RESUMO
It has been demonstrated that compression and expansion of a monomolecular film lead to a unidirectional transport of particles which are present on this film. Using the same model we could demonstrate that Broncho-Alveolar Lavage fluids from healthy rats also produce a transport of particles in the direction of the compression phase and that lavage fluids from SO2 exposed rats show impaired and even reversed transport properties. In parallel there is a change of the phospholipid pattern in lavage fluid from SO2 exposed animals. The relevance of these observations is discussed for physiological and pathophysiological situations in the lung periphery.
Assuntos
Surfactantes Pulmonares/fisiologia , Sistema Respiratório/metabolismo , Animais , Transporte Biológico/efeitos dos fármacos , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Brônquios/metabolismo , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos , Dióxido de Enxofre/farmacologia , Irrigação TerapêuticaRESUMO
Morphological, biochemical and biophysical data indicate that the pulmonary surfactant system of the lung has to be considered as a functional unit from the alveoli to the trachea. In the nonciliated part of the air passages the surfactant assures the stability of the small airways and contributes to the transport processes. In the ciliated part of the air passages the surfactant supports indirectly the optimal transport of mucus due to its anti-glue properties. Any deterioration in the surfactant system results in functional consequences for lung mechanics and bronchial clearance mechanisms as discussed for RDS and COLD. Stimulation of surfactant synthesis and surfactant replacement can be regarded as new aspects for therapy.
Assuntos
Pulmão/fisiologia , Surfactantes Pulmonares/fisiologia , Adulto , Brônquios/metabolismo , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Modelos Biológicos , Muco/análise , Muco/metabolismo , Fosfolipídeos/análise , Alvéolos Pulmonares/fisiologia , Surfactantes Pulmonares/análise , Surfactantes Pulmonares/metabolismo , Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório/fisiopatologia , Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório do Recém-Nascido/fisiopatologia , Tensão SuperficialRESUMO
Using an experimental model, it has been demonstrated that the compression and expansion of a monomolecular film permits a unidirectional transport of particles which are present on this film. The possibility of similar transport mechanisms in the peripheral airways is discussed as one can assume that analogous dynamic conditions exist in the peripheral airways for the surfactant film.
Assuntos
Brônquios/fisiologia , Modelos Biológicos , Humanos , Microesferas , Surfactantes Pulmonares/fisiologia , Dodecilsulfato de Sódio/farmacologia , Tensoativos/farmacologiaAssuntos
Broncodilatadores/farmacologia , Antagonistas Adrenérgicos alfa/farmacologia , Agonistas Adrenérgicos beta/farmacologia , Hormônio Adrenocorticotrópico/farmacologia , Broncodilatadores/administração & dosagem , Cromonas/farmacologia , Glucocorticoides/farmacologia , Antagonistas dos Receptores Histamínicos H1/farmacologia , Humanos , Parassimpatolíticos/farmacologia , Prostaglandinas/farmacologiaRESUMO
In an open trial trans-4-[(2-amino-3,5-dibromo-benzyl)-amino]-cyclohexanol hydrochloride (ambroxol, NA 872) in the form of ambroxol syrup was given to non-hospitalised patients suffering from acute and chronic bronchitis. A marked reduction in coughing and dyspnoea as well as an improvement in expectoration was apparent. The maximum effect was reached on the third day of treatment. The effect can be maintained by consistent prolongation of the therapy. There were no side effects.
