Effect of thymus-dependent antigen on recovery of hemo- and lymphopoiesis impaired by antineoplastic drugs.

Single injection of antineoplastic drugs cyclophosphamide and cisplatin (Platidiam) in maximum permissible doses to CBA/CaLac mice impaired morphological composition of hemopoietic and lymphoid organs (thymus and spleen). Drug-induced changes persisted for 6 months. Cyclophosphamide caused more severe disturbances in the lymphoid stem in the bone marrow, thymus, and spleen and more strongly stimulated erythropoiesis in the spleen compared to cisplatin. Immunization of mice with thymus-dependent antigen (sheep erythrocytes) after injection of cytostatics accelerated regenerative processes in hemopoietic and lymphoid organs. However, cell disorganization 3 and 6 months after immunization did not differ from that caused by antineoplastic drugs and was even more pronounced in the thymus by the 6th month of observations.

Peculiarities of primary humoral immune response in mice with cytostatic disease.

Single intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide in a maximum permissible dose (250 mg/kg) followed by immunization wih thymus-dependent antigen (sheep erythrocytes) markedly suppressed the formation of antibody-producing cells in the spleen, especially at early stages of cytostatic disease, and delayed the synthesis of specific antibodies in male CBA/CaLac mice. Platidiam (cisplatin) injected in comparable doses 4 days before immunization practically did not suppress the formation of antibody-producing cells and their functional activity, but being injected 30 days before immunization reduced the number of antibody-producing cells.

[The immunoregulatory properties of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-beta in mice opposite-reacting to antigen]. / Issledovanie immunoreguliatornykh svoistv rekombinantnogo faktora nekroza opukholi beta cheloveka u oppozitnoreagiruiushchikh na antigen myshei.

The effect of 10(3)-10(5) E/20 g doses of the recombinant factor of human beta tumor necrosis (rFNT-beta) on formation of the immune response and macrophage functional activity was studied in CBA and C57Bl/6 mice that differ in genetically determined level of the immune response to an antigen (sheep erythrocytes). The rFNT-beta was found to cause a modulating effect on the cell and humoral links of the immune response. The effect of the agent depended on the dose and the genotype of the experimental animals. It is suggested that the interlinear differences in the intensity of the humoral immune response in rFNT-beta administration may be connected with the different sensitivity to the agent of the peritoneal macrophages of mice of the used lines.

[The effect of platinum-containing cytostatic preparations on the immune and hematopoietic systems]. / Vliianie platinsoderzhashchikh tsitostaticheskikh preparatov na immunnuiu i krovetvornuiu sistemy.

Experiments on male CBA/CA Lac mice [correction of rats] showed that a maximum tolerance dose of platidiam suppresses the primary humoral immune response stimulated by the thymus-dependent antigen in the late period (30 days), and has practically no immunosuppressive effect at the early stages (4 days) after injection of the cytostatic drug; it raises the phagocytizing activity of the peritoneal macrophages and increases the number of monocytes in the peripheral blood.

[Enzyme immunoassay in diagnosis of opisthorchiasis. Communication 2. Enzyme immunoassay test system for diagnosis of acute opisthorchiasis]. / Immunofermentnyi analiz v diagnostike opistorkhoza. Soobshchenie 2. Kharakteristika immunofermentnoi test-sistemy dlia diagnostiki ostrogo opistorkhoza.

A standard, highly specific and sensitive enzyme immunoassay test system has been developed for the diagnosis of acute opisthorchiasis, which is based on indirect solid-phase enzyme immunoassay for determination IgM antibodies to the antigen derived from Opisthorchis felineus marita extracts. The sensitivity of the test system is 87%, its specificity is 96.8%.

[The allergenic and immunotropic properties of the preparation pantohematogen]. / Izuchenie allergennykh i immunotropnykh svoistv preparata pantogematogen.

Experiments on CBA/Ca Lac mice showed that pantohematogen, a drug prepared from whole blood of Siberian deer, wapiti, and deer, when administered in a course in doses under study and in chosen conditions of the experiment does not possess allergenic and immunotoxic properties. The immunomodulating properties of the drug were characterized by marked stimulation of macrophage phagocytic activity and, under definite conditions, by activation of formation of antibody-producing cells in the spleen of mice immunized with sheep erythrocytes.

[Immunoenzyme analysis in the diagnosis of opisthorchiasis. I. The development of an immunoenzyme method for determining IgM antibodies to the Opisthorchis antigen]. / Immunofermentnyi analiz v diagnostike opistorkhoza. Soobshchenie I. Razrabotka immunofermentnogo metoda opredeleniia IgM-antitel k opistorkhoznomu antigenu.

An assay was developed to determine IgM antibodies to Opisthorchis felineus antigens for the diagnosis of acute infection. The method is based on indirect solid-phase enzyme immunoassay. Optimal conditions were elaborated for analysis and its high specificity and specifications are shown in the paper.

[The effect of the anthelmintics biltricide and chloxyl on the level of cellular and humoral immunity in patients with chronic opisthorchiasis]. / Vliianie antigel'mintikov bil'tritsida i khloksila na uroven' kletochnogo i gumoral'nogo immuniteta u bol'nykh khronicheskim opistorkhozom.

The effect of two anthelmintics--biltricide and chloxyl--on the immune status has been compared in patients with chronic opisthorchiasis. It has been established that in using chloxyl there is a more marked and persistent imbalance of immunoregulatory T-lymphocyte subpopulations (T mu-helpers-inducers and T gamma-suppressors-effectors).

[T-lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with gastric cancer]. / Subpopuliatsii T-limfotsitov u bol'nykh rakom zheludka.

T-lymphocyte subpopulation profile in peripheral blood of gastric cancer patients proved abnormal. The disbalance became more apparent with progression of disease. A decrease in T gamma-lymphocyte level was observed after radical surgery. T gamma- and T mu- lymphocyte levels proved significantly altered following combined treatment including surgery and chemotherapy with ftorafur or pyrogenal immunotherapy.

[Cross-reacting antigens of Opisthorchis felineus and Salmonella typhi and their possible effect on the clinical course of typhoid fever]. / Perekrestno reagiruiushchie antigeny Opisthorchis felineus i Salmonella typhi i ikh vozmozhnoe vliianie na klinicheskoe techenie briushnogo tifa.

The experiments on rabbits immunized with a complex O. felineus antigen and spirit abdominal typhoid vaccine enriched with Vi-antigen, as well as studies on patients with chronic opisthorchiasis and bacterial carriers of S. typhi have established the presence of cross-reacting antigens in abdominal typhoid and opisthorchiasis pathogens. It is suggested that these antigens play an essential role in the development and outcome of abdominal typhoid secondary to chronic opisthorchiasis invasion.

[The immune status of patients with tick-borne encephalitis studied by using an immune reagent kit for the determination of human lymphocyte subpopulations]. / Izuchenie immunnogo statusa bol'nykh kleshchevym éntsefalitom s pomoshch'iu nabora immunoreagnetov dlia opredeleniia subpopuliatsii limfotsitov cheloveka.

The comparative study of disturbances in the immune status of patients with different clinical forms of tick-borne encephalitis has revealed that in the severe (meningeal) form of the disease more pronounced imbalance in the immune system develops, especially with respect to immunoregulatory subpopulations of T-lymphocytes. This seems to be the cause of delayed activation of immune processes in this group of patients in comparison to those having an aborted course of the disease.

[The effect of various factors on the immune status of patients with chronic opisthorchiasis. 2. Changes in immunologic indices in patients with chronic opisthorchiasis undergoing chloxyl treatment for various lengths of time]. / Vliianie razlichnykh faktorov na immunnyi status bol'nykh khronicheskim opistorkhozom. Soobshchenie 2. Izmeneniia immunologicheskikh pokazatelei u bol'nykh khronicheskim opistorkhozom s razlichnoi kratnost'iu lecheniia khloksilom.

Most immunological characteristics became practically normal 7-9 months after a single chloxyl treatment course in patients with chronic cholecystocholangitic opisthorchiasis. The patients who required repeated chemotherapy showed more profound and steady immune disturbances.

[The possibility of using equine serum albumin in place of bovine serum albumin and ovalbumin in radioimmunological and immunoenzyme analyses and in virological practice]. / Vozmozhnost' ispol'zovaniia loshadinogo syvorotochnogo al'bumina vmesto bych'ego syvorotochnogo al'bumina i oval'bumina v radioimmunologicheskom i immmunofermentnom analizakh i v virusologicheskoi praktike.

Horse serum albumin has been shown to meet the requirements to protein preparations for microanalysis and thus to be suitable for use in kits of reagents for the radioimmunological determination of insulin and myoglobin, for the determination of tick-borne encephalitis virus antigen by the method of the enzyme immunoassay and for the stabilization of proteins in the hemagglutination test and the hemagglutination inhibition test.

[The use of immunoenzyme assay for the control of specific activity of antisera against vasopressin]. / Primenenie immunofermentnogo analiza dlia kontrolia spetsificheskoi aktivnosti antisyvorotok k vazopressinu.

A procedure is described for production of antiserum against peptide hormone Arg-vasopressin. A sensitive immunoenzyme assay is developed for estimation of the antiserum activity and specificity.

[The structure of immunoregulatory cells as a reflection of their interaction in infectious diseases]. / Struktura immunoreguliatornykh kletok kak otrazhenie ikh vzaimodeistviia pri infektsionnykh zabolevaniiakh.

Analysis of the structure of immunoregulatory cells (IRC) as the reflection of cell interaction in healthy persons and in patients with typhoid fever, tick-borne encephalitis, or chronic opisthorchiasis has shown that the characteristics under study (information entropy, structural information, the coefficient of ecological-genetic correspondence) are highly sensitive and specific, which makes it possible to use them quite effectively for differentiating health from disease and for identifying this disease. The study of IRC structure as the reflection of cell interrelations helps evaluate the changes in the organization of IRC system as a whole in different infectious diseases.

[Cellular and humoral immunity and nonspecific resistance factors in chronic opisthorchiasis patients during dispensary observation]. / Sostoianie kletochnogo i gumoral'nogo immuniteta i nekotorykh faktorov nespetsificheskoi rezistentnosti u bol'nykh khronicheskim opistorkhozom v periode dispansernogo nabliudeniia.

In 116 patients with opisthorchiasis running a cholecystocholangitic variant of the disease course, the characteristics of nonspecific resistance (complement, lysozyme, properdin), cell-mediated and humoral immunity (T- and B-lymphocytes, T gamma-, T mu-, O-, D-, A-cells and auto-rosette-forming cells, IgG, IgA and IgM) have been studied. Essential changes in these characteristics before and after treatment, as well as at the remote periods of dispensary observation, have been established.

[Functional information model of the normal immune status and in pathology]. / Informatsionno-funktsional'naia model' immunnogo statusa v norme i pri patologii.

The informative logical analysis has been used as the basis for the construction of the functional models of the immune status in the form of logical formulae. In these models the character of interrelations between immunocompetent cells in health and disease is reflected. Such models make it possible to substantiate the necessity, as well as the differentiated methods, of the correction of disturbances in the immune status, depending on the nature of the pathological case.

[Condition of lymphoid tissue and characteristics of development of antitoxin immunity during an experimental course of methotrexate treatment]. / Sostoianie limfoidnoi tkani i osobennosti formirovaniia antitoksicheskogo immuniteta pri kursovom primenenii metotreksata v éksperimente

Methotrexate administered to albino mice in a dose of 0.5 mg/kg for a period of 10 days caused significant (two period) changes in the central and peripheral immunocompetent tissue. During the first--destructive--period there occurred a marked reduction in the weight of the spleen and the thymus, a cut in the count of the nuclear cells in them, and also a significant depletion of the cellular composition of the lymphoid organs. Suspension of the cytostatic was followed by a gradual restoration of all the indices under study, slower in the thymus than in the spleen. In the animals immunized with the tetanus toxoid against the background of the methotrexate administration all the changes in the lymphoid organs developed under a preponderant influence of the cytostatic agent; the action of the antigen was depressed during the whole experiment. Specific antibodies appeared in the blood of these animals later and their titres were lower than in control; experimental mice were also less resistant to tetanus toxin.