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1.
Rev Med Liege ; 74(1): 28-35, 2019 Jan.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30680971

RESUMO

The use of the emergency department (ED) by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adults undergoes an evolution following the introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Improving our knowledge about ED use characteristics will contribute to a correct diagnosis and therapeutic approach in this patient group, at the moment they are discharged from the ED. We conducted a one-year retrospective study on characteristics of ED use involving 1026 patients living with HIV. The majority of them was treated with antiretroviral therapy (95 %) and had a viral load lower than 50 copies (73.6 %). Among them, 117 patients (11.8 %) were admitted at least once to the ED. The most common ED discharge diagnoses were related to trauma (30 %). This study shows that the great majority of diagnoses were not related to infectious diseases (6.3 %, of which half were HIV-related). One hypothesis to explain these results would be that HIV-positive adults in this study had excellent antiretroviral coverage and were well controlled in terms of HIV.


L'utilisation du département des urgences (DU) par les adultes infectés par le virus de l'immunodéficience humaine (VIH) évolue suite à l'instauration des traitements antirétroviraux (TAR). Nous avons besoin d'améliorer nos connaissances à ce sujet et d'en savoir plus sur le diagnostic de ces patients lorsqu'ils quittent le service d'urgence. Nous avons réalisé une étude rétrospective sur une durée d'un an et qui s'intéresse aux caractéristiques de l'utilisation du DU par 1.026 patients vivant avec le VIH. La majorité d'entre eux était sous traitement anti-rétroviral (95 %) et avait une charge virale inférieure à 50 copies (73,6 %). Parmi eux, 117 (11,8 %) se sont présentés au moins une fois au DU. Les principaux motifs d'admission étaient d'ordre traumatologique (30 %). Cette étude montre que la grande majorité des motifs d'admission au DU des patients vivant avec le VIH n'était pas en rapport avec des pathologies infectieuses (seulement 6,3 %, dont la moitié directement liées au VIH). Une hypothèse pour expliquer ces résultats serait que les patients étudiés bénéficiaient d'une excellente couverture anti-rétrovirale et étaient bien contrôlés en termes de VIH.


Assuntos
Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Bélgica/epidemiologia , Doenças do Sistema Digestório/epidemiologia , Feminino , Hospitais Universitários , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Admissão do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Carga Viral , Ferimentos e Lesões/epidemiologia
2.
Rev Med Liege ; 68(1): 25-31, 2013 Jan.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23444825

RESUMO

Besides its role in bone metabolism, vitamin D shows properties on autoimmune, oncological, cardiovascular, metabolic, or infectious diseases. In this article, we talk about interpellant relationships between vitamin D and HIV. This hormone plays an important role in HIV infection, as much at a skeletal level than in the course of the disease itself. First, we notice that a low vitamin D status is currently associated with HIV infection. Moreover, it is now known that low rate of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in HIV patients is associated with advanced clinical HIV infection and increased mortality. Thus, vitamin D deficiency has to be considered as an important factor in HIV progression. Indeed, vitamin D increases macrophage activity, in some way through autophagy, and this process can inhibit HIV-1 infection. Then we consider the implications of antiretroviral therapies on vitamin D metabolism. We finally evaluate the benefits of a vitamin D supplementation in HIV + patients.


Assuntos
Infecções por HIV/etiologia , Vitamina D/fisiologia , Fármacos Anti-HIV/administração & dosagem , Antirretrovirais/administração & dosagem , Suplementos Nutricionais , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Infecções por HIV/metabolismo , Humanos , Vitamina D/administração & dosagem , Vitamina D/metabolismo , Vitamina D/farmacologia , Deficiência de Vitamina D/complicações , Deficiência de Vitamina D/epidemiologia
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