Immunolocalization of IP3R and V-ATPase in Ameloblastomas.

The goal of this study was to investigate the immunolocalization of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) and vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase) in ameloblastomas with special attention to the invasive front. Thirty-seven cases of previously diagnosed formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) human ameloblastoma samples were selected for this study. The samples were grouped according to the predominant histologic pattern and comprised twelve plexiform, eighteen follicular, and seven unicystic ameloblastomas. Of the unicystic variants, six demonstrated purely luminal and intraluminal growth, and one displayed mural extension. One granular cell variant was included in the follicular ameloblastoma group. All specimens were evaluated for IP3R and V-ATPase expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC). IP3R was positive in columnar cells, similar to ameloblasts, and non-peripheral cells in all samples. In the area of tumor protrusion and front of invasion, membranous and cystoplasmic IP3R expression was observed. In contrast, areas adjacent to tumoral protrusion demonstrated only membranous staining patterns. V-ATPase was not expressed in peripheral columnar cells of the unicystic and granular cell variants of ameloblastoma; however, strong staining was present in these cells in plexiform ameloblastomas, follicular ameloblastomas, and areas of mural growth of unicystic ameloblastomas. In areas of tumor protrusion, reactivity for V-ATPase was observed with both membranous and cytoplasmic staining, while other areas showed only membranous V-ATPase. These findings suggest that concomitant immunolocalization of IP3R and V-ATPase, with both cytoplasmic and membranous expression in the peripheral columnar cells, may indicate the invasive potential of ameloblastomas. Furthermore, these results suggest the tumoral spread of ameloblastomas may be correlated with the autophagy process and channelopathy. The expression of these proteins could establish a baseline for future research and provide therapeutic targets for treatment of ameloblastomas.

Impact of oral medicine training on oral cancer-related knowledge among undergraduate dental students

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate knowledge and attitudes regarding potentially malignant oral lesions and oral cancer among undergraduate dental students with or without training in the oral medicine. Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken to assess all undergraduate dental student (1st to 5th year) in two private universities in the state of Paraná, Brazil. A structured questionnaire about knowledge regarding potentially malignant oral lesions, continuing education, and different approaches to diagnosis was administered to dental students with or without training in the oral medicine discipline between May and July 2015. Descriptive statistics were obtained, and the data were analyzed using a chi-square test to compare knowledge in dental students. Results: A total of 662 undergraduate dental students were invited to participate, and the response rate was 97.6% (n = 646). Of the responders, 472 were female (73.1%), 168 were male (26.0%), and 6 did not declare what sex they were (0.9%). Undergraduate dental students who had previously studied oral medicine tended to report that they always perform complete intraoral examination (76.3%) and identified alcohol (87%) and tobacco consumption (97%) and sun exposure (80%) as major risk factors for developing oral cancer. While students who had not yet studied oral medicine poorly identified these factors. Students who had previously studied the discipline did not identify cheilitis actinica (26%) and erythroplakia (32%) as potentially malignant lesions. Only, 32.6% of dental students participate in continuing education during the past year. Conclusions: Dental students trained in the oral medicine discipline exhibited satisfactory knowledge necessary for the prevention and early identification of potentially malignant oral lesions and oral cancer. Continuing education during undergraduate and after academic training is very important

Efeitos do envelhecimento sobre os componentes fibroelásticos da junção vésico-uretral: uma breve revisão / Effects of aging on the components of fibroelastic-urethral junction vésico: a brief review

A junção vésico-uretral (JVU) é um dos componentes do trígono da bexiga que juntamente com o colo vesical possui relevante importância para fixação e posicionamento da bexiga urinária. A JVU é formada por fibras colágenas e elásticas, sendo que este fibroelástico tem o papel de ser o principal fator na geração da pressão de fechamento da uretra e da JVU em repouso. A presente revisão literária tem por objetivo descrever o sistema elástico da JVU e sua relação com o avanço da idade. Verificou-se que na JVU existe a presença de fibras elásticas maduras, elaunínicas e oxitalânicas, e que o sistema elástico da JVU não é um componente que determina o aparecimento da incontinência urinária no processo fisiológico de envelhecimento. E que o sistema elástico na região é indiretamente responsável pela continência urinária, e atua como suporte para a musculatura lisa do local, que provavelmente tem alterações mais relevantes com o avanço da idade do que o próprio sistema elástico.

The vesico-urethral junction (VUJ) is a component of the trigone of the bladder, which together with the bladder neck has important significance for fixation and positioning of the urinary bladder. The vesico-urethral junction is formed by collagen fibers and elastic, and this tissue fibroelastic has the function of being the main factor in generating the pressure to close the urethra and VUJ at rest. This literature review aims to describe the system of elastic VUJ and its correlation with advancing age. We found that in VUJ, there is the presence of mature elastic fibers, and elaunínicas oxytalan, and the system of elastic VUJ is not a component that determines the onset of urinary incontinence in the physiological process of aging. And the elastic system in the region is indirectly responsible for urinary continence, and acts as a support for the smooth muscles of the site that is probably most relevant changes with advancing age of the elastic system itself.