RESUMO
Graphyne and Graphdiyne Nanoribbons reveal significant prospective with diverse applications. In electronics, they propose unique electronic properties for high-performance nanoscale devices, while in catalysis, their excellent surface area and reactivity sort them valuable catalyst supports for numerous chemical reactions, contributing to progresses in sustainable energy and environmental remediation. The topological indices (TIs) are numerical invariants that provide important information about the molecular topology of a given molecular graph. These indices are essential in QSAR/QSPR analysis and play a significant role in predicting various physico-chemical characteristics. In this article, we present a formula for computing reduced reverse (RR) degree-based topological indices for graphyne and graphdiyne nanoribbons, including the RR Zagreb indices, RR hyper-Zagreb indices, RR forgotten index, RR atom bond connectivity index, and RR Geometric-arithmetic index. We also execute a graph-theoretical analysis and comparison to demonstrate the critical significance and validate the acquired results. Our findings provide insights into the structural and chemical properties of these nanoribbons and contribute to the development of new materials for various applications.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The therapeutic value of Eugenia jambolana, commonly known as 'Jamun' in Hindi, has been recognized in different system of traditional medicine for the treatment of various conditions. Its seeds are used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus and hyperlipedemia by reducing the lipid levels in the body; this action is presumed to be due to blocking the action of enzyme 3-hydroxyl methyl glutaryl (HMG-CoA reductase in the liver. Herbal drugs are getting into use with the notion that these are relatively harmless; the practice has shown that many of them also have toxic effects. Since hardly any work is available on the toxic aspect of Eugenia Jamblana, the present study was planed to see the effect-of ethanolic extract of Eugenia Jamblana on liver using albino rats as an experimental model. METHODS: The animals were divided into three groups A, B and C. Group A served as a control and received only distilled water comparable to the experimental animals calculated according to their body weight, where as B and C served as experimental groups. 100 and 200 mg of ethanolic extract of Eugenia Jamblana was dissolved in one ml of distilled water each and was given orally for 30 days/kg body weight. RESULTS: liver enzyme ALT and gamma GT were significantly raised when compared to the control group, p-value being < 0.05. Histological studies showed ballooning degeneration of hepatocytes, focal areas of hepatocytes necrosis with lymphocytic infiltration, providing supportive evidence for biochemical findings indicative of functional derangement. The effect of the extract was not dose dependent. Statistical analysis using ANOVA and chi-square showed statistically significant difference when the values from experimental animals were compared with those from the control, indicating that the ethanolic extract of Eugenia Jamblana seed possesses hepatotoxic effect. CONCLUSION: The ethanolic extract of Eugenia jambolana seed extract is toxic to liver as evident by derangement in liver enzyme levels and disturbed liver histology.
