RESUMO
The comorbidity between attention deficit disorder (ADD) and anxiety and/or depressive disorders was examined in the children of parents with panic disorder, major depressive disorder, or with no diagnosis. A child received a diagnosis by a self-report, parent report, and by consensus, using a best estimate procedure. The prevalence rates of ADD were significantly greater in offspring of parents with depressive and panic disorder by the parents' report and in children of depressed parents by consensus. A significant relationship between ADD and anxiety and/or depression was found for parent, child, and consensus diagnoses. Higher rates of ADD were reported by children (1% versus 13%), parents (8% versus 31%), and in the consensus diagnoses (13% versus 29%) when anxiety and/or depression was present. These results suggest that in children referred for evaluation of ADD, the possibility of a primary anxiety or depressive disorder should be considered.
Assuntos
Transtornos de Ansiedade/genética , Transtorno do Deficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade/genética , Transtorno Depressivo/genética , Adolescente , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Fatores de Risco , SíndromeRESUMO
Intravascular volume changes are reported to affect the clinical and echocardiographic spectrum of patients with known mitral valve prolapse syndrome (MVPS). We tested whether acute blood loss can produce MVP in normal adults. Twenty-one subjects were studied with Doppler echocardiography before and after donating 550 ml whole blood. Two subjects demonstrated minimal (1+) prolapse postphlebotomy, but in only one echocardiographic view, and without mitral regurgitation by Doppler. Three subjects demonstrated slight, early (not late or pansystolic) mitral regurgitation after phlebotomy, but without prolapse. Left atrial dimensions decreased significantly after the blood donation but the left ventricular size was not significantly smaller. The 1+ MVP is within the range of superior systolic motion found in 35% of a normal population, free of heart disease, and without intervention. We find no evidence in our study or in the literature that pathologic degrees of MVP can be produced in normal subjects by physiologic alteration in blood volume.
Assuntos
Volume Sanguíneo , Prolapso da Valva Mitral/epidemiologia , Sangria , Ecocardiografia , Humanos , Insuficiência da Valva Mitral/diagnóstico , Prolapso da Valva Mitral/diagnóstico , SístoleRESUMO
Serum and saliva cortisol levels were determined in 34 depressed and nondepressed children and adolescents. The serum and salivary measures were highly correlated. The measurement of salivary cortisol may be a useful noninvasive technique in the study of cortisol secretion patterns in young subjects.
Assuntos
Transtorno Depressivo/diagnóstico , Hidrocortisona/análise , Saliva/análise , Adolescente , Fatores Etários , Criança , Transtorno Depressivo/sangue , Humanos , Hidrocortisona/sangueRESUMO
A course of 10 weekly hemodialyses was conducted on a young adult female with infantile autism. Multiple parameters were measured to assess outcome. No significant changes were noted in her mood, behavior, or cognitive functioning. Several other autistic individuals were evaluated for the study but were felt to have either behavioral or cognitive limitations, which made the procedure unsafe. It is concluded that hemodialysis in a larger group of autistic individuals was not justified.
