Teledermatology in medical student, postgraduate trainee, and global dermatology education: A systematic review.

Background: In the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, medical students and residents in the U.S. and globally have gained more exposure to teledermatology, both for the purposes of clinical practice and education. Objective: We conducted a systematic review to assess outcomes from teledermatology interventions for dermatology trainees in the U.S. and globally in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA). Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane CENTRAL for articles written in English and published database inception to November 20, 2022. Results: In total, 15 studies met the inclusion criteria. Outcomes reported ranged broadly from resident-provider concordance rates, diagnostic accuracy in comparison to control groups, number of patients seen, and self-reported satisfaction and improvement. Generally, studies indicated high satisfaction rates and improvement in educational outcomes among medical students, residents, and other trainees in the global health setting. Limitations: Because of the heterogeneity of study design and outcomes reported, meta-analysis could not be performed. Conclusion: Teledermatology can be successfully deployed for clinical care and education domestically and in the global health setting.

Anemia in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa : A systematic review with meta-analysis.

IMPORTANCE: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is associated with a number of physical and psychological comorbidities. Studies have suggested an association between HS and anemia; however, this association is not widely understood and may result in delayed diagnosis and treatment and possible increase in morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVE: To systematically review and perform a meta-analysis regarding the association between HS and anemia, and to characterize the subtypes of anemia associated with HS. DATA SOURCES: A search of the EMBASE, Medline, Web of Science Core Collection, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases from the time of database inception to September 25, 2022, yielded 313 unique articles. STUDY SELECTION: All observational studies and randomized controlled trials published in English that examined the odds ratio (OR) of anemia in patients with HS were screened by 2 independent reviewers. Case reports were excluded. Among 313 unique articles, 7 were deemed eligible. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines facilitated data extraction. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to analyze risk of bias of included studies. In addition to OR and 95% confidence intervals, relevant data on patient demographics and anemia subtypes were also extracted. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The primary outcome was the OR of anemia in HS patients. This study also attempted to characterize anemia subtypes associated with HS. RESULTS: In total, 2 case-control and 5 cross-sectional studies featured a total of 11,693 patients. Among the studies, 4 of 7 demonstrated a statistically significant positive association between anemia and HS (ORs, 2.20 [1.42-3.41], 2.33 [1.99-2.73], 1.87 [1.02-3.44], and 1.50 [1.43-1.57]), with macrocytic and microcytic subtypes being most common. After adjusting for publication bias, meta-analysis with random effects revealed HS to be associated with increased odds of anemia compared to non-HS groups (OR 1.59 [1.19, 2.11]). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: There is a statistically significant positive association between HS and anemia, particularly for the aforementioned subtypes. Patients with HS should be screened for anemia. In case of lower hemoglobin concentration, the anemia of HS patients should be subdivided according to mean corpuscular volume of the red blood cells and further investigated depending on subtype.

Cognitive behavior therapy as dermatological treatment: a narrative review.

Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is efficacious in treating numerous psychological disorders. It is also effective in combination with medication for chronic pain, diabetes, and other diseases. Patients with skin disease report high levels of stress, anxiety, and negative feelings. Objective: To summarize the findings on the utility of CBT for the improvement of skin status and quality of life in patients with dermatological conditions. Methods: PubMed and Google Scholar databases were searched for relevant articles from database inception to the time of search (October 20, 2021). A total of 30 included studies featured 10 on psoriasis, 11 on atopic dermatitis, 4 on vitiligo, 4 on acne, and 1 study on alopecia areata. Results: Several studies, including randomized controlled trials with large study samples, support the effectiveness of CBT and Internet CBT for a number of dermatological conditions. Patients who completed CBT courses were less likely to rely on dermatological healthcare during follow-up. Limitations: There are a limited number of studies discussing the implementation of CBT for alopecia, acne, and vitiligo. Conclusion: Patients who underwent CBT or Internet CBT in addition to skin care demonstrated improvement with quality of life and severity of skin disease as compared to controls only receiving standard of care treatment.