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1.
J Biol Regul Homeost Agents ; 33(3): 929-933, 2019.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31184098

RESUMO

Newcastle disease (ND) and avian influenza (AI) are globally considered as a serious threat to the chicken and other avian species. The paramyxovirus type 1 and orthomyxovirus type A are RNA viruses, which cause ND and AI infection, respectively.


Assuntos
Coinfecção/veterinária , Influenza Aviária/patologia , Doença de Newcastle/patologia , Tropismo Viral , Animais , Galinhas , Coinfecção/virologia , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H9N2 , Vírus da Doença de Newcastle
2.
Vet Pathol ; 53(4): 792-6, 2016 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26940837

RESUMO

In the past few years, Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strains with epizootic characteristics belonging to subgenotypes VIIi and XIIIb emerged in the Middle East and Asia. In this study, 2 NDV strains-1 representative of subgenotype VIIi isolated in Israel (Kvuzat/13) and 1 representative of subgenotype XIIIb isolated in Pakistan (Karachi/07)-were characterized by intracerebral pathogenicity index and detailed clinicopathologic assessment. The intracerebral pathogenicity index values for Kvuzat/13 and Karachi/07 were 1.89 and 1.85, respectively, classifying these strains as virulent by international standards. In 4-week-old White Leghorn chickens, both strains caused 100% mortality within 4 (Kvuzat/13) and 5 (Karachi/07) days postinfection. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry for NDV nucleoprotein showed that both strains had wide systemic distribution, especially targeting lymphoid organs and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues in the respiratory and intestinal tracts. Results of the animal experiment confirm that both Kvuzat/13 and Karachi/07 are highly virulent and behaved as velogenic viscerotropic NDV strains.


Assuntos
Doença de Newcastle/diagnóstico , Vírus da Doença de Newcastle/isolamento & purificação , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/diagnóstico , Animais , Galinhas , Intestinos/patologia , Intestinos/virologia , Israel , Linfócitos/patologia , Linfócitos/virologia , Doença de Newcastle/metabolismo , Doença de Newcastle/patologia , Doença de Newcastle/virologia , Vírus da Doença de Newcastle/patogenicidade , Proteínas do Nucleocapsídeo , Nucleoproteínas/genética , Nucleoproteínas/metabolismo , Paquistão , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/metabolismo , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/patologia , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/virologia , Sistema Respiratório/patologia , Sistema Respiratório/virologia , Proteínas Virais/genética , Proteínas Virais/metabolismo
3.
Vet Microbiol ; 50(1-2): 157-60, 1996 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8810017

RESUMO

Enterocytes were detached from various parts of the digestive tract of chickens by treatment with DTT or with hyaluronidase. Isolated enterocytes were exposed to suspensions of the V4 strain of Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Removal of virus from the supernatant fluid was taken as evidence of binding of virus to enterocytes and residual virus was measured both by infectivity assay and by ELISA. Enterocytes from duodenum, jejunum, ileum, caecum, and rectum bound the virus; enterocytes from oesophagus, crop and proventriculus did not.


Assuntos
Galinhas , Sistema Digestório/metabolismo , Vírus da Doença de Newcastle/metabolismo , Receptores Virais/metabolismo , Vacinas Virais/farmacologia , Animais , Galinhas/virologia , Sistema Digestório/citologia , Sistema Digestório/virologia , Vírus da Doença de Newcastle/imunologia
4.
Vet Microbiol ; 46(1-3): 43-6, 1995 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8545977

RESUMO

Enterocytes were detached from various parts of the digestive tract of chickens by treatment with DTT or with hyaluronidase. Isolated enterocytes were exposed to suspensions of the V4 strain of Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Removal of virus from the supernatant fluid was taken as evidence of binding of virus to enterocytes and residual virus was measured both by infectivity assay and by ELISA. Enterocytes from duodenum, jejunum, ileum, caecum, and rectum bound the virus; enterocytes from oesophagus, crop and proventriculus did not.


Assuntos
Sistema Digestório/virologia , Vírus da Doença de Newcastle/fisiologia , Receptores Virais/fisiologia , Animais , Separação Celular , Galinhas , Fenômenos Fisiológicos do Sistema Digestório , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Epitélio/fisiologia , Epitélio/virologia , Hialuronoglucosaminidase , Mucosa Intestinal/fisiologia , Mucosa Intestinal/virologia , Especificidade de Órgãos
5.
Vet Microbiol ; 46(1-3): 47-53, 1995 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8545978

RESUMO

Newcastle disease in village chickens in developing countries can now be controlled with vaccines containing thermostable, avirulent V4 virus delivered on food. Logistical problems arise because 7 to 10 g of food vaccine must be allowed for each chicken. Lactose-based pellets have been prepared that contain an immunizing dose of V4 virus in a single pellet, even after long periods of storage. Protective levels of antibody were generated in chickens fed individual pellets, or in groups of chickens fed vaccine pellets mixed with normal food. Chickens receiving vaccine pellets developed a level of protection against challenge with virulent Newcastle disease virus similar to that achieved with vaccine added to food. This process when refined will allow the preparation of vaccine in regional laboratories and delivery without refrigeration to villages.


Assuntos
Doença de Newcastle/prevenção & controle , Vírus da Doença de Newcastle/imunologia , Vacinas Virais/administração & dosagem , Administração Oral , Ração Animal , Animais , Anticorpos Antivirais/biossíntese , Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Formação de Anticorpos , Austrália , Embrião de Galinha , Galinhas , Estabilidade de Medicamentos , Testes de Inibição da Hemaglutinação , Lactose , Doença de Newcastle/imunologia , Vírus da Doença de Newcastle/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Fatores de Tempo
6.
Vet Microbiol ; 46(1-3): 55-62, 1995 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8545979

RESUMO

Successful oral vaccination of chickens with Newcastle disease (ND) depends on the survival of vaccine virus on the grains that are used as carriers. Some interactions between grains and the V4 strain of ND virus (NDV) were studied. Crude saline washings were prepared from several grains - rice (unhusked, brown, white and boiled white), sorghum, millet, wheat, maize and barley - and tested for lectin activity, as indicated by agglutination of chicken erythrocytes. Only washings from unhusked rice, sorghum and millet failed to haemagglutinate. None of the crude washings antagonised the haemagglutinating activity of NDV, and the washing from white rice produced an 8-fold enhancement. The presence of lectins in the washings from rice, wheat and barley was confirmed by purifying a substance with N-acetyl-D-glucosamine specificity. Only the crude extract from white rice had any profound effect on infectivity, reducing the infectivity titre by 99.99%. It is not known if the viricidal substance is identical with the lectin. Of 9 commercial lectins tested, only ConA bound the V4 virus.


Assuntos
Ração Animal , Testes de Hemaglutinação , Lectinas , Vírus da Doença de Newcastle/imunologia , Vacinas Virais , Animais , Galinhas , Grão Comestível , Eritrócitos/imunologia , Vírus da Doença de Newcastle/patogenicidade , Lectinas de Plantas , Vacinas Virais/administração & dosagem , Virulência
7.
Vet Microbiol ; 46(1-3): 63-8, 1995 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8545980

RESUMO

Living V4 strain Newcastle disease vaccine was given to chickens orally. The inclusion of DEAE-dextran, Quil-A or TiterMax in the vaccine, or delivering the vaccine as Iscoms, did not enhance the serological response. The immediate serological response to living V4 vaccine was enhanced in the presence of Avridine. Chickens produced a low serological response to oral administration of inactivated V4 vaccine. This response was not enhanced in the presence of Avridine.


Assuntos
Doença de Newcastle/imunologia , Vírus da Doença de Newcastle/imunologia , Vacinas de Produtos Inativados/administração & dosagem , Vacinas Virais/administração & dosagem , Adjuvantes Imunológicos , Administração Oral , Animais , Anticorpos Antivirais/biossíntese , Formação de Anticorpos , Embrião de Galinha , Galinhas , DEAE-Dextrano , Testes de Inibição da Hemaglutinação , Doença de Newcastle/prevenção & controle , Vírus da Doença de Newcastle/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Poloxaleno , Saponinas de Quilaia , Saponinas
8.
Pak J Pharm Sci ; 2(1): 59-64, 1989 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16414638

RESUMO

Effect of live mesogenic strains of Mukteswar and Komarov ND vaccines was studied on the egg production of laying birds. The results showed that pullets vaccinated with Mukteswar ND vaccine produced more eggs than the Komarov vaccinated or non vaccinated birds. The peak egg production was noted at the age of 29 weeks in these birds and this latter decreased. When birds were re-vaccinated with the same vaccine and route, at the age of 32 weeks, the egg production again increased to 81%. Intra muscular vaccination with Komarov ND vaccine demonstrated 11% less egg production than the birds vaccinated with Mukteswar ND vaccine. In all the experiments, birds were found to be severely affected by the hot weather resulting in a drop of egg production.

9.
Avian Dis ; 30(2): 340-4, 1986.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3729878

RESUMO

Lectin-binding profiles were developed for 14 strains of Newcastle disease virus in order to determine the carbohydrate moieties associated with hemagglutination and to establish whether there are any associations between the carbohydrates present on the virus envelope and virulence. All strains of Newcastle disease virus were bound by concanavalin A. Other lectins bound the viruses differentially, but there was no pattern of binding that could be associated with viral virulence. The binding of virus by Lens culinaris lectin was associated with the elution rate of the virus from chicken erythrocytes. Strains that elute rapidly from chicken erythrocytes were not bound by Lens culinaris lectin. The sugar alpha-D-N-acetylglucosamine inhibited the adsorption of Lens culinaris lectin to the strains that were "slow eluters" from chicken erythrocytes.


Assuntos
Metabolismo dos Carboidratos , Hemaglutininas Virais/análise , Lectinas/metabolismo , Vírus da Doença de Newcastle/metabolismo , Acetilgalactosamina/metabolismo , Acetilglucosamina/metabolismo
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