RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Good consultation skills help physicians to diagnose the problems of the patient more accurately, and foster a therapeutic relationship. We describe a pilot study that used role-play with peers as a method to sensitize first clinical year medical students to consultation skills Methods. Students were divided into groups of three where one acted as a doctor, the second as a patient and the third as an observer. Students were asked to perform a role-play of a prepared clinical scenario where the patient had a hidden fear of malignancy. Observations were recorded in a simplified Calgary-Cambridge consultation checklist. Students' feedback and their emotions written after the role-play were analysed and discussed. Assessment of their learning was done with an objective structured clinical examination. RESULTS: Students' feedback revealed that they were sensitized to the importance of starting the consultation with an open question, listening to the opening statement, non-verbal.
Assuntos
Competência Clínica , Educação de Graduação em Medicina/métodos , Anamnese , Relações Médico-Paciente , Encaminhamento e Consulta , Humanos , Simulação de Paciente , Projetos PilotoRESUMO
We investigated the expression of methyl transferase G9a and methylated histone H3-K9 in fresh human decidual/endometrial tissue of 12 normal early pregnancies and 15 unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortions (URSA). The samples were obtained through dilatation and curettage and collected as per strict inclusion-exclusion criteria. The tissue was subjected to immunohistochemical analysis (IHC), western blotting (WB) and RT-PCR analysis. The results demonstrated methyl transferase G9a to have a lower expression in abortions when compared with that in normal pregnancy (P < 0.05). The sensitivity of RT-PCR, IHC and WB were respectively 66.67, 75 and 71.43%, while specificity of the same were 66.67, 60 and 78.92%, respectively. Methylated histone H3-K9 was significantly lower (P < 0.0001) in URSA tissues than in controls. This study suggests that methylation may cause URSA and indicates the need for further work to explore the role of methylation in URSA and its possible prevention through locally acting methylating/demethylating agents.
Assuntos
Aborto Espontâneo/enzimologia , Aborto Espontâneo/genética , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidade/metabolismo , Histona-Lisina N-Metiltransferase/metabolismo , Metiltransferases/metabolismo , Gravidez , Aborto Espontâneo/metabolismo , Adulto , Western Blotting , Feminino , Histona Metiltransferases , Humanos , Metilação , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Complicações na Gravidez/metabolismo , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The presence of both of the testes in one scrotal sac is one of the very rare presentations of testicular ectopia, which is known as transverse testicular ectopia (TTE) and is also known as crossed testicular ectopia. The presence of the uterus and fallopian tubes in a normally virilized male is termed as persistent Müllerian duct syndrome (PMDS). We report a case of an adult male who had a unique combination of both TTE and PMDS presenting as an incarcerated inguinal hernia.
