respectively. Countrywide meta-analysis demonstrated that overweight and obesity were significantly associated with increased risks of suicidal ideation (For overweight: OR = 1.10; 95% CI = 1.01-1.20; for obesity: OR=1.17; 95%CI: 1.01-1.35) and suicide attempt (For overweight: OR = 1.12; 95% CI = 1.02-1.23; for obesity: OR=1.12; 95%CI: 1.00-1.25). Subgroup analyses showed that the associations between overweight/obesity and suicide attempt were significant for girls but not for boys. LIMITATIONS: The cross-sectional design cannot explore causality; mental health factors were not assessed; suicidal behaviors were self-reported; significant heterogeneity across countries; only students attending school were included. CONCLUSIONS: Overweight/obesity was significantly associated with the risk of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt among adolescents in LMICs.