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Rev. enferm. neurol ; 14(2): 93-101, may.-ago. 2015.
Artigo em Espanhol | BDENF - Enfermagem, LILACS | ID: biblio-1034774

RESUMO

Introducción: La alteración del estado cognitivo vuelve al adulto mayor dependiente, limita su autocuidado y genera cuidados a largo plazo. Objetivo: Valorar el estado cognitivo del adulto mayor, identificar las capacidades cognitivas más afectadas según género, edad y escolaridad. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal no probabilístico con enfoque cuantitativo en una casa de rehabilitación y reposo en México D.F. La población fue de 78 adultos mayores de 60 años (41 mujeres y 37 hombres). Se valoró el estado cognitivo con ayuda del (Mini-Mental) cuyo objetivo es establecer un diagnóstico presuntivo de las funciones cognitivas. Se utilizaron cuatro variables: estado cognitivo, género, edad y escolaridad. Resultados: De las 78 personas el 47.4% fueron hombres y el 52.6% mujeres, el 40.5% tienen de 60 a 69 años, el 32.1% obtuvo un título universitario, el 23.1% de la población mostro deterioro severo, el 44.9% deterioro leve. Las áreas más afectadas fueron: abstracción (cálculo) con 46.2% de deterioro severo, memoria a corto plazo con 47.4% de deterioro severo y lenguaje con 11.5% de deterioro. Conclusiones: Evaluar y detectar alteraciones cognitivas permitirá concientizar a la familia, buscar modelos de atención y cuidado fortaleciendo el bienestar del adulto mayor.


Introduction: Altered mental state becomes the elderly dependent, limited self-care and generates long-term care. Objective: To assess the cognitive status of the elderly and identify the cognitive abilities most affected by gender, age and education. Methodology: A cross-sectional study of non-probabilistic descriptive quantitative approach was conducted in a rehabilitation and rest house in Mexico DF. The sample was 78 adults over 60 years, 41 women and 37 men. We made an assessment of cognitive status using the Minimental which objective to establish a diagnosis of cognitive functions. Were considered four variables: Cognitive status, gender, age and education. Results: Of the 78 people found that 47.4% were male and 52.6% female, 40.5% was found in the group of 60-69 years, 32.1% of seniors earned a university degree in 23.1% of the population severe deterioration was observed, 44.9% mild deterioration. The Areas with more impairment were the area of abstraction (calculation) 46.2% had severe deterioration in the area of short-term memory 47.4% severe cognitive impairment was found and in the language area was 11.5%. Conclusions: Evaluate and detect cognitive impairment will allow awareness to the family, look for models of care and attention to strengthen the welfare of the elderly.


Assuntos
Idoso , Disfunção Cognitiva/diagnóstico , Disfunção Cognitiva/enfermagem , Envelhecimento Cognitivo/psicologia
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