Successful surgical repair of a sternum cleft using composite mesh: A case report and new technical note.

Sternal clefts are infrequent congenital malformations, particularly in their complete presentation. There are less than 100 descriptions of these defects published in the literature worldwide. We report a clinical case of lower sternal cleft associated with congenital laparoschisis in a 2-year-old boy. Surgery was performed because of recurrent pneumopathy and the risk of cardiorespiratory decompensation in the midterm. A semi-resorbable prosthesis was used for sternal closure. We have not observed any complications with this sternal closure system in our patient. This approach is easy, safe, effective and not harmful to a child's growth.

[Severity Factors of Pulmonary Aspergilloma in the Surgical Intensive Care Unit of Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona Hospital, Antananarivo, Madagascar]. / Facteurs de Gravité de L'aspergillome Pulmonaire en Réanimation Chirurgicale à L'hôpital Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona, Antananarivo, Madagascar.

Objective: This retrospective study was designed to study the clinical profile, post-operative outcome with analysis of severity factors of pulmonary aspergilloma operated in our institute. Patients and methodology: During a 5-year period (June 2009 to June 2014), 34 patients underwent surgery for pulmonary aspergilloma and were admitted in the surgical intensive care unit of the CHU/JRA Antananarivo. Results: The group consist of 23 male patients and 11 female patients with a mean age of 42 ± 9.9 years. In 29.4% of cases, it was a complex aspergilloma. The procedures performed were segmental resection (n = 3), lobectomy (n = 21), bi-lobectomy (n = 2), pneumonectomy (n = 7) and cavernostomy (n = 1). Median hospital stay was 4.5 ± 3 days. The postoperative lethality rate was 14.7% caused by respiratory failure, infection and underlying diseases. Main complications included bleeding, respiratory failures, and pulmonary infection. Conclusion: Factors associated to increased postoperative complications included: the ASA score, decreased preoperative lung function, urgent procedures, smoking, postoperative mechanical ventilation, bleeding, hyperleukocytosis and surgery duration.

New reduction technique simplified for surgical stabilisation of isolated manubriosternal dislocation: A case report and literature review.

Manubriosternal joint (MSJ) dislocation is often poorly tolerated, with pain, and both static and dynamic dysfunction in breathing. This injury is rare, and treatment includes both surgical and non-surgical interventions. Moreover, the treatment needs to be personalised to a specific case. We present a case of a 19-year-old Comorian man who had chest pains that were exacerbated by movements after falling from a tree. Careful physical examination revealed that the man had a 'stair step'-looking deformity located at the anterior chest wall at the level of the MSJ. A computed tomography scan confirmed the diagnosis of manubriosternal disruption. The patient underwent a surgical intervention under general anaesthesia and had an uneventful recovery.

Manubriosternal dislocation type II associated with thoracic spine fracture: What can we learn from this?

Traumatic dislocation of the manubriosternal joint is rare, and management correction requires an individualised decision. We report a case of a young female who suffered a type II manubriosternal dislocation with concomitant thoracic spine fracture, as a result of a motor vehicle accident. The mechanism and various therapeutic outcomes are discussed, and a review of the literature provided.

Lethal left cardiac thromboembolism in infant: A rare complication of pulmonary tuberculosis.

If acute or severe infectious are know that risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE), the role active tuberculosis is ill defined, despite different case reports and many small case series have proposed an association between VTE and chronic infectious such as tuberculosis. We are highlighting an exceptional phenomenon correlation between intra-cardiac thromboembolism and pulmonary tuberculosis and concluded that active tuberculosis should include in the physician's evaluation of intra-cardiac thromboembolism risk.

Acute descending necrotizing mediastinitis: four years of experience at a hospital center in Madagascar.

Acute mediastinitis, also called descending necrotizing mediastinitis and cervicomediastinal necrotizing fasciitis, is a disease due to the spread of severe cervical or oropharyngeal infection. Our retrospective study examined clinical records of patients admitted to the surgical intensive care unit for the management of acute mediastinitis during the four-year period 2009-2012. The records showed 14 cases admitted during these four years. The patients' mean age was 30 years and 8 months, and the M/F sex-ratio was 1.33. The main predisposing factors found were the presence of a severe cervical infection, such as fasciitis, of odontogenic origin or the administration of anti-inflammatory drugs. The diagnosis is based on clinical data findings of thoracic pain with dyspnea or orthopnea, fever, or even septic shock and is confirmed by radiologic findings. The patient's multidisciplinary management combines medical management (supportive medical care in an intensive care unit and broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy) and surgical treatment by bilateral cervicotomy with mediastinal drainage. The mortality rate was high at 71.42%. In Madagascar, neglect of dental health can cause odontogenic fasciitis, which plays an important role in descending mediastinitis, a disease that still has a catastrophic prognosis today.

[A case of mediastinum actinomycosis by Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans]. / Un cas d'actinomycose médiastinale à Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.

The actinomycosis is a suppurative infection due to an anaerobic and microaerophillic bacteria called actinomyces. Only few case reports are described for the mediastinal locations of this rare entity. We report a new case of inflammatory pseudotumor in the mediastinum due to Aggregatibacte actinomycetemcomitans revealed by hemoptysis. The mediastinoscopy procedure with biopsy was needed to confirm the definitive bacteriological diagnosis by a positive culture. During the postoperative course, a cutaneous fistula was found which had a favourable evolution after appropriate antibiotherapy. Through this case report, the authors insist upon the importance of considering the diagnosis of mediastinal actinomycosis when facing non-specfic mediastinal mass symptoms and also about the interest of systematic bacterioscopic examination and histopathologic examination on nodes' biopsies to avoid to be lost on pathology of mediastinal tumor or tuberculosis. In practise, we caution the non-expert during biopsies because of this lesion's invasive characteristic especially in the confined space of the mediastinum.

[Pseudosyndrome of Meigs revealer of an ovarian goiter]. / Pseudosyndrome de Meigs révélateur d'un goitre ovarien.

The pseudosyndrome of Meigs is caracterised by a triad, which associates a solid benign tumor of the ovary, an ascitis and a pleural effusion. Surgical extraction of the tumor entails disappearance of the symptomatology. The authors report in this study a case of an ovarian goitre revealed by this syndrom.

Tumeur de Pancoast-Tobias : a propos d'un cas

La tumeur de Pancoast-Tobias est rare. Les auteurs rapportent un cas chez un homme de 50 ans presentant une tumefaction cervicale et thoracique droite associee a une douleur de l'epaule droite; une nevralgie du membre superieur droit et un syndrome de Claude Bernard Horner evoquant le syndrome de Pancoast-Tobias. La radiographie et le scanner thoraciques confirmaient le diagnostic d'une tumeur apicale droite. Une exerese large etait pratiquee suivie d'une chimiotherapie. Aucune recidive n'etait observee apres un recul de deux ans. Les particularites de cette pathologie rare sont discutees a travers une revue de la litterature

Right-Sided Recurring Catamenial Pneumothorax Complicated by a Diaphragmatic Hernia

No diaphragmatic hernia was reported with a catamenial pneumothorax. We report herein a case of right-sided recurring catamenial pneumothorax complicated by a latent diaphragmatic hernia

Giant Primary Liposarcoma of the Thoracic Esophagus

Primary liposarcomas of the mediastinum are unusual tumors. We report herein a case of a 64 year-old man; who presented a liposarcoma involving the mediastinum and the neck. A complete resection was performed and we had a free-disease survival result of eighteen months

Colique biliaire ascaridienne chez l'enfant. A propos d'un cas

L'ascaridiose biliopancreatique represente la localisation extra-intestinale la plus frequente des ascaridioses digestives. Elle est generalement de diagnostic echographique et la prise en charge actuelle est endoscopique. Nous rapportons un cas d'ascaridiose biliaire chez l'enfant; traite par des antihelminthiques et ayant amene a une discussion d'ordre therapeutique. Notre but est de montrer l'importance des traitements medicaux en cas d'ascaridiose biliaire dans un pays sous equipe tout en faisant une revue de la litterature