A vehicle to vehicle relay-based task offloading scheme in Vehicular Communication Networks.

Vehicular edge computing (VEC) is a potential field that distributes computational tasks between VEC servers and local vehicular terminals, hence improve vehicular services. At present, vehicles' intelligence and capabilities are rapidly improving, which will likely support many new and exciting applications. The network resources are well-utilized by exploiting neighboring vehicles' available resources while mitigating the VEC server's heavy burden. However, due to the vehicles' mobility, network topology, and the available computing resources change rapidly, which are difficult to predict. To tackle this problem, we investigate the task offloading schemes by utilizing vehicle to vehicle and vehicle to infrastructure communication modes and exploiting the vehicle's under-utilized computation and communication resources, and taking the cost and time consumption into account. We present a promising relay task-offloading scheme in vehicular edge computing (RVEC). According to this scheme, the tasks are offloaded in a vehicle to vehicle relay for computation while being transmitted to VEC servers. Numerical results illustrate that the RVEC scheme substantially enhances the network's overall offloading cost.

Does regional energy consumption disparities assist to control environmental degradation in OBOR: an entropy approach.

China launched the One Belt & One Road (OBOR) initiative to minimize the energy resource shortage. The China's nearby countries are rich in energy resources especially Middle East and North Africa (MENA) and Asian countries which make them ideal locations to cooperate with China in terms of energy resources, as 42.8% of world energy consumption belongs to OBOR countries. The present study elaborates the spatial distribution pattern of energy consumption disparities and its impact on environment. To do this, an entropy approach is utilized to compute the energy consumption inequalities in OBOR and its regions. The spatial and Pareto analysis show that MENA, East, and Southeast Asian economies have the highest degree of energy consumption inequalities, while European and Central Asian economies show the lowest energy consumption inequalities in OBOR region. The long-run estimates indicate that energy consumption inequalities enhance the CO2 emission in OBOR and its region except South and Southeast Asia. Financial development also has a significantly positive impact on CO2 emission in all models for OBOR and its regions except East Asia. Based on findings, the spatial distribution analysis is applicable to maintain balance in regional energy consumption inequality within OBOR and its regions.

An empirical evaluation of financial development-carbon footprint nexus in One Belt and Road region.

The aspiration of study is to explore the financial development-carbon footprint nexus in One Belt and Road initiative (BRI) region utilizing the panel dataset from 1990-2017. The cross-sectional dependence tests and second-generation panel unit tests were applied to affirm the cross-section dependence and integration level. The panel regression estimators from the Driscoll-Kraay standard error method for robust estimators in the presence of cross-sectional dependence have been applied to compute the estimators concerning the financial development-carbon footprint nexus for One Belt and Road economies. The estimates infer that financial development, urban population, and FDI have an adverse effect on carbon footprint. Furthermore, economic growth and energy consumption pollute the environment by enhancing the carbon footprint. Based on findings, it infers that financial development is a potential instrument to keep the environment through financial reforms. The estimates signify that it is necessary to allocate resources for renewable energy, energy efficiency, and energy conservation projects in order to moderate environmental degradation.

Gender based differences in patients of poisoning managed at a Medical Unit.

Poisoning is a nationwide hazard. This was a cross-sectional observational study carried out from 2016 to 2017 focused on indoor patients of poisoning at the District Headquarters Hospital, Rawalpindi. We studied the gender-based differences in patients of poisoning to decipher information related to poisoning in which we noted eight variables. For the study 180 patients were included of which 54.4% were males and the rest females. Married patients outnumbered unmarried patients - 70.7% females and 50.2% males. The mean age was 30±12.9 and 27±12.6 respectively. Patients were predominantly of urban residence (56.1% & 52.4% respectively). Deliberate self-poisoning (DSP) was the most common intent among both genders, 81.7% in females and 72.4% among the males in contrast to accidental poisoning which was 23.5% in males and 18. 3 % in females. Aluminum-phosphide, organophosphates, snakebite and corrosive intake were the most common form of poisonings. Unknown causes of poisoning were found significantly more in males (P=0.001), while corrosive intake was more common among the females (P=0.002). Mean duration of hospitalisation for all was 4.22±3.5 days. Out of the 180 patients of poisoning, 18% expired as a result. Conclusively, among married women poisoning is more significant, homicidal poisoning is exclusive to males and corrosive poisoning is predominant in females.