Roles of Platelet Toll-like Receptors in Thrombosis / 中国医学科学院学报

Platelets are non-nuclear blood cells that are widely involved in physiological and pathological processes.Their main role is to participate in hemostasis and thrombosis.Toll-like receptors(TLRs)are innate immune receptors.Platelets express multiple TLRs and can promote thrombosis by recognizing ligand-induced platelet activation and aggregation.This article reviews the relationship between platelets/TLR and thrombosis and the roles of TLRs in the development of thrombotic diseases.

Prevalence and influential factors of stroke in Jiangxi Province in 2014 / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective@#To discuss the prevalence and influential factors of stroke among population in Jiangxi Province.@*Methods@#Four cities in urban areas and four counties in rural areas were selected firstly, in which two districts or townships were selected; and then three communities or villages were chosen from each district and township, respectively, using the simple random sampling (SRS) method. Finally 15 269 subjects aging 15 years old or above, living in Jiangxi Province ≥6 months were randomly selected to participate in this survey from November 2013 to August 2014. Information of population characteristics, life behavior way, individual disease history were collected through questionnaire survey, and height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, body fat rate, visceral fat index and so on were measured by instruments. Risk factors of stroke prevalence were analyzed by the unconditioned logistic regression analysis.@*Results@#A total of 15 269 participants (6 267 males) from 15 364 eligible participants were included in the statistical analysis. Out of which, 7 793 participants came from urban areas, and their average age was (53.04±17.91) years old. In this study, 226 stroke patients (117 males) were found among15 269 participants, including 122 urban participants and 104 rural participants, whose average age was (67.76±9.74) years old. The prevalence of stroke was 1 480.12/100 000 in 2014, which was separately 1 866.92/100 000 and 1 210.84/100 000 among males and females. The prevalence of people aging (45-49) years old was 413.79/100 000 (6/1 450) , while which among people aging 75 years old and above was 3 311.62/100 000 (61/1 842) . The prevalence of stroke among residents in Jiangxi presented an uprising tendency with age increasing (linear-by-linear association χ2=62.23, P<0.01). The research showed that when other influencing factors including gender, BMI, waist circumference, pulse-pressure difference, VAI, and sleeping time in non-working days were controlled, hypertensive patients had a higher risk of stroke than people without hypertension (OR=6.88, 95%CI: 4.90-9.67), drinkers had a higher risk of stroke than non-drinkers (OR=1.56, 95%CI: 1.17-2.08), compared with people <65 years old, people aged 65-74 years old and ≥75 years old had a higher risk of stroke, the value of OR (95%CI) were 1.88 (1.36-2.59) and 1.97 (1.39-2.80), respectively, compared with people with normal body fat percentage, people whose body fat percentage on high side and people who with high body fat percentage had a higher risk of stroke, the value of OR (95%CI) were 1.71 (1.18-2.48) and 1.74 (1.18-2.56), respectively, people with sleep time >8 h had a higher risk of stroke than those with sleep time of 6-8 h.@*Conclusion@#There was a high stroke prevalence among residents in Jiangxi province. Hypertension, drinking, age, BFP and sleep duration were associated with stroke prevalence. Corresponding measures for high-risk population and risk factors should be strengthened to prevent and control the stroke.

Correlation Study of Monocyte to HDL-C Ratio and Post-operative Slow flow or No reflow in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / 中国循环杂志

Objective: To explore the correlation of monocyte to HDL-C ratio (MHR) and post-operative slow lfow or no relfow in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: A total of 216 STEMI patients treated in our hospital from 2014-10 to 2016-05 were enrolled. The patients were divided into 2 groups: Slow lfow or no relfow group, the patients with TIMI grade≤2,n=43 and Normal lfow group, n=173. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was performed to assess the best cut-off value for MHR predicting slow lfow or no relfow with its sensitivity and speciifcity; Logistic regression analysis was conducted to studied weather MHR could be used as an independent risk factor for coronary slow lfow or no relfow in STEMI patients after PCI. Results: Compared with Normal lfow group, Slow lfow or no relfow group had the higher MHR (18.6±9.8) vs (10.9±5.5), P<0.001. Univariate Regression analysis indicated that MHR was a risk factor of slow lfow or no relfow occurrence (OR=2.22, 95% CI 1.58-3.28); multivariate regression analysis presented that MHR was an independent risk factor of slow lfow or no relfow occurrence (OR=1.55, 95% CI 1.01-2.38). ROC curve showed that the best cut-off value for MHR predicting slow lfow or no relfow occurrence was 13.37 with the sensitivity and speciifcity at 67.4% and 70.5% respectively, the area under curve (AUC) was 0.734, 95% CI 0.646-0.822. Conclusion: MHR was an independent risk factor for slow lfow or no relfow occurrence in STEMI patients after PCI.

The clinical application of the recovery time after ST segment depression for the diagnosis of coronary heart disease / 实用医学杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of the ST segment changing in treadmill exercise test positive for the diagnosis of coronary heart disease. Methods 133 patients (hospitalized from January 2014 to January 2015) with the ST segment depression≥0.1 mm in treadmill exercise test were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into the observation group and the control group according to the coronary angiography (the dividing line is artery stenosis is more than 50% or not ). ST-segment depression margin and recovery time of the two groups were compared. ST-segment depression margin and recovery time of patients with different vascular lesion number were also analyzed. Results In 133 cases, 79 cases of coronary angiography were positive(59.4%). Positive rate of ST segment recovery time(> 90 s) was 76.9% in. The maximal ST-segment depression margin and recovery time in the observation group were more than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P 0.05). But in terms of ST-segment recovery time, the double-vessel and multivessel stenosis group were higher than the single-vessel stenosis group , and the difference was statistically significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion Clinically, patients with TET positive combined the ST segment depression and ST-segment recovery time are important hints for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease , and is worthy of promotion.

Losartan regulates oxidative stress via caveolin-1 and NOX4 in mice with ventilator- induced lung injury / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of losartan in regulating oxidative stress and the underlying mechanism in mice with ventilator-induced lung injury.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-six male C57 mice were randomly divided into control group, losartan treatment group, mechanical ventilation model group, and ventilation plus losartan treatment group. After the corresponding treatments, the lung injuries in each group were examined and the expressions of caveolin-1 and NOX4 in the lung tissues were detected.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean Smith score of lung injury was significantly higher in mechanical ventilation model group (3.3) than in the control group (0.4), and losartan treatment group (0.3); the mean score was significantly lowered in ventilation plus losartan treatment group (2.3) compared with that in the model group (P<0.05). The expressions of caveolin-1 and NOX4 were significantly higher in the model group than in the control and losartan treatment groups (P<0.05) but was obviously lowered after losartan treatment (P<0.05). Co-expression of caveolin-1 and NOX4 in the lungs was observed in the model group, and was significantly decreased after losartan treatment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Losartan can alleviate ventilator-induced lung injury in mice and inhibit the expression of caveolin-1 and NOX4 and their interaction in the lungs.</p>