RESUMO
We studied the effect of an anthocyanin-containing complex from the fruits of S. aucuparia L. on doxorubicin-induced genotoxicity in bone marrow cells of C57BL/6 mice. The complex reduced the genotoxic effect doxorubicin in metaphase plates of bone marrow cells in 24, 48 h, and 10 days after the administration of the cytostatic. The mean number of single fragments and the fraction of cells with gaps and aberrant metaphases also decreased.
Assuntos
Sorbus , Animais , Camundongos , Antocianinas/farmacologia , Frutas , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologiaRESUMO
The results of studying the effect of the anthocyanin-containing complex from Sorbus aucuparia L. on the main indicators of erythropoiesis in the blood and bone marrow of mice with Lewis lung carcinoma against the background of doxorubicin administration were presented. It was shown that administration of the anthocyanin-containing complex from S. aucuparia L. to animals with the tumor prevented the development of anemic syndrome by promoting regeneration of the erythropoiesis after its depletion caused by single administration of a cytostatic agent.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Pulmonar de Lewis , Citostáticos , Sorbus , Animais , Antocianinas/farmacologia , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Lewis/tratamento farmacológico , Eritropoese , CamundongosRESUMO
We studied the effect of an anthocyanin-containing complex from Sorbus aucuparia L. on the main indicators of erythropoiesis in the blood and bone marrow of mice against the background of doxorubicin treatment. It was shown that administration of an anthocyanincontaining complex from S. aucuparia L. prevented the development of anemic syndrome by stimulating regeneration of the erythroid lineage of hematopoiesis after its devastation by single administration of the cytostatic.
Assuntos
Antocianinas/metabolismo , Eritropoese/fisiologia , Anemia/genética , Anemia/metabolismo , Animais , Antocianinas/genética , Doxorrubicina/uso terapêutico , Eritropoese/genética , Hematopoese/genética , Hematopoese/fisiologia , Masculino , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BLRESUMO
Myelotoxicity is a serious side effect of anticancer drugs. The search for drugs that can reduce the hematological complications of chemotherapy through modulation of hematopoietic stem cells is an urgent task of oncopharmacology. In the present study we showed that administration of Tussilago farfara L. polysaccharides to C57BL/6 mice treated with cyclophosphamide can increase the number of hematopoietic stem cells (CD117+34+) in the bone marrow.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos Alquilantes/toxicidade , Células da Medula Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Medula Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Ciclofosfamida/antagonistas & inibidores , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/efeitos dos fármacos , Polissacarídeos/farmacologia , Tussilago/química , Animais , Antígenos CD34/genética , Antígenos CD34/imunologia , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Medula Óssea/imunologia , Células da Medula Óssea/citologia , Células da Medula Óssea/imunologia , Contagem de Células , Ciclofosfamida/toxicidade , Feminino , Expressão Gênica , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/citologia , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/imunologia , Imunofenotipagem , Injeções Intraperitoneais , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Extratos Vegetais/química , Polissacarídeos/isolamento & purificação , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-kit/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-kit/imunologiaRESUMO
One of prospective methods for immunotherapy of tumors is modulation via immunological checkpoints, specifically, via the PD-1(CD279)/PD-L1(CD274) system. Interactions between tumor cell receptor (CD279) and the ligand on lymphocytes (CD274) leads to lymphocyte inactivation, which allows tumor escape from the immune control. Experiments on C57BL/6 mice with Lewis lung carcinoma demonstrate the possibility of reducing the expression of CD279 and CD274 on the peripheral blood and tumor tissue lymphocytes under the effects of Tussilago farfara L. polysaccharides. This phenomenon can underlie the antitumor and antimetastatic effects of these substances.
Assuntos
Antígeno B7-H1/metabolismo , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Lewis/tratamento farmacológico , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Lewis/metabolismo , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/metabolismo , Polissacarídeos/uso terapêutico , Receptor de Morte Celular Programada 1/metabolismo , Tussilago/química , Animais , Feminino , Citometria de Fluxo , Imunoterapia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BLRESUMO
A possibility for correction of damaging effects of polychemotherapy on the intestinal epithelium with Tussilago farfara L. polysaccharides was studied on C57Bl/6 mice with Lewis lung carcinoma. The polysaccharides had protective and/or stimulating effects on the intestinal epithelium during polychemotherapy and promoted reparative regeneration in the intestine.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/farmacologia , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efeitos adversos , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Lewis/tratamento farmacológico , Mucosa Intestinal/efeitos dos fármacos , Polissacarídeos/farmacologia , Tussilago/química , Animais , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/isolamento & purificação , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/administração & dosagem , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Lewis/patologia , Cisplatino/administração & dosagem , Cisplatino/efeitos adversos , Amarelo de Eosina-(YS) , Etoposídeo/administração & dosagem , Etoposídeo/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Hematoxilina , Histocitoquímica , Mucosa Intestinal/patologia , Irinotecano/administração & dosagem , Irinotecano/efeitos adversos , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Paclitaxel/administração & dosagem , Paclitaxel/efeitos adversos , Extratos Vegetais/química , Polissacarídeos/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
Pronounced analgesic activity of the innovative compound 4-(3,4-dibromthiophencarbonyl)-2,6,8,12-tetraacethyl-2,4,6,8,10,12hexaazatetracyclo[5,5,0,03, 11,05, 9] dodecane (thiowurtzine) was observed in the thermal nociceptive hot plate test and in the acute visceral and somatic deep pain model (acetic acid writhing test). In these experimental models, naloxone-sensitive thiowurtzine-induced analgesia was revealed. The absence of tropism to peripheral opioid receptors in the acetic acid writhing test was demonstrated using naloxone methiodide. Course administration of low-toxic thiowurtzine in effective doses was not associated with ulcerogenic damage to the gastric mucosa in experimental animals.
Assuntos
Analgésicos/uso terapêutico , Dor/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Mucosa Gástrica/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Camundongos , Naloxona/uso terapêutico , Dor/fisiopatologia , Medição da Dor/métodosRESUMO
Using DNA comet assay we found that polysaccharides from Tussilago farfara L. reduced the intensity of polychemotherapy-induced apoptosis and DNA damage in bone marrow cells and small intestinal epithelium of C57Bl/6 mice, which attested to genoprotective properties of these polysaccharides.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/farmacologia , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/antagonistas & inibidores , Células da Medula Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , DNA/química , Mucosa Intestinal/efeitos dos fármacos , Polissacarídeos/farmacologia , Tussilago/química , Animais , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/isolamento & purificação , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/toxicidade , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Células da Medula Óssea/citologia , Células da Medula Óssea/metabolismo , Cisplatino/antagonistas & inibidores , Cisplatino/toxicidade , Ensaio Cometa , DNA/metabolismo , Duodeno/citologia , Duodeno/efeitos dos fármacos , Duodeno/metabolismo , Feminino , Injeções Intraperitoneais , Mucosa Intestinal/citologia , Mucosa Intestinal/metabolismo , Irinotecano/antagonistas & inibidores , Irinotecano/toxicidade , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Paclitaxel/antagonistas & inibidores , Paclitaxel/toxicidade , Extratos Vegetais/química , Polissacarídeos/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
The experiments on C57Bl/6 mice with Lewis lung carcinoma showed that addition of Tussilago farfara L. polysaccharides to conventional cisplatin/paclitaxel polychemotherapy moderated neutropenia caused by antitumor therapy and increased its efficiency. The stimulating effect of polysaccharides on the granulopoietic lineage cells is comparable with that of recombinant CSF Neupogen.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/farmacologia , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/farmacologia , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Lewis/tratamento farmacológico , Cisplatino/farmacologia , Paclitaxel/farmacologia , Polissacarídeos/farmacologia , Tussilago/química , Animais , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/isolamento & purificação , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Lewis/imunologia , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Lewis/patologia , Feminino , Filgrastim/farmacologia , Granulócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Granulócitos/imunologia , Granulócitos/patologia , Fármacos Hematológicos/farmacologia , Contagem de Leucócitos , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Extratos Vegetais/química , Polissacarídeos/isolamento & purificação , Resultado do Tratamento , Carga Tumoral/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Tumor cells can maintain their growth via immunosuppression and escape from host antitumor immunity by controlling the PD-1/PD-L1 system. Expression of PD-L1 (CD274) is an inhibitory signal for T cells, while the increase in CD326 expression in the tumor tissue correlates with metastasis development. The experimental preparation on the basis of α(1,2)-L-rhamno-α(1,4)-D-galactopyranosyluronan from Acorus calamus L. produces an antitumor effect: it reduces tumor node size and the number and area of metastases after transplantation of Lewis lung carcinoma. Using flow cytometry, we demonstrated a decrease in the population of tumor cells expressing surface CD274 (PD-L1) and CD326 antigens after 20-day course of α(1,2)-L-rhamno-α(1,4)-D-galactopyranosyluronan.
Assuntos
Acorus/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/administração & dosagem , Antígeno B7-H1/metabolismo , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Lewis/tratamento farmacológico , Molécula de Adesão da Célula Epitelial/metabolismo , Animais , Antígeno B7-H1/genética , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Lewis/metabolismo , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Lewis/patologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Molécula de Adesão da Célula Epitelial/genética , Feminino , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Raízes de Plantas/química , Ratos , Carga Tumoral , Ensaios Antitumorais Modelo de XenoenxertoRESUMO
The effects of Fructus Sorbi aucupariae extract, originally saturated with anthocyans, on the development of Lewis lung carcinoma and B-16 melanoma in C57Bl/6 mice and the efficiency of cyclophosphamide treatment were studied. Antitumor activity of the extract and potentiation of the antimetastatic activity of the cytostatic were demonstrated. Studies on melanoma B-16 model revealed an increase in the counts of stromal progenitor cells in the tumor node and their accelerated maturation after treatment with the extract. No effects towards the tumor stem and committed cells were detected.
Assuntos
Antocianinas/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos Alquilantes/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/farmacologia , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Lewis/tratamento farmacológico , Ciclofosfamida/farmacologia , Melanoma Experimental/tratamento farmacológico , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Animais , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/isolamento & purificação , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Lewis/patologia , Sinergismo Farmacológico , Quimioterapia Combinada , Feminino , Frutas/química , Injeções Intramusculares , Metástase Linfática , Melanoma Experimental/patologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Transplante de Neoplasias , Células-Tronco Neoplásicas/efeitos dos fármacos , Células-Tronco Neoplásicas/patologia , Extratos Vegetais/isolamento & purificação , Sorbus/química , Carga Tumoral/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Tumorais CultivadasRESUMO
Polysaccharides from Tussilago farfara L., Acorus calamus L., and Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench attenuated the toxic effect of fl uorouracil on the small intestinal epithelium of mice with Lewis lung carcinoma. Addition of polysaccharides to chemotherapy protocols stimulated reparative regeneration processes in the small intestine damaged by the cytostatic treatment. No stimulating effects of the polysaccharides on tumor growth and metastasizing were revealed.
Assuntos
Antimetabólitos Antineoplásicos/toxicidade , Fluoruracila/toxicidade , Intestino Delgado/patologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Animais , Antimetabólitos Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Lewis/tratamento farmacológico , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Feminino , Fluoruracila/uso terapêutico , Mucosa Intestinal/efeitos dos fármacos , Mucosa Intestinal/patologia , Intestino Delgado/efeitos dos fármacos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Transplante de NeoplasiasRESUMO
Gastroprotective effect of Cichorium intybus L. root extract is demonstrated on H. Shay's model of experimental ulcer in rats. The effect is attributed to the antisecretory activity of the plant and stimulation of defense barrier function of the gastric mucosa. The regulatory effect of the phytocomplex on seasonal characteristics of the gastric secretory and defense functions in dogs with Basov's fistula is detected.
Assuntos
Antiulcerosos/farmacologia , Cichorium intybus/química , Mucosa Gástrica/efeitos dos fármacos , Fitoterapia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Úlcera Gástrica/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Antiulcerosos/isolamento & purificação , Carbacol/farmacologia , Cães , Famotidina/farmacologia , Feminino , Fístula Gástrica , Suco Gástrico/química , Suco Gástrico/efeitos dos fármacos , Suco Gástrico/metabolismo , Mucosa Gástrica/metabolismo , Mucosa Gástrica/patologia , Masculino , Extratos Vegetais/isolamento & purificação , Raízes de Plantas/química , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Estações do Ano , Estômago/efeitos dos fármacos , Estômago/patologia , Úlcera Gástrica/patologiaRESUMO
We studied antiulcer activity of the extracts of ecdysteroid-containing plants of the Caryophyllaceae family: Lychnis chalcedonica L., Silene viridiflora L.Sp.Pl., and Silene frivaldszkyana Hampe. Experiments on the model of neurogenic and aspirin-induced ulcerogenesis showed unidirectional and pronounced gastroprotective effects of S. viridiflora and L. chalcedonica extracts comparable to the efficacy of famotidine. In these models, a course of intragastric treatment with the extracts reduced ulcerative lesions of all types.
Assuntos
Antiulcerosos/farmacologia , Ecdisteroides/análise , Lychnis/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Silene/química , Úlcera Gástrica/prevenção & controle , Animais , Etanol , Feminino , Camundongos , Espectrofotometria Ultravioleta , Estatísticas não ParamétricasRESUMO
The effects of nonstarch polysaccharides with different molecular weights on the development of Lewis' lung carcinoma and efficiency of cyclophosphamide therapy in mice were studied. Treatment with these substances with low molecular weights (<30 kDa) caused no changes in the primary tumor growth, but inhibited its metastasizing, while nonstarch polysaccharides with high molecular weights (>400 kDa) inhibited the growth of Lewis' lung carcinoma node. Antimetastatic effects of cyclophosphamide were stimulated by low and high molecular weight polysaccharides.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Pulmonar de Lewis/tratamento farmacológico , Ciclofosfamida/uso terapêutico , Polissacarídeos/uso terapêutico , Animais , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Lewis/patologia , Sinergismo Farmacológico , Feminino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Peso MolecularRESUMO
The pharmacological properties of plant polysaccharides are reviewed and original experimental data on the properties of water-soluble polysaccharides isolated from Acorus calamus L. are presented. The possibility of using plant (in particular, Acorus calamus) polysaccharides to increase the effectiveness of anticancer treatment of transferred tumors and to reduce the toxic effects of cytostatic treatment on the normal cells of blood, liver, and epithelium of thin intestine in experimental animals has been demonstrated.
Assuntos
Acorus/química , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Citotoxinas/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Polissacarídeos/uso terapêutico , Animais , Antineoplásicos/química , Citotoxinas/química , Humanos , Polissacarídeos/químicaRESUMO
The effects of various alginate forms on the development of transplanted tumors in mice and efficiency of cytostatic therapy were studied. High-molecular-weight Ca and Na alginates, acid-soluble hydrolysate, and sodium alginate fraction inhibited the growth of Ehrlich adenocarcinoma. The use of acid-insoluble sodium alginate in chemotherapy protocol improved the treatment efficiency. All alginate forms inhibited metastasizing of Lewis pulmonary carcinoma; in combination with cyclophosphamide they potentiated its antimetastatic effect.
Assuntos
Alginatos/uso terapêutico , Animais , Carcinoma de Ehrlich/tratamento farmacológico , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Lewis/tratamento farmacológico , Feminino , Ácido Glucurônico/uso terapêutico , Ácidos Hexurônicos/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Transplante de NeoplasiasRESUMO
Experiments on C57B1/6 mice showed that ginsenoside Rh2 inhibited the growth and metastasis process of Lewis lung tumor and increased the antitumor and antimetastatic effects of cyclophosphamide. On the model of transferred melanoma B-16, ginsenoside Rh2 showed a tendency to increase the antiblastome effect of the cytostatic drug.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Lewis/tratamento farmacológico , Citostáticos/farmacologia , Ginsenosídeos/farmacologia , Animais , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Feminino , Melanoma/tratamento farmacológico , CamundongosRESUMO
Standard models of experimental ulceration (of neurogenic origin, H. Shay ulcer, indomethacine-, ethanol-, prednisolone-, histamine- and acetate-induced ulcers) were used to demonstrate protective effect of non-starch polysaccharides (potassium alginate, potassium pectate, low-esterified pectin). Potassium pectate proved to be the most efficacious protector. Mechanism of its anti-ulcerative action is attributable to antacidic, cytoprotective, and reparative activity. It appeals to optimally stimulate the motor-evacuation function and, besides, exhibits marked anti-inflammatory activity.
Assuntos
Alginatos/uso terapêutico , Materiais Biocompatíveis/uso terapêutico , Esvaziamento Gástrico/efeitos dos fármacos , Pectinas/uso terapêutico , Polissacarídeos/uso terapêutico , Úlcera Gástrica/tratamento farmacológico , Administração Oral , Alginatos/administração & dosagem , Animais , Antidiarreicos/administração & dosagem , Antidiarreicos/uso terapêutico , Materiais Biocompatíveis/administração & dosagem , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Portadores de Fármacos , Feminino , Ácido Glucurônico/administração & dosagem , Ácido Glucurônico/uso terapêutico , Ácidos Hexurônicos/administração & dosagem , Ácidos Hexurônicos/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Camundongos , Pectinas/administração & dosagem , Polissacarídeos/administração & dosagem , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Úlcera Gástrica/fisiopatologia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Calcium pectate has been found to exhibit an antiulcer activity in rats with model of chronic ulcers. Course treatment of the experimental animals with calcium pectate (i) accelerated the repair of experimental damage due to better integrity and higher secretory activity of epithelium and (ii) decreased hemodynamic disorders in surrounding mucous and epithelial membranes. The maximum effect, which was achieved with calcium pectate in a dose of 50 mg/kg, exceeded the action of the reference drug maalox on both 14th and 21st days of experiment.