[Evaluation of remote results in 80 intra-articular calcaneal fractures treated by various methods]. / Ocena odleglych wyników 80 stawowych zlaman kosci pietowej leczonych róznymi sposobami.

The studies were done in 69 patients in whom 80 intra-articular calcaneus fractures were diagnosed of tongue or crush type. In the analysis of the remote results a subjective three-grade evaluation of the results was used as reported by the patients. The good results in 60% were closely related to the reconstruction of the shape of the calcaneus and its articular surface with simultaneous restoration of functional fitness of the foot. It was found that the fractures of tongue type were to be reduced by the Westhues method, while the crush fractures were to be treated surgically or functionally. Poor results were observed in all fractures not reduced and not immobilised additionally in plaster casts.

[Teeth condition in children aged 7 years in Warsaw and the province of Warsaw]. / Stan uzebienia stalego u dzieci 7-letnich w Warszawie i województwie Warszawskim.

Teeth were examined in 180 children aged 7 years of either sex in three randomly selected regions: Warsaw, Sulejówek and Wiazowna community by the routine method in school stomatological offices. The assessment of teeth was done according to the WHO principles. In the studied population 85.3% erupted permanent molars, 71.1% medial incisors, and 29.2% lateral incisors were found. No significant differences were found in the per cent of erupted permanent teeth between these three regions, but the proportion of erupted teeth was greater in girls than boys. The prevalence of caries in the permanent teeth in this population was 25%, and again no difference of this prevalence was found between these three regions, but in girls this prevalence was greater than in boys. The DMF index was not different in these regions, but in girls it was twice that in boys (0.6 vs 0.3).

[Radiological investigations of the process of pulp mineralization and size of pulp chamber]. / Badania radiologiczne procesów mineralizacji miazgi i wielkosci komór zebów.

The authors studied the process of progressing narrowing of pulp chamber in 363 milk teeth and 295 permanent teeth by means of intraoral radiograms. The investigations were carried out in two groups of children in successive time periods. The diminution of chamber size progressed more rapidly in the vertical dimension. The process of chamber narrowing is neither even nor steady.

[Introduction of a new technique of partial pulp amputation in permanent teeth in children after mechanical injuries. Preliminary communication]. / Wprowadzenie nowej techniki zabiegu czesciowej amputacji miazgi w zebach stalych u dzieci po urazach mechanicznych.

The study material comprised 56 permanent teeth with traumatic pulp exposure complicated in 15 cases by partial tooth luxation in 52 children aged from 7 to 15 years. In each case routine clinical and radiological examinations were done. The time between trauma and procedure ranged from several hours to 70 days. In all teeth partial pulp amputation was done cutting off by the gentle technique a part of the coronal pulp and covering of the remaining pulp with calcium hydroxide, zinc oxide with eugenol or with Dycal, carboxyl cement and permanent filling. The analysis of the studied material showed that the greatest group comprised children aged 8-11 years (40 cases), and fractures of one-half of the crown prevailed (32 cases), point pulp exposure (32 cases), developmental stage Rc and A 1/2 of root (40 cases). The short-lasting follow-up made possible clinical and radiological control of only 39 teeth after 6 months, and 7 teeth after 12 months. After 6 months good results were obtained in 84.6% of cases.

[Assessment of the condition of the parodontium in children aged 12 years using the parodontal treatment needs index]. / Ocena stanu przyzebia dzieci 12-letnich za pomoca wskaznika potrzeb leczniczych przyzebia (CPITN).

The purpose of the study was an evaluation of the status of the parodontium and the needs for parodontal disease treatment using the index of treatment needs. The condition of the parodontium was assessed in 180 children aged 12 years in Warsaw, Sulejówek and the Wiazowna Communitty, 60 children from each population. The examinations were carried out in school stomatological offices using a calibrated probe as recommended by the WHO. In the results of the examinations the following parameters were considered: 1) the per cent of children with the highest recorded code value, 2) the mean number of sextants designated H, B, C, X per one child, 3) the needs for parodontal disease treatment. The examination showed that the per cent of children with healthy parodontium was 18.9%, with bleeding--63.3%, with tartar--17.8%, three healthy sextants were found as a mean per one child, 2.7 sextants with bleeding, 0.3 with tartar. The needs for treatment of parodontal diseases in these 12-year-old children were as follows: 81.1% required improved oral hygiene, 17.8% required also tartar removal. The least needs were found in the Warsaw children (61.7%) and the highest in Wiazowna Community children (91.7%).

[Estimation of the parodontium state in seven-year-old children by means of CPITN Index of parodontium medicinal needs]. / Ocena stanu przyzebia dzieci 7-letnich za pomoca wskaznika potrzeb leczniczych przyzebia CPITN.

The purpose of the work was to estimate the parodontium Medicinal Needs of seven-year-old children from the capital city of Warsaw and province by means of CPITN index. Parodontium state in 180 children has been examined: 60 children from Warsaw (a big town), 60 children from Sulejówek (a small town) and 60 children from Wiazowna commune (a village). Each group under examination was composed of 30 girls and 30 boys. A calibrated probe suggested by WHO has been used for the purposes of the examinations. The data obtained during the examinations have been entered in the chart designed by WHO; they estimate 6 sextants in the oral cavity of a child: healthy (H) designated by 0 code, bleeding (B)--by 1 code, existence of dental calculus (C)--by 2 code. In case of the index teeth absence, the sextant has been excluded from the examinations (X). The estimation of parodontium medicinal needs in 7-year-old children has demonstrated that 40.5% of the children have healthy parodontium (H) and doesn't need any treatment; bleeding existed in 59% of the children; dental calculus (C) has been found in 1 child (0.5%). Medicinal needs is restricted to the improvement of the oral cavity hygiene (TN1) in 59% of the children and to the improvement of the oral cavity hygiene and dental calculus removing (TN2) in 1 child. Medicinal needs are identical for the children of both sexes, they differ considerably according to the environment. Action of oral cavity nursing care should include 32% of the children from a large town, 77% of the children from a small town and 70% of the children from a village.