[Detection of colorectal findings for cancer prevention by immunochemical stool test with different sensitivity levels]. / Detektion von kolorektalen Befunden zur Darmkrebsprävention mit immunologischem Stuhltest in verschiedenen Empfindlichkeitsstufen.

Immunochemical stool blood tests have a significantly higher sensitivity for the detection of advanced neoplasia and colorectal cancer. Based on national and international studies it has been required to include them into the national cancer screening programme in Germany also. The sensitivity (detection limit) can be set by the manufacturer in order to achieve an optimal and balanced result between sensitivity and specificity. The present study was conducted with 639 patients who have undergone both the screening colonoscopy, as well as the immunochemical stool blood test. The test "immoCARE-C" provided by the company CARE diagnostica Laborreagenzien GmbH was used in the study. The test has been evaluated with seven levels of detection limits between 500  ng/mL and 25  ng/mL. The best sensitivity for detection of advanced lesions was demonstrated by a cut-off of 50 ng/mL and 25  ng/mL. The specificity did not fall below 90  %. These positive results lead to considerations to organise a primary access to such tests in the prevention of colorectal cancer as a kind of filter before offering the screening colonoscopy.

Visual naming performance after ATL resection: impact of atypical language dominance.

PURPOSE: To characterize the interaction between language dominance and lateralization of the epileptic focus for pre- and postoperative Boston Naming Test (BNT) performance in patients undergoing anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL). METHODS: Analysis of pre- and postoperative BNT scores depending on lateralization of language as measured by the intracarotid amobarbital procedure (IAP) versus lateralization of the temporal lobe epileptic focus. RESULTS: Changes between pre- and postoperative BNT performance depended on epilepsy lateralization (effect size=0.189) with significant decrease in patients undergoing left ATL. Subgroup analysis in these showed that postoperative decline in BNT scores was significant in patients with atypical (n=14; p<0.05), but did not reach statistical significance in patients with left language dominance (n=36; p=0.09). Chi-square test revealed a trend of higher proportions of patients experiencing significant postsurgical deterioration in naming performance in atypical (57.1%) as compared to left language dominance (30.6%; p=0.082). Surgical failure was also associated with greater decline of BNT scores and was more common in atypical than in left language dominant patients (chi(2) (1, n=98)=4.62, p=0.032). Age of onset, duration of epilepsy, and seizure frequency had no impact on changes in BNT performance. CONCLUSION: Atypical language dominance is a predictor of change in visual naming performance after left ATL and may also impact postsurgical seizure control. This should be considered when counseling surgical candidates.

Memory performance is related to language dominance as determined by the intracarotid amobarbital procedure.

OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to explore the relationship between language and memory lateralization in patients with epilepsy undergoing the intracarotid amobarbital procedure. METHODS: In 386 patients, language lateralization and memory lateralization as determined by laterality index (LI) were correlated with each other. RESULTS: Language lateralization and memory lateralization were positively correlated (r=0.34, P<0.01). Correlations differed depending on the presence and type of lesion (chi(2)=7.98, P<0.05). LIs correlated significantly higher (z=2.82, P<0.05) in patients with cortical dysplasia (n=41, r=0.61, P<0.01) compared with the group without lesions (n=90, r=0.16, P>0.05), with patients with hippocampal sclerosis falling between these two groups. Both memory (P<0.01) and language (P<0.01) LIs were higher in right- compared with left-sided lesions. CONCLUSION: Correlation of language and memory is more pronounced in patients with structural lesions as compared with patients without lesions on MRI.