RESUMO
Language is a vital component of cognition essential for communication. Proficiency in more than one language has become a norm for many in the current era of globalisation. In neurogenerative conditions decline in language ability leads to early dependency. Studies have reported higher cognitive reserve in multilingual compared to monolinguals. Determining preserved language skills in a patient presenting with cognitive concerns helps in understanding the cognitive reserve, early signs of dementia, the extent of impairment due to language deficits and planning for cognitive stimulation. In this article, we have described an elderly woman with multilinguistic abilities who presented with semantic dementia.
Assuntos
Reserva Cognitiva , Demência Frontotemporal , Multilinguismo , Idoso , Cognição , Feminino , Demência Frontotemporal/diagnóstico , Humanos , IdiomaAssuntos
Agressão/efeitos dos fármacos , Benzodiazepinas/efeitos adversos , Clonazepam/efeitos adversos , Lorazepam/efeitos adversos , Agitação Psicomotora/tratamento farmacológico , Transtornos do Sono-Vigília/induzido quimicamente , Idoso , Benzodiazepinas/uso terapêutico , Clonazepam/uso terapêutico , Moduladores GABAérgicos/efeitos adversos , Moduladores GABAérgicos/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Lorazepam/uso terapêutico , MasculinoRESUMO
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is increasingly being recognised to be associated with protean neuropsychiatric manifestations. Anti-NMDAR encephalitis is considered to be the most common amongst the autoimmune-mediated encephalitic disorders. It is caused by the autoantibodies against GluN1 subunits of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor and manifests with prominent psychiatric symptoms, especially during the initial phase of illness. Literature anti-NMDAR encephalitis presenting with postpartum psychosis is scant. In this report, we present a 28-year-old lady with postpartum psychosis as presenting manifestation of anti-NMDAR encephalitis and discuss the neuropsychiatric manifestations of this emerging entity.
Assuntos
Encefalite Antirreceptor de N-Metil-D-Aspartato/diagnóstico , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagem , Catatonia/etiologia , Período Pós-Parto , Transtornos Psicóticos/etiologia , Convulsões/etiologia , Adulto , Encefalite Antirreceptor de N-Metil-D-Aspartato/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Encefalite Antirreceptor de N-Metil-D-Aspartato/tratamento farmacológico , Autoanticorpos/imunologia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Gravidez , Transtornos Psicóticos/diagnóstico , Receptores de N-Metil-D-Aspartato/imunologia , Esteroides/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Hypersomnia presents as excessive daytime sleepiness with a prevalence of 7.1% in general population. Hypersomnia has serious negative effects on persons functioning. The aetiology of hypersomnia can be due to neurological conditions, primary sleep disorders, Substance induced, Psychiatric disorders and idiopathic. Klein-Levin syndrome (KLS) is condition characterised by hypersomnia, hyperphagia and hypersexuality. Among the psychiatric disorders, hypersomnia is seen in bipolar depression. In bipolar disorder, hypersomnia can be present during the depressive episode and also inter-episodically. Here is a case report on hypersomnia and diagnostic challenges.
Assuntos
Transtorno Bipolar/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Kleine-Levin/diagnóstico , Transtorno Bipolar/complicações , Transtorno Bipolar/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Síndrome de Kleine-Levin/etiologia , Síndrome de Kleine-Levin/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Sheehan's syndrome occurs as a result of ischemic pituitary necrosis due to severe postpartum haemorrhage. It is one of the most common causes of hypopituitarism in underdeveloped or developing countries. Characteristic manifestations include failure to lactate or to resume menses, genital and axillary hair loss, asthenia and weakness, fine wrinkles around the eyes and lips, signs of premature aging, dry skin, hypopigmentation and other evidence of hypopituitarism. Uncommonly it can present with psychosis. There are only few case reports of psychoses in patients with Sheehan's syndrome. Our case report illustrates the relationship between psychosis and Sheehan's syndrome. The treatment challenges in managing Sheehan's syndrome and psychosis are discussed.
