Papillion-Lefèvre Syndrome: Periodontists' Perspective.

Papillion-Lefèvre Syndrome is a very rare disorder of autosomal recessive inheritance distinguished by palmar plantar hyperkeratosis and early onset of periodontitis affecting the dentition. Genetic studies have identified a mutation in the major gene locus of chromosome 11q14 with loss of function. Cathepsin C gene is to be responsible for Papillion-Lefèvre Syndrome. The present case report describes a 13-year-old female, who visited the Department of Periodontology with the chief compliant of bleeding gums and loose teeth. She presented with the signs and symptoms of Papillion-Lefèvre Syndrome. The patient had premature shedding of her deciduous dentition. On clinical examination, extraorally, the patient presented with persistent thickening, flaking, and scaling of the skin of palms and soles. Her intraoral examination revealed gingival inflammation, abscess formation, and periodontal pockets. Her intraoral radiographs showed bone loss involving the central incisors and molars. The patient underwent periodontal therapy and is under maintenance.

Localized interdental bone necrosis: a case report.

Restorative dentistry involves use of various intracoronal and intracanal medicaments. Commonly used endodontic medicaments include paraformaldehyde, sodium hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide. These agents are caustic and in higher and in inappropriate concentrations can cause immediate damage to the surrounding hard and/or soft tissues. Proper knowledge of such agents and careful use of such intracanal medicaments is necessary to avoid iatrogenic injuries. This report presented a case of localized alveolar bone necrosis which is an iatrogenic damage occurred because of improper use of intracanal medicaments and improper management of carious tooth structure. Subsequent management of the case is also discussed in this case report.

Association between obesity and chronic periodontitis: a cross-sectional study.

AIM: Chronic periodontitis is multifactorial and numerous risk factors have been identified to contribute in the disease progression. Current study aimed to conduct a cross-sectional study in a population of patients with cardiovascular diseases in order to correlate the association between obesity [body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC)] and periodontal disease parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was of a cross-sectional design and a total of 201 patients were examined after obtaining their informed consent. Subjects who had a history of cardiovascular diseases and under treatment were included in the study. Two indicators of obesity were used: BMI and WC. The following periodontal parameters were assessed: Probing depth, clinical attachment level. The oral hygiene status of the subjects was assessed by the oral hygiene index (OHI, simplified) given by John C Greene and Jack R Vermillion. The influence of the BMI and other confounding variables on periodontitis severity was assessed by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Data were analyzed using SPSS. RESULTS: Significant association was seen with low density lipoproteins (LDL) and severity of periodontitis (p < 0.005), triglyceride levels (TGL) and severity of periodontitis (p < 0.005), cholesterol and severity of periodontitis (p < 0.005), BMI and severity of periodontitis (p < 0.001), OHI and severity of periodontitis (p < 0.001). Significant association was seen with smoking and severity of periodontitis (p < 0.005), BMI and severity of periodontitis (p < 0.001), WC and severity of periodontitis (p < 0.001), cholesterol and severity of periodontitis (p < 0.001), OHI and severity of periodontitis (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Obesity has been implicated as a risk factor for several conditions including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, etc. In our study the relation between measures of overall and abdominal obesity (BMI and WC) and periodontal disease showed significant association in the multivariate logistic regression analysis independent of other confounding factors. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Obesity can act as a significant risk factor in progression of periodontitis.

Binuclear cobalt(II), nickel(II), copper(II) and palladium(II) complexes of a new Schiff-base as ligand: synthesis, structural characterization, and antibacterial activity.

A binucleating new Schiff-base ligand with a phenylene spacer, afforded by the condensation of glycyl-glycine and o-phthalaldehyde has been served as an octadentate N4O4 ligand in designing some binuclear complexes of cobalt(II), nickel(II), copper(II), and palladium(II). The binding manner of the ligand to the metal and the composition and geometry of the metal complexes were examined by elemental analysis, conductivity measurements, magnetic moments, IR, ¹H, ¹³C NMR, ESR and electronic spectroscopies, and TGA measurements. There are two different coordination/chelation environments present around two metal centers of each binuclear complex. The composition of the complexes in the coordination sphere was found to be [M2(L)(H(2)O)4] (where M=Co(II) and Ni(II)) and [M2(L)] (where M=Cu(II) and Pd(II)). In the case of Cu(II) complexes, ESR spectra provided further information to confirm the binuclear structure and the presence of magnetic interactions. All the above metal complexes have shown moderate to good antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

Lipid storage myopathies with unusual clinical manifestations.

We describe the clinical presentation, course and pathologic findings found in three adult patients with lipid storage myopathy. Excessive lipid storage was found in Type 1 fibers of muscle. Clinical improvement on oral levo-carnitine therapy suggests the possibility of carnitine deficiency as the most likely etiology in two of the patients and one had mitochondrial myopathy confirmed on genetic analysis.