RESUMO
On the basis of findings in examinations made in 50 patients (25 with hypoplastic anaemia and 15 in the hypoplastic stage of acute leukemia) a simple mathematical method was developed for the differential diagnosis of these two diseases. The following laboratory findings were used for calculating a formula: cellularity of the bone-marrow, percentage of blast cells in the myelogram, percentage of blast cells in leukocyte concentrate, morphology of erythrocytes, presence of normoblastosis, percentage of monocytes and absolute number of neutrophils in the peripheral blood. This method allows the correct diagnosis to be made in 91% of cases with hypoplastic anaemia and in 100% of cases with acute leukemia. By using 7 laboratory findings to be obtained easily this method will enable a correct diagnosis to be made even in those situations where hitherto it was very difficult to make a differential diagnosis or where it was impossible at all.
Assuntos
Anemia Aplástica/sangue , Leucemia/sangue , Pancitopenia/sangue , Pré-Leucemia/sangue , Doença Aguda , Anemia Aplástica/diagnóstico , Células da Medula Óssea , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Leucemia/diagnóstico , Contagem de Leucócitos , Pancitopenia/diagnóstico , Pré-Leucemia/diagnósticoRESUMO
In a prospective 11 year-study 53 patients with cytopenias have been followed from the first appearance of haematological abnormalities to death. In 39 patients (group A) the diagnosis of hypoplastic anaemia has been confirmed on autopsy, in 24 (group B) the diagnosis of acute leukemia has been made clinically and/or on autopsy. In 13 patients of group B a monocytosis exceeding 300 cells/microliters could be found at various times before death (4 to 108 months). Patients affected with monocytosis has a survival time being 4 times longer than that of others. Thus, a long term survey and monocyte counting in patients with cytopenias of unknown origin may be of diagnostic and prognostic value.
