RESUMO
El asma afecta en mayoría a la población infantil de 3 a 14 años. Los infantes que padecen enfermedades respiratorias tienden a sufrir alteraciones en su salud bucal. Objetivo: Establecer las manifestaciones clínicas bucales de pacientes pediátricos con asma, de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal, de casos y controles. Se incluyeron pacientes de entre 5 y 12 años, con diagnóstico de asma (casos) y pacientes sanos (controles), durante el período de agosto 2018 - febrero 2019. Fueron excluidos pacientes con enfermedades sistémicas. Se realizó una revisión intraoral evaluando caries, gingivitis, erosiones y bruxismo. Las diferencias entre grupos fueron determinadas mediante los estadísticos Chi2 y Wilcoxon Sum-Rank. Resultados: La muestra incluyó un total de 228 pacientes, 109 femeninos y 119 masculinos. Se registraron 76 casos de pacientes asmáticos, con edad promedio de 7 años. No se encontró asociación entre el asma y caries dental (Chi2=0,19, p=0,655, OR=1,16); entre asma y gingivitis (W=5103, p=0,1492) y bruxismo (Chi2=2,4, p=0,12, OR=1,97). Únicamente, se encontró asociación significativa entre asma y erosión dental (Chi2= 5,3, p=0,02, OR=2,01). Conclusiones: No se encontró relación entre el asma y la presencia/ausencia de caries, gingivitis y bruxismo. Los pacientes asmáticos presentaron 1,02 veces más posibilidades de presentar erosión dental en comparación con los pacientes sanos.
Asthma is it is a chronic disease that affects the child population, mostly between 3 to 14 years old. Children suffering from bronchial asthma usually present oral problems. Objective: Determine oral clinical manifestations of pediatric patients with asthma, in patients from Faculty of Odontology of the Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán. Material and methods: cross sectional, cases and control study. Children between 5 to 12 years old were included, with a diagnosis of asthma (cases) and healthy patients (control) who visited the institution in the period from august 2018 to February 2019. Patients with systemic diseases were excluded. An intraoral review was realized evaluating dental caries, gingivitis, dental erosions and bruxism. Differences between groups were evaluated using the Chi2 and Wilcoxon Sum-Rank statistics. Results: The sample included a total of 228 patients, 109 female and 119 male. 76 cases of asthmatic patients were registered, an average age of 7 years. No association was found between asthma and dental caries (Chi2=0.19 p=0.655, OR=1.16); there was no association between asthma and gingivitis (W=5103, p=0.1492) and bruxism (Chi2=2.4, p=0.12, OR=1.97). Only significant association between asthma and dental erosion (Chi2= 5.3, p=0.02, OR=2.01). Conclusion: No association was found between asthma and the presence / absence of dental caries, gingivitis and bruxism. Asthmatic patients presented 1.018 more probability to have dental erosion compared to healthy patients.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Asma , Bruxismo , Saúde Bucal , Cárie Dentária , Gengivite , Manifestações Bucais , Erosão Dentária , AbsenteísmoRESUMO
Objective. We quantified the prevalence of impacted maxillary canines (IMC) and their association with other dental anomalies (DAs). Materials and Methods. A retrospective study was done with 860 patients 12 to 39 years of age. The prevalence of IMC was calculated and compared by sex. The sample was divided into a control group and an impaction group, and the prevalence was calculated in both for a series of anomalies: agenesis, supernumerary teeth, shape anomalies of the upper laterals (microdontia, peg and barrel shape, and talon cusp), fusion, gemination, other impacted teeth, transposition, and amelogenesis imperfecta. The prevalence values for both groups were compared (Pearson's χ2 test, p ≤ 0.05). Results. IMC were present in 6.04% of the sample with no difference by sex (p = 0.540). Other DAs occurred in 51.92% of the IMC group and in 20.17% of the controls (p < 0.05). Significant associations (p < 0.05) were identified between IMC and four other DAs: microdontia, barrel shape, other impacted teeth, and transposition. The prevalence of all anomalies was lower in the control group. Conclusion. IMC were seen in 6.04% of patients. Patients with this condition also had a higher prevalence of other DAs. These other anomalies should be used as risk indicators for early diagnosis.
