Revisión de la poliposis gástrica: a propósito de un caso operado por laparoscopia, con protocolo fast track / Review of gastric polyposis: about a case operated by laparoscopy, with fast track protocol

Resumen Introducción: Los pólipos gástricos suelen ser hallazgos en la endoscopia digestiva alta. Objetivo: Realizar una revisión de los pólipos gástricos más frecuentes y presentar un caso de manejo de estos con gastrectomía total laparoscópica según el protocolo fast track. Caso clínico: Se presenta el caso de un paciente hombre de 46 años, sin antecedentes mórbidos con poliposis difusa del estómago sintomática, en el que se realiza una gastrectomía total laparoscópica siguiendo el protocolo fast track, siendo dado de alta al cuarto día posoperatorio. Discusión: Los pólipos gástricos más frecuentes son los hiperplásicos, de glándula fúndica, adenomas e inflamatorios. Es fundamental obtener biopsias de estos ya que su histología comandará su manejo y pronóstico. En algunos casos, la gastrectomía total es la indicación debido a su riesgo de malignidad o sintomatología. El protocolo fast track ha demostrado ser una modalidad de manejo posoperatorio que disminuye el tiempo de estadía hospitalaria y presenta una recuperación precoz en comparación con la práctica habitual, sin comprometer la seguridad del paciente.

Introduction: Gastric polyps are commonly found incidentally on upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Objective: Review the most common gastric polyps and present a case of symptomatic polyps managed with laparoscopic total gastrectomy following the fast track protocol. Clinical case: Patient with symptomatic diffuse gastric polyps who had a total laparoscopic gastrectomy following the fast track protocol, who is discharged at home at fourth day post-surgery. Discussion: The most common are hyperplastic polyps, fundic gland polyps, adenomas and inflammatory fibroid polyps. Is very important to obtain biopsies to assess the histology and malignant potential. In certain cases a total gastrectomy is recommended. The fast track rehabilitation protocol is a safe method to decrease hospital stay and improve recovery.

Economic thresholds for Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on Citrus clementina.

Different levels of Aphis gossypii Glover were maintained on clementine trees by means of isolation inside mesh cages. Clementine yield loss was correlated with the number of aphids per square meter of canopy, obtaining the corresponding formula. Starting from this formula, the economic injury level (EIL) was calculated as follows: [218,333C + 11,130.6 VP0K]/[57.08 VP0K - 100C] = EIL (aphids/m2), where C = total insecticide cost per hectare, V = fruit price per kilogram, P0 = yield per hectare of a minimum pest level orchard, and K = reduction of injury due to treatment. Starting from the EIL, the economic threshold, the environmental EIL, and the environmental economic threshold were obtained. Formulae relating the number of aphids per square meter with other simpler indices expressing these thresholds (percentage of infested shoots, infested shoots per 0.25 m2 ring, index of infestation, percentage of occupied rings, and number of weekly captured aphids in a yellow trap) also were calculated.