Sleep Duration and Timing in the Medium- to Long-Term Post-Bariatric Surgery.

Sleep duration improves short-term following bariatric surgery; however, little is known about its association with bodyweight medium- to long-term post-surgery. The purpose of this study was to describe sleep duration and its relationship with BMI and body composition. Forty-nine individuals, with a BMI of 36.6 ± 9.8 kg/m2, regained 26.4 ± 17.8% of their lost weight 9.5 ± 3.3 years post-surgery (range 3-16 years). Sleep logs and ActivPAL3 accelerometers were used to assess sleep duration. Participants averaged 7.9 ± 1.6 h/day and 8.5 ± 1.7 h/day of sleep for weekdays and weekends, respectively (P < 0.01). A positive association between delta weekend-weekday sleep timing midpoint with BMI (ß = 0.03, 95% CI = 0.01, 0.06; P = 0.01) was noted in the multivariable-adjusted model. On average, this sample achieved recommended sleep durations medium- to long-term post-surgery. Having an earlier sleep timing midpoint during the weekend may be associated with lower BMI.

Week and Weekend Day Cadence Patterns Long-Term Post-Bariatric Surgery.

Obesity can negatively influence walking cadence, reducing the overall intensity of daily activities and increasing the risk of weight gain. PURPOSE: Objectively describe the walking cadence of individuals' long-term post-bariatric surgery. METHODS: Fifty-eight participants, 51.2 ± 8.9 years old, with a BMI of 34.6 ± 10.1 kg/m2, 10.0 ± 3.1 years post-surgery wore an activPAL accelerometer for 7 consecutive days. Data was analyzed using participants' current BMI, dichotomized by obesity status, < or ≥ 30 kg/m2. RESULTS: On average, participants walked 5124 ± 2549 steps/day on weekdays and 6097 ± 2786 steps/day on weekend days (p = .003). Participants spent the majority (75%) of their daily steps at a slow-walking average cadence (non-obese: week = 65.3 ± 5.0 steps/min and weekend = 63.8 ± 6.7 steps/min; obese: week = 67.8 ± 8.2 steps/min and weekend = 63.3 ± 6.9 steps/min), with no difference between groups for week or weekend days (p = .153 and .774). The cadence of participants with obesity was significantly lower on weekends compared to weekdays for walking events > 30 s (p = .002) and > 60 s (p = .008) in duration. Weekday cadence of participants without obesity was similar to weekend day cadence across all walking event durations. The majority of walking events occurred below 30 s in duration for all participants. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term post-bariatric surgery, movement occurs in short duration bouts at a slow-walking cadence for the majority of movement. Individuals without obesity had similar movement patterns from week to weekend days while participants with obesity significantly lowered their cadence on weekend days.

Effect of Employment Status on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Long-Term Post-Bariatric Surgery.

INTRODUCTION: Inactivity and weight regain are serious problems post-bariatric surgery. Nearly half of waking time is spent at work, representing an opportunity to accumulate physical activity and help avoid weight regain. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate potential differences in physical activity and sedentary time by employment status post-bariatric surgery. METHODS: A total of 48 adults (employed (n = 19), unemployed (n = 29)) aged 50.7 ± 9.4 years, BMI = 34.4 ± 10.1 kg/m2, and 10 ± 3 years post-surgery participated. ActivPAL accelerometers measured transitions, steps, and sedentary time for 7 days. RESULTS: Participants worked on average 8.7 ± 1.8 h/day. Twenty-one percent of employed met step/day guidelines on work-days compared to 10% of unemployed. Employed persons transitioned from sitting-to-standing more on work-days (58.6 ± 17.8) than unemployed (45.0 ± 15.4). Employment status did not influence activity or sedentarism on weekend/non-working-days. CONCLUSION: Employment status may be associated with meaningful improvements in activity post-bariatric surgery.

Effects of Neighborhood Walkability on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Long-Term Post-Bariatric Surgery.

ᅟ: Chronic inactivity and weight regain are serious health concerns following bariatric surgery. Neighborhood walkability is associated with higher physical activity and lower obesity rates in normal weight populations. PURPOSE: Explore the influence of neighborhood walkability on physical activity and sedentarism among long-term post-bariatric surgery patients. METHODS: Fifty-eight adults aged 50.5 ± 9.1 years, with a BMI of 34.6 ± 9.7 kg/m2 having undergone surgery 9.8 ± 3.15 years earlier participated in this study. Participants were asked to wear an ActivPAL™ tri-axial accelerometer attached to their mid-thigh for 7-consecutive days, 24 hours/day. The sample was separated into those that live in Car-Dependent (n = 23), Somewhat Walkable (n = 14), Very Walkable (n = 16), and Walker's Paradise (n = 5) neighborhoods as defined using Walk Score®. ANCOVA was performed comparing Walk Score® categories on steps and sedentary time controlling for age and sex. RESULTS: Neighborhood walkability did not influence either daily steps (F (3, 54) = 0.921, p = 0.437) or sedentary time (F (3, 54) = 0.465, p = 0.708), Car-Dependent (6359 ± 2712 steps, 9.54 ± 2.46 hrs), Somewhat Walkable (6563 ± 2989 steps, 9.07 ± 2.70 hrs), Very Walkable (5261 ± 2255 steps, 9.97 ± 2.06 hrs), and Walker's Paradise (6901 ± 1877 steps, 10.14 ± 0.815 hrs). CONCLUSION: Walkability does not appear to affect sedentary time or physical activity long-term post-surgery. As the built-environment does not seem to influence activity, sedentarism, or obesity as it does with a normal weight population, work needs to be done to tailor physical activity programming after bariatric surgery.