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1.
ACS Med Chem Lett ; 3(3): 252-6, 2012 Mar 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24900461

RESUMO

Extensive structure-activity relationship studies of a series derived from atropisomer 1, a previously described chiral benzodiazepine sulfonamide series, led to a potent, brain penetrant and selective compound with excellent preclinical pharmacokinetic across species. We also describe the utilization of a high throughput mouse pharmacodynamic assay which allowed for expedient assessment of pharmacokinetic and brain distribution.

2.
J Pharmacol Exp Ther ; 336(2): 356-64, 2011 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21036912

RESUMO

Bombesin receptor subtype-3 (BRS-3) is an orphan G protein-coupled receptor implicated in the regulation of energy homeostasis. Here, we report the biologic effects of a highly optimized BRS-3 agonist, (2S)-1,1,1-trifluoro-2-[4-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)phenyl]-3-(4-{[1-(trifluoromethyl)cyclopropyl]methyl}-1H-imidazol-2-yl)propan-2-ol (MK-5046). Single oral doses of MK-5046 inhibited 2-h and overnight food intake and increased fasting metabolic rate in wild-type but not Brs3 knockout mice. Upon dosing for 14 days, MK-5046 at 25 mg · kg(-1) · day(-1) reduced body weight of diet-induced obese mouse by 9% compared with vehicle-dosed controls. In mice, 50% brain receptor occupancy was achieved at a plasma concentration of 0.34 ± 0.23 µM. With chronic dosing, effects on metabolic rate, rather than food intake, seem to be the predominant mechanism for weight reduction by MK-5046. The compound also effectively reduced body weight in rats and caused modest increases in body temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure. These latter effects on temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure were transient in nature and desensitized with continued dosing. MK-5046 is the first BRS-3 agonist with properties suitable for use in larger mammals. In dogs, MK-5046 treatment produced statistically significant and persistent weight loss, which was initially accompanied by increases in body temperature and heart rate that abated with continued dosing. Our results demonstrate antiobesity efficacy for MK-5046 in rodents and dogs and further support BRS-3 agonism as a new approach to the treatment of obesity.


Assuntos
Fármacos Antiobesidade/farmacologia , Imidazóis/farmacologia , Pirazóis/farmacologia , Receptores da Bombesina/agonistas , Animais , Pressão Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Peso Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , Cães , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Ingestão de Alimentos/efeitos dos fármacos , Metabolismo Energético/efeitos dos fármacos , Frequência Cardíaca/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Receptores da Bombesina/análise
3.
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab ; 299(5): E816-24, 2010 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20807840

RESUMO

Treatment of rodents with a bombesin receptor subtype-3 (BRS-3) agonist reduces food intake and increases fasting metabolic rate, causing weight loss with continued treatment. In small mammals, core body temperature (T(b)) is regulated in part by nutritional status, with a reduced T(b) during fasting. We report that fed Brs3 knockout mice have a lower T(b), which is discordant with their nutritional status. Treatment of wild-type mice with a BRS-3 agonist increased T(b), more so when the baseline T(b) was reduced such as by fasting or during the inactive phase of the light cycle. With repeated BRS-3 agonist dosing, the T(b) increase attenuated despite continued weight loss efficacy. The increase in T(b) was not prevented by inhibitors of prostaglandin E (PGE) production but was partially reduced by a ß-adrenergic blocker. These results demonstrate that BRS-3 has a role in body temperature regulation, presumably secondary to its effect on energy metabolism, including effects on sympathetic tone. By making use of this phenomenon, the reversal of the fasting T(b) reduction was developed into a sensitive single-dose pharmacodynamic assay for BRS-3 agonism and other antiobesity compounds acting by various mechanisms, including sibutramine, cannabinoid-1, and melanin-concentrating hormone-1 receptor blockers, and melanocortin, ß3-adrenergic, and cholecystokinin-1 receptor agonists. These drugs increased both the fasted T(b) and the fasted, resting metabolic rates. The T(b) assay is a robust, information-rich assay that is simpler and has a greater throughput than measuring metabolic rate and is a practical, effective tool for drug discovery.


Assuntos
Fármacos Antiobesidade/farmacologia , Regulação da Temperatura Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , Obesidade/tratamento farmacológico , Receptores da Bombesina/agonistas , Animais , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Ingestão de Alimentos/fisiologia , Metabolismo Energético/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Knockout , Camundongos Obesos , Obesidade/metabolismo , Obesidade/fisiopatologia , Receptores da Bombesina/metabolismo , Redução de Peso/fisiologia
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