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1.
HIV Med ; 23(2): 146-158, 2022 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34605153

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to assess the feasibility of a national pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) programme using smartphone-compatible data collection. METHODS: This was a multicentre cohort study (NCT03893188) enrolling individuals interested in PrEP in Switzerland. All centres participate in the SwissPrEPared programme, which uses smartphone-compatible data collection. Feasibility was assessed after centres had enrolled at least one participant. Participants were HIV-negative individuals presenting for PrEP counselling. Outcomes were participation (number enrolled/number eligible), enrolment rates (number enrolled per month), retention at first follow-up (number with first follow-up/number enrolled), and uptake (proportion attending first visit as scheduled). Participant characteristics were compared between those retained after baseline assessment and those who dropped out. RESULTS: Between April 2019 and January 2020, 987 individuals were assessed for eligibility, of whom 969 were enrolled (participation: 98.2%). The median enrolment rate was 86 per month [interquartile range (IQR) 52-137]. Retention at first follow-up and uptake were both 80.7% (782/969 and 532/659, respectively). At enrolment, the median age was 40 (IQR 33-47) years, 95% were men who have sex with men, 47% had a university degree, and 75.5% were already taking PrEP. Most reported multiple casual partners (89.2%), previous sexually transmitted infections (74%) and sexualized drug use (73.1%). At baseline, 25.5% tested positive for either syphilis, gonorrhoea or chlamydia. Participants who dropped out were at lower risk of HIV infection than those retained after baseline assessment. CONCLUSIONS: In a national PrEP programme using smartphone-compatible data collection, participation, retention and uptake were high. Participants retained after baseline assessment were at considerable risk of HIV infection. Younger, less educated individuals were underrepresented in the SwissPrEPared cohort.


Assuntos
Fármacos Anti-HIV , Infecções por HIV , Profilaxia Pré-Exposição , Minorias Sexuais e de Gênero , Adulto , Fármacos Anti-HIV/uso terapêutico , Estudos de Coortes , Coleta de Dados , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Infecções por HIV/prevenção & controle , Homossexualidade Masculina , Humanos , Masculino , Smartphone
2.
HIV Med ; 19(5): 339-346, 2018 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29336516

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: Women with HIV infection are mainly of reproductive age and need safe, effective and affordable contraception to avoid unintended pregnancies. The aim of this study was to evaluate contraceptive use and unintended pregnancies in this population in Switzerland. METHODS: A self-report anonymous questionnaire on contraceptive methods, adherence to them, and unintended pregnancies was completed by women included in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS) between November 2013 and June 2014. Sociodemographic characteristics and information related to combined antiretroviral therapy and HIV disease status were obtained from the SHCS database. RESULTS: Of 462 women included, 164 (35.5%) reported not using any contraception. Among these, 65 (39.6%) reported being sexually active, although 29 (44.6%) were not planning a pregnancy. Of 298 women using contraception, the following methods were reported: condoms, 219 (73.5%); oral hormonal contraception, 32 (10.7%); and intrauterine devices, 28 (9.4%). Among all women on contraception, 32 (10.7%) reported using more than one contraceptive method and 48 (16%) had an unintended pregnancy while on contraception (18, condoms; 16, oral contraception; four, other methods). Of these, 68.1% terminated the pregnancy and almost half (43.7%) continued using the same contraceptive method after the event. CONCLUSIONS: Family planning needs in HIV-positive women are not fully addressed because male condoms remained the predominant reported contraceptive method, with a high rate of unintended pregnancies. It is of utmost importance to provide effective contraception such as long-acting reversible contraceptives for women living with HIV.


Assuntos
Anticoncepcionais/uso terapêutico , Uso de Medicamentos/estatística & dados numéricos , Infecções por HIV , Pesquisa sobre Serviços de Saúde , Gravidez não Planejada , Adolescente , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Serviços de Planejamento Familiar/métodos , Serviços de Planejamento Familiar/organização & administração , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gravidez , Inquéritos e Questionários , Suíça , Adulto Jovem
3.
Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) ; 67(7): 425-30, 2010 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20506243

RESUMO

Cilia are necessary for normal tissue development and homeostasis and are generally present during interphase, but not in mitosis. The precise mechanism of premitotic ciliary loss has been controversial, with data supporting either sequential disassembly through the transition zone or, alternatively, a severing event at the base of the cilia. Here we show by live cell imaging and immunofluorescence microscopy that resorbing flagella of Chlamydomonas leave remnants associated with the mother cell wall. We postulated that the remnants are the product of severing of doublet microtubules between the basal bodies and the flagellar transition zone, thereby freeing the centrioles to participate in spindle organization. We show via TEM that flagellar remnants are indeed flagellar transition zones encased in vesicles derived from the flagellar membrane. This transition zone vesicle can be lodged within the cell wall or it can be expelled into the environment. This process is observable in Chlamydomonas, first because the released flagellar remnants can remain associated with the cell by virtue of attachments to the cell wall, and second because the Chlamydomonas transition zone is particularly rich with electron-dense structure. However, release of basal bodies for spindle-associated function is likely to be conserved among the eukaryotes.


Assuntos
Centríolos/metabolismo , Chlamydomonas/citologia , Chlamydomonas/metabolismo , Cílios/metabolismo , Mitose , Sobrevivência Celular , Centríolos/ultraestrutura , Chlamydomonas/ultraestrutura , Cílios/ultraestrutura , Flagelos/ultraestrutura , Imunofluorescência
4.
Mol Biol Cell ; 20(1): 379-88, 2009 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19005222

RESUMO

Katanin is a microtubule-severing protein that participates in the regulation of cell cycle progression and in ciliary disassembly, but its precise role is not known for either activity. Our data suggest that in Chlamydomonas, katanin severs doublet microtubules at the proximal end of the flagellar transition zone, allowing disengagement of the basal body from the flagellum before mitosis. Using an RNA interference approach we have discovered that severe knockdown of the p60 subunit of katanin, KAT1, is achieved only in cells that also carry secondary mutations that disrupt ciliogenesis. Importantly, we observed that cells in the process of cell cycle-induced flagellar resorption sever the flagella from the basal bodies before resorption is complete, and we find that this process is defective in KAT1 knockdown cells.


Assuntos
Adenosina Trifosfatases/metabolismo , Chlamydomonas reinhardtii , Cílios/metabolismo , Microtúbulos/metabolismo , Mitose/fisiologia , Proteínas de Protozoários/metabolismo , Adenosina Trifosfatases/genética , Animais , Chlamydomonas reinhardtii/citologia , Chlamydomonas reinhardtii/metabolismo , Cílios/ultraestrutura , Técnicas de Silenciamento de Genes , Katanina , Microtúbulos/ultraestrutura , Proteínas de Protozoários/genética , Interferência de RNA
5.
Mol Biol Cell ; 15(11): 5172-86, 2004 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15371535

RESUMO

Polycystic kidney disease and related syndromes involve dysregulation of cell proliferation in conjunction with ciliary defects. The relationship between cilia and cell cycle is enigmatic, but it may involve regulation by the NIMA-family of kinases (Neks). We previously showed that the Nek Fa2p is important for ciliary function and cell cycle in Chlamydomonas. We now show that Fa2p localizes to an important regulatory site at the proximal end of cilia in both Chlamydomonas and a mouse kidney cell line. Fa2p also is associated with the proximal end of centrioles. Its localization is dynamic during the cell cycle, following a similar pattern in both cell types. The cell cycle function of Fa2p is kinase independent, whereas its ciliary function is kinase dependent. Mice with mutations in Nek1 or Nek8 have cystic kidneys; therefore, our discovery that a member of this phylogenetic group of Nek proteins is localized to the same sites in Chlamydomonas and kidney epithelial cells suggests that Neks play conserved roles in the coordination of cilia and cell cycle progression.


Assuntos
Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/fisiologia , Chlamydomonas/metabolismo , Cílios/metabolismo , Rim/metabolismo , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinases/biossíntese , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinases/fisiologia , Animais , Ciclo Celular , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/química , Linhagem Celular , Centríolos/metabolismo , Centríolos/ultraestrutura , DNA Complementar/metabolismo , Epitopos/química , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo , Proteínas de Fluorescência Verde/metabolismo , Immunoblotting , Rim/patologia , Camundongos , Mitose , Mutação , Quinase 1 Relacionada a NIMA , Quinases Relacionadas a NIMA , Proteínas Quinases/metabolismo , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinases/química , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinases/metabolismo , Estrutura Terciária de Proteína , Proteínas Tirosina Quinases/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais , Frações Subcelulares/metabolismo , Fatores de Tempo
6.
Heart Lung ; 19(1): 72-8, 1990 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2298595

RESUMO

Using the Norris and Grove (1986) questionnaire of perceived needs of families of critically ill patients, 11 registered nurses working in the neonatal intensive care unit and 19 registered nurses working in the intensive care unit of two mid-northern community hospitals provided their perceptions of family needs. Their responses were compared with responses of family members of patients in the intensive care unit (n = 25) and the (n = 24). Results suggest that regardless of unit, registered nurses' perceptions of family needs are congruent. Family members collectively and by unit ranked their needs consistently higher and in some areas differently than did the registered nurses.


Assuntos
Cuidados Críticos/psicologia , Família/psicologia , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem Hospitalar/psicologia , Percepção Social , Adulto , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Enfermagem Pediátrica
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