RESUMO
Aim To investigate the effect of kinesiotherapy on muscle strengthening in patients with Parkinon's disease. Methods This clinical retrospective - prospective study was based on collected data from medical histories and included 40 patients, who, beside medicaments, had undergone kinesiotherapy. This study analysed age, gender, duration of the rehabilitation and estimation of the gross muscle strength at admittance and discharge using Manual Muscle Test (MMT). Results Females was slightly more represented in the total sample without significant statistical difference. After kinesiotherapy significant statistical difference in muscle strength was observed, average MMT of the upper extremities increased from 3.25±0.6 to 3.53±0.8 and on the lower extremities from 2.9±0.8 to 3.3±0.9. The analysis of the gender on the higher score of MMT showed that gender does not affect the score of MMT. Correlational analysis of the age and duration of hospitalization on the score of MMT showed that patients with longer hospitalization had better improvement. Conclusion Results of the study showed that kinesiotherapy has positive effect on muscle strength in patients with Parkinson's disease.
RESUMO
UNLABELLED: Infant walkers are mobile wheeled seats that allow infants to move around with their feet on the floor. They enable precocious locomotion in very young, otherwise prelocomotor infants. Prelocomotor walker experience prevents visual access to the moving limbs. Infant walker use can be associated with delay in achievement of normal locomotor milestones. Besides delayed motor development, contractures of the calf muscles and motor development mimicking spastic diparesis may appear. In the case of infant walker's use for the infants at risk for development of cerebral palsy, multiple side effects can be produced: the persistence of positive support reflex, heel cord contractures, subluxation and dislocation of the hips or pronation contractures of the upper extremities. The use of infant walkers increases the risk of injuries. The study has enrolled 150 children and their mothers, from three big cities in Bosnia and Herzegovina (Sarajevo, Bihac, Zenica). All relevant data have been collected through the questionnaires. 130 children (86.6%) have used infant walkers. The mean age when the use of infant walker has started was 7 months. The mean time of daily use of infant walker was 1 hour 49 minutes. Twenty three children had various motor disturbances, 13 out of them (56.5%) have used infant walker. The mild injuries caused by using the infant walkers have been registered in 17 cases (11.3%). 83 mothers (55.3%) were aware of infant walker's nocuous effects. CONCLUSION: The use of infant walkers has been spread widely under our circumstances. There is significant discrepancy between mothers' knowledge about nocuous effects of infant walkers and their practice. The use of infant walkers for infants with motor disturbances is especially harmful. The main reason for using infant walker, despite of its harmfulness, was mother's preoccupation with everyday household activities. It is necessary to engage health professionals to support antiwalker campaign (warning labels on the infant walkers, public education programs, etc). We recommend safer alternatives for child daycare, like stationary activity centers (so called "fenced play gardens".
