[Vaccines, immunoglobulins, and test systems for the prevention and diagnosis of tick-borne encephalitis].

The quality of drugs used in the Russian Federation to prevent and diagnose tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) was analyzed. The TBE vaccines made in Russian were shown to be as effective as those manufactured in foreign countries and to have the similar production techniques and quality indices therefore they may be interchangeable in the population's vaccination. The specific activity of has recently increased in terms of the content of TBE virus antibodies. In Russia, a wide range of enzyme immunoassay systems have been designed and manufactured for the detection of human serum (plasma) IgM and IgG antibodies to TVE virus and for that of TBE viral antigen in the biological objects, primarily in the ticks.

[Immune response in vaccinated and non-vaccinated mice infected with tick-borne encephalitis virus].

The paper deals with an investigation of an immune response in BALB/c mice immunized with tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) vaccine and infected with TBE virus and in non-immunized mice. The parameters of specific humoral (IgG and IgM) and cellular (gamma-interferon (IFN) and cell proliferation) immunities and the activity of cytokines (necrosis tumor factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-12) were studied. There were significant differences in the specific and nonspecific immune response of immunized and non-immunized animals. Noteworthy is the difference in the time course of changes in the levels of IL-6, IL-2, IL-12, and gamma-IFN in the immunized and non-immunized animals.

[Adaptation of different modifications of enzyme immunoassay and immune blot assay to assess the candidate vaccine HIVREPOL against HIV/AIDS].

A preclinical trial of the vaccine HIVREPOL provided a complex of methods for assessing the identity and specific activity of vaccines against HIVIAIDS. The identity of "HIVREPOL" has been assessed by indirect enzyme immunoassay (EIA): the vaccine specifically binds the antibodies of the sera from HIV-infected individuals. Immune blot assay was the most informative method for assessing the identity of the candidate vaccine. The sera from HIVREPOL-vaccinated mice recognized the proteins gp41, p24, p55 of cultured HIV1 on "New-Lay-Blot1" strips. The bands corresponding to p24 were revealed in the line blots "Blot-HIV-1/2+O" and "INNO-LIA-HIV-Confirmation". The specific activity of the HIVREPOL vaccine was confirmed from the reactivity of sera of the mice vaccinated with recombinant proteins of the immunosorbents available in EIA test systems for the detection of HIV antibodies. Competitive EIA established the antigen-binding activity of sera from HIVREPOL-vaccinated mice against the native reference HIV-1 antigen.

[A cultured concentrated inactivated vaccine against tick-borne encephalitis studied during the immunization of children and adolescents]. / Izuchenie kul'tural'noi kontsentrirovannoi inaktivirovannoi vaktsiny protiv kleshchevogo éntsefalita pri immunizatsii detei i podrostkov.

The word deals with the results obtained in the study of the reactogenicity and immunological activity of concentrated and inactivated tissue-culture tick-borne encephalitis vaccine, manufactured by the Chumakov Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides, in the immunization of children and adolescents. The vaccine proved to be moderately reactogenic and exhibited pronounced immunological activity. In 91.5% of the immunized children the fourfold increase of the antibody level was observed. On the basis of the data obtained in this study the tick-borne encephalitis vaccine was recommended for use in medical practice for the prophylaxis of tick-borne encephalitis among children and adolescents.

[Comparative study of inactivated cultured vaccines against tick-borne encephalitis manufactured in Russia and in Austria by the "Immuno" firm]. / Sravnitel'noe izuchenie inaktivirovannykh kul'tural'nykh vaktsin protiv kleshchevogo 7entsefalita otechestvennogo proizvodstva i proizvodstva firmy "Immuno" (Avstriia).

Inactivated culture vaccine against tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) FSME-Immun-Inject produced in Austria ("Immuno") was compared to vaccine produced in the Institute of Poliomyelitis and viral encephalitis by immunological activity, safety, reactogenicity. In mice, no significant differences in protective activity of the vaccines were found when test-strains were diverse strains of TBE virus. Seroconversion in the sera from the vaccinated two times was not significantly different by the level of antibodies determined for both eastern and western serotypes of TBE virus.

[Analysis of the stability of some properties of tick-borne encephalitis virus (strain 205) upon passaging in mice]. / Analiz stabil'nosti nekotorykh svoistv virusa kleshchevogo éntsefalita (shtamm 205) pri passirovanii na myshakh.

Comparative analysis of the characteristics of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) strain 205 used for the production of vaccine against TBE and of its variants obtained by passages in mouse brain showed the stability of such properties as infective activity, neurovirulence, sensitivity to physical (heating to 50 C) and chemical (sodium deoxycholate treatment) factors. At the same time increased neurovirulence of variants 205/M10 and 205/M20, which undergone through 10 and 20 passages in white mouse brain, for low-sensitive Syrian hamsters was revealed. Use of a panel of 5 monoclonal antibodies to protein E and of 4 monoclonal antibodies to protein E and of 4 monoclonal antibodies to protein NS3 helped differentiate between not only strains 205 and Sofyin, but between variants of strain 205 as well.

[The relationship of the antigenic characteristics of the tick-borne encephalitis virus to the level of the protective activity of inactivated cultured vaccines]. / Izuchenie vzaimosviazi antigennoi kharakteristiki virusa kleshchevogo éntsefalita s urovnem protektivnoi aktivnosti inaktivirovannykh kul'tural'nykh vaktsin.

As shown in this study, the immunization of animals with killed vaccines against tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) leads to the formation of specific immunity, depending on the antigenic structure of the vaccine strain and the test strains used for challenge. Vaccines obtained on the basis of the TBE virus strain of the Eastern antigenic variant induced the development of a wider spectrum of specific protective activity than vaccines obtained on the basis of the TBE virus strain of the Western antigenic variant.

[The quality standardization of a national vaccine against yellow fever]. / Standartizatsiia kachestva natsional'noi vaktsiny protiv zheltoi likhoradki.

One of the commercial lots of yellow fever vaccine has been attested as the National Branch Standard (NBS) of yellow fever vaccine. This NBS has been studied in all tests required by the regulations for standard vaccines. The NBS has been found to meet the necessary requirements in all its characteristics. The study of the thermostability of the NBS at temperatures of 4-10 degrees C, 20-22 degrees C, 37 degrees C during storage for 24 hours to 1 year has revealed the rapid loss of the infectious capacity of the virus at the above temperatures and its high stability during storage at -20 degrees C. Thus, the NBS has been found to retain the required level of immunizing potency for 3 months at a temperature of 4-10 degrees C, for 1 month at 20-22 degrees C and for 2 weeks (the term of observation) at 37 degrees C. The heat resistance of the NBS of yellow fever vaccine corresponds to the WHO requirements. The newly developed NBS has been used as the standard preparation for controlling 27 lots of commercial yellow fever vaccine.