Influence of Different Porosities of Titanium Meshes on Bone Neoformation: Pre-Clinical Animal Study with Microtomographic and Histomorphometric Evaluation.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different types of porosity of titanium meshes on the bone neoformation process in critical defects surgically created in rat calvaria, by means of microtomographic and histomorphometric analyses. Defects of 5 mm in diameter were created in the calvaria of 36 rats, and the animals were randomly treated and divided into the following groups (6 animals per group): NCOG (negative control, only blood clot), TEMG (Polytetrafluoroethylene-PTFE-membrane), SPTMG (small pore titanium mesh), SPMMG (small pore mesh + PTFE), LPTMG (large pore titanium mesh), and LPMMG (large pore mesh + PTFE). After 60 days, the animals were sacrificed, and the bone tissue formed was evaluated with micro-CT and histomorphometry. The data were compared using an ANOVA followed by the Tukey post-test (p ≤ 0.05). The microtomographic results showed that the SPTMG group presented the highest numerical value for bone volume/total volume (22.24 ± 8.97), with statistically significant differences for all the other groups except LPTMG. Considering the histomorphometric evaluation, groups with only porous titanium meshes showed higher values compared to the groups that used the PTFE membrane and the negative control. The SPTMG group presented higher values in the parameters of area (0.44 mm2 ± 0.06), extension (1.19 mm2 ± 0.12), and percentage (7.56 ± 1.45%) of neoformed bone. It was concluded that titanium mesh with smaller pores showed better results and that the association of PTFE membranes with titanium meshes did not improve the outcomes, suggesting a correlation between mesh porosity and underlying bone repair.

Evaluation of a New Porcine Bone Graft on the Repair of Surgically Created Critical Bone Defects in Rat Calvaria: Histomorphometric and Microtomographic Study.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of a new porcine bone graft in rat calvaria bone defects. Critical defects were surgically created in 24 rats that were divided into four experimental groups according to defect filling (n = 6): Control Group (CG)­blood clot; Porcine Bone Group (PG)­porcine-derived bone substitute; (BG): Bio-Oss Group (BG)−chemically and heat-treated bovine graft; Bonefill Group (BFG)­chemically treated bovine bone substitute. Euthanasia of the animals occurred 30 days after the surgery, and the area of the original surgical defect and the surrounding tissues were removed for micro-CT and histomorphometric analysis. In the micro-CT evaluation, the PG presented statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in comparison to the CG, BG and BFG, for the parameters percentage of Bone Volume (BV/TV), Surface Bone Density (BS/TV), Number of Trabeculae (Tb.N) and Bone Connectivity (Conn), but not for Total Porosity (Po.tot) and Trabecular Thickness (Tb.Th). The histomorphometric analysis showed that the PG presented similar results to the BG regarding newly formed bone extension and to the BG and BFG regarding newly formed bone area. The porcine-derived graft presented superior microtomographic and histomorphometric results when compared to the two bovine bone substitutes.

Controle da dinâmica do comportamento anatômico e biológico em reconstruções imediatas com implantes dentais em áreas estéticas: conceito de "overbuilding" / Control of the dynamics of anatomical and biological behavior in immediate reconstructions with dental implants in aesthetic areas: concept of "overbuilding"

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar o conceito de overbuilding, ou seja, reconstrução da área implantada, de forma a criar uma restauração adequada óptica e funcionalmente, que é o objetivo da terapia de implantes na atualidade. Em busca de um balanço natural das estruturas duras e moles e o entendimento da dinâmica do seu comportamento anatômico e biológico, a literatura tem dedicado um espaço considerável de pesquisas relacionadas ao sucesso da manutenção e regeneração do osso e gengiva ao redor dos implantes, os quais sofrem uma perda pós-extração. Será utilizado um relato de caso clínico para ilustrar as abordagens cirúrgicas e protéticas, de forma a produzir uma restauração dental agradável e duradoura (AU).

The aim of this article is to present the concept of "overbuilding", that is, of the reconstruction of the implanted area, in order to create an adequate restoration optically and functionally, which is the goal of implant therapy today. Seeking hard and soft structures natural balance and the understanding of the dynamics of anatomical and biological behavior, literature has devoted a considerable amount of research related to the success of maintenance and regeneration of bone and gingiva around the implants, which suffer a post extraction loss. A clinical case report will be used to illustrate surgical and prosthetic approaches in order to produce a pleasant and long-lasting dental restoration (AU).

Extração dental minimamente invasiva ­ primeiro passo para a preservação alveolar e garantia de manutenção do contorno gengival / Minimally invasive dental extraction ­ first step for alveolar preservation and maintenance of the gingival contour

O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar o uso de instrumentos para exodontia minimente invasiva, visando à manutenção da integridade dos tecidos peri-implantares. Foi utilizado, neste relato de caso, o uso de periótomo e extrator de raiz mecânico para a remoção de um elemento dental fraturado, seguido de instalação imediata do implante, associado à reconstrução tecidual e temporização imediata. Após as sessões de acompanhamento clínico e radiográfico de até dois anos, verificamos uma satisfatória manutenção ótica e volumétrica do rebordo alveolar e da sua relação com a prótese dentária. Dessa forma, concluiu-se que, dentre os vários passos para a preservação alveolar, a extração atraumática possui um espaço determinante deste processo, garantindo a viabilidade das estruturas que permitirão a confecção de uma restauração estética e funcional previsíveis (AU).

The aim of this paper was to report instruments use for minimally invasive tooth extraction, in order to maintain peri-implant tissues integrity. It was used in this case report periotome and mechanical root extractor for fractured dental element removal, followed by immediate implantation, associated with tissue reconstruction and immediate provizionalization. After clinical and radiographic monitoring follow-up of two years, we verified a satisfactory optical and volumetric maintenance of the alveolar ridge and of its relationship with the dental prosthesis. Thus we concluded that among several steps for alveolar preservation, atraumatic extraction has a determinant space of this process, assuring the viability of the structures that will allow the production of an aesthetic and functionally predictable restoration (AU).

O uso de parafusos tenda e malha de titânio customizada nas cirurgias de regenerações ósseas guiadas verticais / The use of custom fixation screws and titanium mesh in vertical guide bone regeneration surgeries

O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar o uso do Parafuso Tenda DM® e as malhas de titânio customizadas em procedimentos de regeneração óssea vertical. Os parafusos tenda são artefatos cirúrgicos que auxiliam na manutenção do espaço para a regeneração óssea, servindo como suporte para as membranas, além de servirem como agentes de fixação e estabilização das mesmas. O Parafuso Tenda DM® é um conjunto constituído por um parafuso âncora, auto rosqueável, polido, com corpo de formato ligeiramente cônico. Possui encaixe para chave de inserção no formato quadrado e tem uma rosca interna para receber um parafuso de cobertura que estabiliza a membrana facilmente, auxiliando na manutenção de espaço para a regeneração óssea. Este trabalho relata o uso do parafuso tenda e da malha de titânio customizada num procedimento de aumento ósseo vertical e horizontal simultâneos. O acompanhamento tomográfico de seis meses demonstra uma excelente estabilidade do conjunto, sem intercorrências nos tecidos moles (AU).

Como selecionar e como combinar corretamente as membranas e enxertos para as cirurgias de regeneração óssea em Implantodontia: um guia para a tomada de decisões / How to select and properly match membranes and grafts for bone regeneration in implant surgery: a guide to decision making

Muitas técnicas de enxertos ósseos vêm sendo desenvolvidas com a finalidade de recuperar e manter o tecido ósseo, para que o implante ocupe um bom posicionamento espacial, de forma a produzir uma restauração protética adequada estética e funcionalmente. Para que qualquer enxerto seja bem sucedido, devem-se existir 4 condições: 1) Células de formação óssea (osteoblastos) devem estar presentes no sítio; 2) o suprimento sanguíneo do leito deve ser suficiente para a nutrição do enxerto; 3) o enxerto deve estar bem estabilizado durante a cicatrização; e 4) o retalho muco periosteal deve ser suturado sem tensão na incisão (AU).

Abordagem regenerativa do osso alveolar pósextração com o uso da folha laminada de titânio anodizado ­ Titânio Seal® / Bone regenerative post extraction approach using anodized titanium foil - Titanium Seal®

O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar o uso da folha laminada de titânio, Titânio Seal®, em sítios pós-extração sem fechamento primário do rebordo, discutindo os efeitos da anodização no processo regenerativo do osso alveolar. Após verificação da fratura radicular, uma instrumentação transalveolar foi executada de modo a diminuir as interferências da anatomia da crista do rebordo na estabilidade da broca durante a fresagem para o implante. Na sequência da exodontia minimamente traumática, foram instalados o implante, a matriz mineralizada bovina e a folha laminada de titânio anodizada. A anodização é um tratamento superficial feito através do processo de descarga eletroquímica que converte o óxido de titânio amorfo em anatase, camada que aumenta a adesão de osteoblastos e fibroblastos e diminui o crescimento de bactérias específicas bucais. Os acompanhamentos demonstraram um eficiente selamento do rebordo, com vantajosa formação tecidual (AU).

The aim of this article was to report the use of titanium foil, Titanio Seal®, at post extraction sites without primary closure of the ridge, discussing the effects of anodization on the regenerative process of alveolar bone. After verifying the root fracture, a transalveolar instrumentation was performed in order to reduce the interference of the ridge crest anatomy in the drill stability during the preparation for the implant. Following the minimally traumatic extraction, the implant, the bovine mineralized matrix, and the anodized titanium foil were installed. Anodizing is a surface treatment made through the electrochemical discharge process that converts the amorphous titanium oxide into anatase, a layer that increases the adhesion of osteoblasts and fibroblasts and decreases the growth of specific buccal bacteria. The accompaniments demonstrated an efficient sealing of the ridge, with an advantageous tissue formation (AU).

Effect of surgical periodontal treatment associated to antimicrobial photodynamic therapy on chronic periodontitis: A randomized controlled clinical trial.

AIM: This randomized controlled clinical trial evaluated the effects of an adjunctive single application of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in Surgical Periodontal Treatment (ST) in patients with severe chronic periodontitis (SCP). MATERIAL AND METHODS: In a split-mouth design, 20 patients with SCP were treated with aPDT+ST (Test Group, TG) or ST only (Control Group, CG). aPDT was applied in a single episode, using a diode laser and a phenothiazine photosensitizer. All patients were monitored until 90 days after surgical therapy. Levels of 40 subgingival species were measured by checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization at baseline, 60 and 150 days. Clinical and microbiological parameters were evaluated. RESULTS: In deep periodontal pockets depth (PPD ≥5 mm), Test Group presented a significantly higher decrease in PPD than Control Group at 90 days after surgical therapy (p < .05). Test Group also demonstrated significantly less periodontal pathogens of red complex (Treponema denticola) (p < .05). CONCLUSION: A single episode of aPDT used in adjunct to open flap debridement of the root surface in the surgical treatment of SCP: i) significantly improved clinical periodontal parameters; ii) eliminates periodontal pathogens of the red complex more effectively (NCT02734784).

Socket Preservation Therapy with Acellular Dermal Matrix and Mineralized Bone Allograft After Tooth Extraction in Humans: A Clinical and Histomorphometric Study.

The aim of this study was to analyze through clinical and histomorphometric parameters the use of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) with or without mineralized bone allograft (AB) on bone formation in human alveoli after a 6- to 8-month healing period. A total of 19 patients in need of extraction of the maxillary anterior teeth were selected and randomly assigned to the test group (ADM plus AB) or to the control group (ADM only). Clinical and histomorphometric measurements and histologic analysis were recorded 6 to 8 months after ridge preservation procedures. Clinical parameters and amount of mineralized and nonmineralized tissue were measured and analyzed. In the clinical measurements, the test group showed reduced bone loss in the buccopalatal dimension after 6 to 8 months (intragroup analysis P < .01). Histologic findings showed higher percentages of mineralized tissue and lower percentages of nonmineralized tissue in the test group when compared with the control group (P < .05). In this randomized controlled clinical and histomorphometric study in humans, acellular dermal matrix in association with mineralized bone allograft reduced alveolar bone loss in the anterior maxillae both in height and width after a follow-up period of 6 to 8 months.

Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy as an alternative to systemic antibiotics: results from a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical study on type 2 diabetics.

AIM: This double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study compared multiple applications of the antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) treatment protocol, to systemic doxycycline as adjuvant to scaling and root planing (SRP) on type 2 diabetic patients on clinical, systemic and immune-inflammatory outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty patients with Hba1c >7% were allocated in two groups, SRP + Doxy (n = 15) using systemic doxycycline 100 mg/day (14 days) and SRP + aPDT (n = 15) with multiple applications (0, 3, 7 and 14 days). Primary outcome was glycated haemoglobin levels (HbA1c). Clinical parameters: plaque score (PS), bleeding on probe, probing depth, suppuration, gingival recession, and clinical attachment level, percentage of pockets with desired clinical endpoint were measured at baseline and 3 months after therapy. Cytokine profile was assessed at 0, 1 and 3 month to measure IL1-ß, TNF-α and TGF-ß on gingival crevicular fluid. RESULTS: No significant difference was detected on HbA1c, between treatments. The SRP + aPDT group showed advantage on reducing moderate pockets in single-rooted teeth at 3 months. SRP + aPDT presented better results at 3 months on IL1-ß levels. There were no significant differences between TNF-α and TGF-ß. CONCLUSIONS: Both treatments improved clinical and systemic outcomes (Hba1c). SRP + aPDT performed better in moderate probing pocket depth on single-rooted teeth, reduced favourably inflammation in short term, and may be an alternative to systemic antibiotics. (Clinicaltrials.org ID NCT01595594).

A Randomized Comparative Study of Two Techniques to Optimize the Root Coverage Using a Porcine Collagen Matrix.

The aim of this randomized controlled clinical study was to compare the extended flap technique (EFT) with the coronally advanced flap technique (CAF) using a porcine collagen matrix (PCM) for root coverage. Twenty patients with two bilateral gingival recessions, Miller class I or II on non-molar teeth were treated with CAF+PCM (control group) or EFT+PCM (test group). Clinical measurements of probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), recession height (RH), keratinized tissue height (KTH), keratinized mucosa thickness (KMT) were determined at baseline, 3 and 6 months post-surgery. At 6 months, the mean root coverage for test group was 81.89%, and for control group it was 62.80% (p<0.01). The change of recession depth from baseline was statistically significant between test and control groups, with an mean of 2.21 mm gained at the control sites and 2.84 mm gained at the test sites (p=0.02). There were no statistically significant differences for KTH, PPD or CAL comparing the two therapies. The extended flap technique presented better root coverage than the coronally advanced flap technique when PCM was used.

A Randomized Comparative Study of Two Techniques to Optimize the Root Coverage Using a Porcine Collagen Matrix

Abstract: The aim of this randomized controlled clinical study was to compare the extended flap technique (EFT) with the coronally advanced flap technique (CAF) using a porcine collagen matrix (PCM) for root coverage. Twenty patients with two bilateral gingival recessions, Miller class I or II on non-molar teeth were treated with CAF+PCM (control group) or EFT+PCM (test group). Clinical measurements of probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), recession height (RH), keratinized tissue height (KTH), keratinized mucosa thickness (KMT) were determined at baseline, 3 and 6 months post-surgery. At 6 months, the mean root coverage for test group was 81.89%, and for control group it was 62.80% (p<0.01). The change of recession depth from baseline was statistically significant between test and control groups, with an mean of 2.21 mm gained at the control sites and 2.84 mm gained at the test sites (p=0.02). There were no statistically significant differences for KTH, PPD or CAL comparing the two therapies. The extended flap technique presented better root coverage than the coronally advanced flap technique when PCM was used.

Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo randomizado, controlado e clínico foi comparar para recobrimento radicular a técnica de retalho estendido (EFT) com a técnica de retalho avançado coronalmente (CAF) utilizando uma matriz suína colágena (PCM). Vinte pacientes com duas retrações gengivais bilaterais, classe I ou II de Miller em dentes não molares foram tratados com PCM+CAF (grupo controle) ou PCM+EFT (grupo teste). Medidas clínicas de profundidade de sondagem, (PPD), nível clínico de inserção (CAL), altura da retração gengival (RH), altura do tecido queratinizado (KTH), espessura da mucosa queratinizada (KMT) foram determinadas no exame inicial, aos 3 e 6 meses após a realização das cirurgias. Após 6 meses a média de recobrimento radicular para o grupo teste foi de 81,89% e para o grupo controle foi de 62,80% (p<0,01). A mudança na altura das retrações gengivais em relação ao exame inicial foi estatisticamente significante entre os grupos teste e controle, com média de 2,21 mm ganhos nos sítios controle e 2,84 mm ganhos nos sítios teste (p=0,02). Não houve diferenças estatísticas significantes para os parâmetros KTH, PPD ou CAL comparando as duas terapias. A técnica de retalho estendido apresentou melhor recobrimento radicular do que a técnica de retalho avançado coronalmente quando a PCM foi usada.

Comparative study of two surgical techniques for root coverage of large recessions in heavy smokers.

Reduced root coverage due to diminished periodontal vascularity can be expected in heavy smokers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the root coverage obtained for large gingival recessions in heavy smokers using two different surgical techniques. Twenty heavy smokers were selected. Each patient had large, bilateral Miller class I or II gingival recessions (Control Group (CG): 3.30 ± 1.29; Test Group (TG): 3.45 ± 0.80) on nonmolar teeth. Clinical measurements of probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), recession height (RH), keratinized mucosa height (KMH), and keratinized mucosa thickness (KMT) were determined at baseline and after 12 months. One side received a coronally positioned flap (CPF), while the contralateral side received the extended flap technique (EFT), both procedures carried out in conjunction with a subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG). Saliva samples to measure cotinine levels were taken at baseline and after 12 months as an indicator of the level of exposure to nicotine. Intergroup and intragroup analysis showed no statistical differences for the evaluated clinical parameters. Patients maintained the same exposure to smoke during the evaluation period. Both techniques resulted in low root coverage (CPF: 48.60%; EFT: 54.28%), but both techniques were effective in decreasing the gingival recessions (P ≤ 0.01). The variables smoke exposure, root coverage, and the thickness and height of keratinized tissue were subjected to linear regression. Regardless of the surgical technique used, heavy smoking strongly limits root coverage, especially for large recessions.

Influence of periodontal tissue thickness on buccal plate remodelling on immediate implants with xenograft.

AIM: To evaluate the influence of gingival thickness and bone grafting on buccal bone plate remodelling after immediate implant placement in sockets with thin buccal bone, using a flapless approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The gingiva of eight dogs was thinned at one side of the mandible, mandibular premolars were extracted without flaps, and four implants were installed on each side at 1.5 mm from the buccal bone. The sites were randomly assigned into: TG (test group) = thin gingiva; TG + GM (TG with grafting material); CG (control group) = normal gingiva; and CG + GM (CG with grafting material). After 12 weeks the dogs were sacrificed and the samples were processed for histological analysis. RESULTS: All animals exhibited a thin buccal bone initially. In all the experimental groups the buccal gap was filled with newly formed bone and the buccal bone level was slightly apical to the implant shoulder. There were no statistically significant differences among the groups for the histomorphometric parameters. CONCLUSIONS: The thickness of the buccal bone was a fundamental factor in buccal bone plate resorption, even with flapless implantation. The gingival thickness or the addition of a biomaterial in the gap did not influence the results.

The influence of the periodontal biotype on peri-implant tissues around immediate implants with and without xenografts. Clinical and micro-computerized tomographic study in small Beagle dogs.

OBJECTIVE: Soft tissues and buccal bone plate remodeling after immediate implantation in sockets with thin buccal bone, using the flapless approach with or without bone graft into the buccal gap, was compared between sites with thin and normal gingiva. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eight dogs had the gingiva of one side of the mandible thinned, the mandibular premolars were extracted without flaps, and 4 implants were installed in each side, positioned 1.5 mm from the buccal bone. The sites were randomly assigned into: TG (test group) = thin gingiva; TG + GM (TG with grafting material); CG (control group) = normal gingiva; and CG + GM (CG with grafting material). Buccal bone thickness (BBT), thickness of keratinized tissue (TKT), alveolar thickness (AT), gingival recession (GR), and probing depth (PD) were clinically evaluated. Within 12 weeks the dogs were sacrificed and the samples were analyzed by micro-computerized tomography. RESULTS: A thin BBT was observed in all the dogs. The presurgical procedures reduced TKT in the test group, with minimal changes of the AT. There were no statistically significant differences among the groups for the clinical parameters and the tomographic analysis showed similar linear and tri-dimensional bone reduction in all the groups. CONCLUSION: The thickness of the buccal bone was a fundamental factor in buccal bone plate resorption, even with flapless implantation. The decrease in gingival thickness or the addition of a biomaterial in the gap did not influence the results.

Influence of periodontal biotype on buccal bone remodeling after tooth extraction using the flapless approach with a xenograft: a histomorphometric and fluorescence study in small dogs.

BACKGROUND: Several approaches have been used to counteract alveolar bone resorption after tooth extraction. PURPOSE: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of gingival thickness and bone grafting on buccal bone remodeling in extraction sockets with thin buccal bone, using a flapless approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The gingiva of 8 dogs was thinned at one side of the mandible and mandibular premolars were extracted without flaps. The sockets were randomly assigned to the test group (thin gingiva) (TG), the test group with grafting material TG + GM, the control group (normal gingiva) (CG), or the control group with grafting material CG + GM. Ground sections were prepared from 12-week healing biopsies, and histomorphometry and fluorescence analysis were performed. RESULTS: In the groups with thin gingiva, numerically greater buccal bone loss was observed, while there were no differences between grafted and nongrafted sites. A numerically higher rate of mineralization was observed for the grafted sites, as compared with the nongrafted sites, at 12 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: A thin buccal bone plate leads to higher bone loss in extraction sockets, even with flapless surgery. The gingival thickness or the use of a graft material did not prevent buccal bone resorption in a naturally thin biotype, but modified the mineralization process.

Comparação de duas técnicas cirúrgicas para recobrimento radicular com matriz dérmica porcina / Comparison of two surgical techniques for root coverage using a new porcine collagen matrix

As retrações gengivais são um problema comum na população mundial, gerando transtornos estéticos e funcionais. Dentre as diversas técnicas cirúrgicas disponíveis, aquelas que utilizam enxertos de tecido conjuntivo subepitelial (ETCS) possuem a maior previsibilidade. No entanto, o uso deste enxerto autógeno pode não ser aceito por muitos pacientes, devido à necessidade de uma segunda área operatória, além de aumentar o tempo cirúrgico e possivelmente a morbidade. Assim, substitutos para o ETCS têm sido desenvolvidos para aumentar a aceitação destes procedimentos, objetivando tornar as cirurgias mais rápidas e com maior taxa de sucesso. O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar e mostrar os benefícios da técnica de retalho estendido em relação à técnica de retalho avançado coronalmente. Através do modelo de boca dividida, foram operados 20 pacientes com retrações gengivais, Classe I ou II de Miller, maiores que 3 mm. Após três meses, obteve-se recobrimento de 60% (grupo-controle) e 82% (grupo-teste).

A modified surgical technique for root coverage with an allograft: a 12-month randomized clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this randomized controlled clinical study is to investigate whether a modified surgical technique could provide better results for root coverage and greater amounts of keratinized tissue (KT) with the acellular dermal matrix graft (ADMG). METHODS: Fifteen bilateral Miller Class I or II gingival recessions (GRs) were selected. The recessions were treated and assigned randomly to the test group (TG), and the contralateral recessions were assigned to the control group (CG). The ADMG was used in both groups with differences in the graft positioning between them. The following clinical parameters were measured before the surgeries and after 12 months: 1) probing depth; 2) relative clinical attachment level; 3) GR; 4) thickness of KT (TKT); and 5) KT width. A new parameter, the GR area (GRA), was measured in standardized photographs using a special device and software. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between groups in KT width and TKT parameters at the 12-month postoperative period. However, there was a significant difference between the gains in GR (ΔGR) and GRA (ΔGRA), favoring the TG after 12 months. The TG presented ΔGR = 3.04 ± 0.29 mm and ΔGRA= 38,919 ± 9,238 pixel square values (pix(2)), and the CG presented ΔGR= 2.61 ± 0.41 mm and ΔGRA= 22,245 ± 9,334 pix(2) (P <0.05 and <0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Both techniques were successful. The TG treatment was more effective in reducing GR and GRA. The flap and graft position may be of importance in root coverage procedures outcome.

Alloderm e PepGen P-15 na reabilitação oral em um periodonto reduzido: acompanhamento de quatro anos / Alloderm and PepGen P-15 for oral rehabilitation in a patient with reduced periodontium: four years of follow-up

O objetivo deste relato foi analisar os resultados obtidos com a utilização da matriz dérmica acelular (MDA) e matriz óssea bovina inorgânica ligada ao peptídeo P-15 (MOI/P-15), para a preservação óssea alveolar após a extração dentária e posterior reabilitação com implantes, em uma paciente periodontalmente comprometida. Uma paciente do gênero feminino, que apresentava problemas periodontais severos nos elementos 11, 12, 21 e 22, recebeu tratamento periodontal básico. O planejamento do caso consistiu na remoção dos dentes condenados associada ao tratamento de preservação óssea do rebordo alveolar e subsequente reabilitação oral com implantes

The objective of this report was to analyze the results achieved with the use of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) with or without the inorganic bovine bone matrix (ABM) linked to cell binding peptide P-15 for socket preservation after tooth extraction and subsequent rehabilitation with dental implants of a periodontally compromised patient. A female patient who had a severe periodontal condition in the elements 11, 12, 21 and 22 received basic periodontal treatment. A surgical approach for this case included the removal of hopeless teeth and alveolar bone reservation. Subsequent rehabilitation with oral implants had been done