Molar Incisor Hypomineralization Prevalence in the Schoolchildren of Gannavaram Mandal, Krishna District, Andhra Pradesh, India: A Cross-sectional Study.

AIM AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the prevalence of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) in schoolchildren of the ages between 8 and 14 years of Gannavaram Mandal, Krishna district, Andhra Pradesh, India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 2,250 children of ages between 8 and 14 years were selected randomly from different schools. After obtaining requisite permissions from Mandal Educational Officer (MEO), children was screened for the prevalence of MIH according to European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) 2003 diagnostic criteria and severity for MIH was examined using Wetzel and Reckel scale. RESULTS: Prevalence of MIH was observed to be 2.1% with higher cases of mild severity and with no sex predilection (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Early diagnosis and treatment can significantly reduce complications associated with MIH. Very few studies have been conducted in India and studies encompassing extensive population are warranted to better understand its etiology. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: MIH lesions lead to carious development. Hence there is need to identify MIH in children as early as possible to reduce the clinical complications. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Tarannum, Ravichandra KS, Muppa R, et al. Molar Incisor Hypomineralization Prevalence in the Schoolchildren of Gannavaram Mandal, Krishna District, Andhra Pradesh, India: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021;14(6):737-740.

Prevalence of Early Childhood Caries in Children of West Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh, South India: An Epidemiological Study.

AIM: To determine the prevalence of early childhood caries (ECC) and its risk factors in children of West Godavari district, Andhra Pradesh. STUDY DESIGN: A sample of 1,897 children between 24 and 71 months of age based on stratified cluster random sampling were clinically examined for dental caries using mouth mirror under day light. The parents/caregivers of each child were interviewed with a structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed using independent sample Student's t-test and chi-square test. RESULTS: Out of the total 1,897 children, 796 were affected with ECC showing an overall prevalence of 41.9%, with boys showing a higher prevalence rate of 44.8% compared to girls (39.9%). Statistically significant correlations were found between ECC and consumption of sugary snacks (p < 0.0001) and mouth rinsing habit (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: A higher prevalence of ECC was observed and most of the teeth were not restored. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Koya S, Ravichandra KS, Arunkumar VA, Sahana S, Pushpalatha HM. Prevalence of Early Childhood Caries in Children of West Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh, South India: An Epidemiological Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016;9(3):251-255.

Congenital Insensitivity to Pain and Anhydrosis: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Dilemmas revisited.

First described in 1932 by Dearborn as 'congenital pure analgesia', congenital insensitivity to pain and anhydrosis (CIPA) or hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy (HSAN) type IV is an extremely rare autosomal recessive disorder. A 7-year-old female child who is an established case of congenital insensitivity to pain and anhydrosis visited the department of pediatric medicine with osteoarthritic neuropathy. A multidisciplinary team approach was utilized to treat the child under general anesthesia. This article also discusses the diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas involved in treating this type of children. How to cite this article: Ravichandra KS, Kandregula CR, Koya S, Lakhotia D. Congenital Insensitivity to Pain and Anhydrosis: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Dilemmas revisited. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2015;8(1):75-81.

Emotional Intelligence among Dental Undergraduate Students: An Indispensable and Ignored Aspect in Dentistry.

BACKGROUND: Emotional intelligence (EI) is a measure of pure intelligence of cognitive ability that translates psychological knowledge into terms that are useable by people not professionally trained in psychology, like dentists. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional, self-administered, structured questionnaire survey in English was distributed among 186 undergraduate students to assess their EI. It consisted of 30 questions, 5 each to assess the self-awareness, empathy, self-confidence, motivation, social control, and self-competency. All the participants were asked to answer each question, anything between virtually never to virtually always using the rating scale 1-5. RESULTS: The collected data were analyzed using statistical software SPSS version 20 (Chicago, Inc.). The mean, median, and mode for various responses between the groups were compared. Only 11.55% of the participants had good EI with scores above 20 in all domains, while a majority of 54.02% proved to have average EI. A mere 2.05% showed to have very poor EI and 28.84% demonstrated poor EI. CONCLUSIONS: The study showed that only 11.55% had a good EI and a major percentage of the students require immediate intervention to improve their EI.

Comparative evaluation of Shear bond strength of different Pit and fissure Sealants in Primary and Permanent teeth - An In-Vitro Study.

BACKGROUND: Dental caries among children is one of the greatest challenges faced by dentists globally; especially that of susceptible surfaces like the Pit and fissures. Dental sealants have proved to be an effective way to prevent caries development. The Clinical success of any material depends upon its adhesion to tooth structure, resistance to wear and ability to withstand the masticatory or occlusal forces. Hence it is important to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS). The Present study's aim was to evaluate and compare the shear bond strength of different pit and fissure sealants placed on Primary molars and Permanent Premolars. MATERIALS & METHODS: Sixty noncarious extracted teeth comprising of thirty Primary molars and thirty Permanent Premolars were divided into four groups of 15 each. The buccal surfaces of all teeth were dried, etched and the etched surfaces of Primary molars (Group I) and Permanent Premolars (Group III) were placed with Helioseal-F while Groups II and IV, that included Primary molars and Permanent Premolars received Clinpro. Shear bond strength was evaluated and the mean was obtained for all the groups. The results were analyzed using twoway analysis of variance followed by Tukeys post hoc procedure to check for significant differences. RESULTS: The specimens of unfilled sealant Clinpro (Groups II & IV) showed higher Shear bond strength when compared to the specimens of filled sealant Helioseal-F (Groups I & III). CONCLUSION: The unfilled sealant showed a better Shear bond strength compared to the filled sealant. The bond strength in Primary molars was slightly higher compared to Permanent Premolars. How to cite the article: Pushpalatha HM, Ravichandra KS, Srikanth K, Divya G, Done V, Krishna KB, Patil V. Comparative evaluation of Shear bond strength of different Pit and fissure Sealants in Primary and Permanent teeth - An In-Vitro Study. J Int Oral Health 2014;6(2):84-9.

Relation of salivary calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase with the incidence of dental caries in children.

AIM: The purpose of this study was to assess possible relationship of Calcium, Phosphorus and Alkaline-phophatase levels in saliva with incidence of caries in child patients. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Children (n=75) attending Department of Pedodontics, St. Joseph Dental college, Eluru, with and without caries were categorized in to Group I: Consisting of 25 children with non-rampant caries, Group II: Consisting of 25 children with rampant caries, Group III: Consisting of 25 children without caries. (Control group). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The samples of saliva were collected one week after oral prophylaxis. Unstimulated directly expectorated whole saliva samples were collected in clean, dry, sterilized glass bottles and fitted with proper rubber stoppers immediately. The samples were subjected to biochemical assay for estimation of calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase levels. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: ANOVA. RESULTS: The alkaline Phosphatase activity for rampant caries group was 18.66 K.A, and control group was 4.68 K.A. The values of alkaline phosphatase activity for minimal caries group was 6.16 KA. CONCLUSION: Saliva could reflect a caries risk situation was supported by the fact that alkaline phosphatase activity was very much significantly higher in caries prone groups.

A new technique of impression making for an obturator in cleft lip and palate patient.

Cleft lip and palate is a birth defect occurring in the orofacial region. One of the immediate problems to be addressed in a newborn with this defect would be to aid in suckling and swallowing. Here we present a case of a 5-day-old infant with unilateral cleft lip and palate for whom feeding obturator was made by using a simplified impression technique to facilitate feeding.