Spontaneous bilateral intraorbital hematoma: A particular form of sickle cell disease complications in children.

Spontaneous bilateral intraorbital hematoma is a rare complication of sickle cell disease in children. Imaging examinations are of paramount importance in the diagnosis and conditioning of the management processes in order to avoid complications that can compromise the visual function prognosis.

[Bilateral orbital myeloid sarcoma: the circumstance of the discovery of acute myeloid leukemia (a case report)]. / Sarcome myéloïde orbitaire bilatérale: circonstance de découverte d´une leucémie aiguë myéloïde (à propos d´un cas).

Myeloid sarcoma is a rare ocular manifestation of acute myeloid leukemia. Bilateral manifestation preceding any clinical signs of leukemia is even rarer. We here report the case of a 16-month-old patient with rapidly progressive, inflammatory, acute bilateral exophthalmos associated with exposure keratitis. Computed tomography (CT) scan of the orbit and of the brain showed bilateral tissue-like infiltration into the orbital cavity. Blood tests showed biologic inflammatory syndrome, bicytopenia and circulating blasts 83%. Myelogram was performed based on the presence of circulating blasts; it showed acute myeloid leukemia (grade 4). Clinicians should suspect myeloid sarcoma in patients with bilateral exophthalmos and conduct a careful interpretation of blood test results.