Influence of sonic application on surface roughness of bulk-fill resin composites.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the influence of sonic application on the surface roughness of bulk-fill resin composite restorations. METHODS: 80 intact bovine incisors had their incisal thirds removed, their buccal surfaces flattened, and standard preparations mimicking Class II preparations performed on their buccal surfaces. Specimens were then randomly assigned for restoration with the bulk-fill resin composites Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill, SureFil SDR flow+, and SonicFill 2, with sonic application for 15 seconds and 30 seconds as well as no sonic application. Filtek Supreme Ultra applied without sonic application served as control. Sonic application was accomplished with the KAVO SONICflex handpiece. Surface roughness was measured using a 3D scanner and data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests at a significance level of 0.05. RESULTS: No statistical differences were found between groups treated with and without sonic application. When materials were compared, Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill showed the lowest surface roughness in the 15-second sonic application subgroup; and SureFil SDR flow+ showed the highest surface roughness when applied without sonic application and in the 30-second sonic application subgroups. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Clinicians should expect a similar performance of bulk-fill resin composites in terms of surface roughness when applied with or without sonic activation. Precaution should be taken during the finishing/ polishing procedures of SureFil SDR flow+ resin composite.

The oral bacterial microbiome of occlusal surfaces in children and its association with diet and caries.

Dental caries is the most prevalent disease in humans globally. Efforts to control it have been invigorated by an increasing knowledge of the oral microbiome composition. This study aimed to evaluate the bacterial diversity in occlusal biofilms and its relationship with clinical surface diagnosis and dietary habits. Anamneses were recorded from thirteen 12-year-old children. Biofilm samples collected from occlusal surfaces of 46 permanent second molars were analyzed by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing combined with the BLASTN-based search algorithm for species identification. The overall mean decayed, missing and filled surfaces modified index [DMFSm Index, including active white spot lesions (AWSL)] value was 8.77±7.47. Biofilm communities were highly polymicrobial collectively, representing 10 bacterial phyla, 25 classes, 29 orders, 58 families, 107 genera, 723 species. Streptococcus sp_Oral_Taxon_065, Corynebacterium matruchotii, Actinomyces viscosus, Actinomyces sp_Oral_Taxon_175, Actinomyces sp_Oral_Taxon_178, Actinomyces sp_Oral_Taxon_877, Prevotella nigrescens, Dialister micraerophilus, Eubacterium_XI G 1 infirmum were more abundant among surfaces with AWSL, and Streptococcus gordonii, Streptococcus sp._Oral_Taxon_058, Enterobacter sp._str._638 Streptococcus australis, Yersinia mollaretii, Enterobacter cloacae, Streptococcus sp._Oral_Taxon_71, Streptococcus sp._Oral_Taxon_F11, Centipeda sp._Oral_Taxon_D18 were more abundant among sound surfaces. Streptococcus mutans was detected on all surfaces in all patients, while Streptococcus sobrinus was detected only in three patients (mean relative abundances 7.1% and 0.6%, respectively). Neither species differentiated healthy from diseased sites. Diets of nine of the subjects were scored as high in fermentable carbohydrates (≧2X/day between meals). A direct association between relative abundances of bacteria and carbohydrate consumption was observed among 18 species. High consumption of fermentable carbohydrates and sound surfaces were associated with a reduction in bacterial diversity. PCoA plots displayed differences in bacterial community profiles between sound and diseased surfaces. Our study showed that, in addition to mutans streptococci, other species may be associated with the initiation of dental caries on occlusal surfaces, and that biofilm diversity of tooth surfaces is influenced by carbohydrate consumption and a surface's health status.

Métodos de detecção de cárie / Methods of caries detection

A Odontologia contemporânea não deve restringir-se a identificar cavidades, mas, também, despertar para um diagnóstico precoce das lesões cariosas iniciais. Os mais diversos e modernos métodos de detecção de cárie vêm sendo desenvolvidos com objetivo de tornar mais preciso o diagnóstico de cárie dental. Os métodos de detecção mais utilizados são os convencionais, porém a associação dos métodos proporciona melhores resultados ao exame clínico tradicional isolado. Este estudo teve como propósito a revisão de literatura sobre os métodos de detecção da doença cárie disponíveis atualmente, baseados nos métodos radiográficos, fluorescência a laser e corrente elétrica.

The contemporary Odontology cannot be restricted to just identify cavities, but must be interested in an early diagnosis of caries lesions. Varied and modern methods of caries detection are being developed, aiming to turn the diagnosis of dental caries more accurate. The conventional methods are most used for detection, however, the association of methods offer better results to the clinician. The purpose of this paper was to do a literature review and to compare the methods of caries detection, based on radiographic methods, laser fluorescence and electric chain.

Contribuição ao estudo dos fatores de risco para cárie em crianças infectadas pelo Hiv: hábitos de contatos salivares / Contribution to the risk factors study for dental caries in hiv infected children: contact salivary habits

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a relação entre oshábitos de contatos salivares (CHS)de responsáveis por crianças infectadas pelo HIV (HIV+) e por crianças sem evidências de imunossupressão (HIV-) com a experiência de cárie. Após consentimento assinado pelos responsáveis, a cavidade bucal de 63 crianças HIV+ (33 do sexo feminino) e de 58 crianças HIV- (21 do sexo feminino), com idade entre 3 e 12 anos, foram examinadas utilizando espelho bucal, sonda exploradora e gaze sob luz ambiente. Os responsáveis foram questionados sobre a presença de algum HCS, como: usar a mesma colher, limpar a chupeta na boca, beijar a boca da criança e assoprar a colher para esfriar alimentos. Para análise dos resultados foram utilizados os testes Qui-quadrado e Kruskal-Wallis. O ceod e CPOD médios foram 8,5(± 13,0) e 3,7(±7,2) para i grupo de crianças HIV+ e, 5,6(±6,5) e 2,1(±3,4) para o grupo HIV-, respectivamente. O grau de parentesco mais frequente foi de pais em ambos os grupos. 28 (44,4 por cento) responsáveis por crianças infectada pelo HIV e 69 por cento das crianças sem evidências de imunossupressão relataram a presença de algum HCS (p=0,007). O mais frequente foi assoprar a colher para esfriar alimento em ambos os grupos. Pode-se concluir que embora a frequência de HCS fosse maior no grupo de crianças HIV-, o mesmo não foi observado em relação à experiência de cárie, mostrando não haver relação entre a experiência nestes dois grupos e os HCS