[Primary retroperitoneal hydatid cyst]. / Quiste hidatídico retroperitoneal primario.

OBJECTIVE: To review the pathogenesis, clinical features and treatment of a rarely observed site of presentation of hydatid cyst. METHODS/RESULTS: A case of an isolated retroperitoneal hydatid cyst is presented. Diagnosis was based on the immunodiagnostic test and radiological examination. Treatment was by surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Isolated retroperitoneal hydatic cyst is rare. The abdominal mass is the most frequent sign, and less frequently, concomitant compressive syndrome. Diagnosis is based on the biological examinations, percutaneous puncture and radiological findings. Treatment is by surgery. Azoles are useful for intraoperative ruptured cysts and to reduce the risk of recurrence.

[Spontaneous retroperitoneal hemorrhage]. / Hemorragia retroperitoneal espontánea.

OBJECTIVE: The etiology of spontaneous retroperitoneal hemorrhage is analyzed and the clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects are discussed. METHODS/RESULTS: Two cases of spontaneous retroperitoneal hemorrhage from a ruptured adenocarcinoma of the kidney are reported. Both patients presented the characteristic Lenk's triad. Definitive diagnosis was made on the CT findings and treatment was by nephrectomy. CONCLUSIONS: The most common cause of retroperitoneal hemorrhage arising from the kidney is a tumor. Treatment is based on the underlying cause of the underlying cause of the hemorrhage and the patient's hemodynamic status.

[Metastatic carcinoma of the penis: clinical assessment, treatment, and review of the literature]. / Carcinoma metastásico de pene: evaluación clínica, tratamiento y revisión de la literatura.

OBJECTIVE: To review the pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of metastatic carcinoma of the penis. METHODS: We report four cases of metastatic carcinoma of the penis with special reference to the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment. RESULTS: Two cases were due to prostatic cancer and the rest were secondary to bladder cancer and colorectal cancer. All patients received palliative treatment and survival has been poor. CONCLUSIONS: Penile metastases are rare and are usually secondary to other genitourinary primaries, priapism is the most frequent symptom, although increased penile size, ulceration and nodes formation have also been described. Diagnosis must be established by biopsy of the lesion to rule out other benign disease. Treatment is generally palliative; the options of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are available. Hyperthermia in combination with radiation therapy has been shown to be an effective modality in the treatment of penile metastases. Prognosis, however, is very poor.

[Uses of endoscopic video-camera in open surgery]. / Usos de la vídeo-cámara endoscópica en cirugía abierta.

OBJECTIVES: To describe a method to obtain images of open surgery at the lowest possible cost. The images provide useful information for patient records and teaching. METHODS: We have utilized a submersible endoscopic camera with no special features, close up lenses or automatic focussing device and a color printer. RESULTS: The quality of the images are similar to those obtained with a more sophisticated video camera. The pictures were processed with a video printer. CONCLUSIONS: We believe that using the endoscopic camera in open surgery is a low-cost alternative to the more sophisticated video camera systems.

[Spontaneous perirenal hematoma. Report of 2 cases]. / Hematoma perirrenal espontáneo. Aportación de dos casos.

We report on two cases of spontaneous perirenal hematoma secondary to ruptured angiomyolipoma in a patient with tuberous sclerosis and another patient with a simple renal cyst. The diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of this rare disease entity are discussed.

[Syringocele of the Cowper's glands in adults: presentation of a case]. / Siringocele de las glándulas de Cowper en el adulto: presentación de un caso.

Enlargement of Cowper gland ductus (syringocoeles) is an uncommon lesion, normally found in children and young adults. The paper presents a case of one adult syringocoele, treated through transurethral route, and reviews the lesion's etiology, clinic, radiology and therapy.

[Elongation of the balano-preputial frenulum using a very simple technic]. / Elongación del frenillo balanoprepucial con una técnica muy sencilla.

A new technique to achieve, elongation of frenulum is described. The procedure is simple, exsanguine, and can be performed quickly. The results obtained with this procedure is similar to those obtained with traditional techniques.