Applicability of probabilistic graphical models for early detection of SARS-CoV-2 reactive antibodies after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in hematological patients.

Prior studies of antibody response after full SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in hematological patients have confirmed lower antibody levels compared to the general population. Serological response in hematological patients varies widely according to the disease type and its status, and the treatment given and its timing with respect to vaccination. Through probabilistic machine learning graphical models, we estimated the conditional probabilities of having detectable anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies at 3-6 weeks after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in a large cohort of patients with several hematological diseases (n= 1166). Most patients received mRNA-based vaccines (97%), mainly Moderna® mRNA-1273 (74%) followed by Pfizer-BioNTech® BNT162b2 (23%). The overall antibody detection rate at 3 to 6 weeks after full vaccination for the entire cohort was 79%. Variables such as type of disease, timing of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody therapy, age, corticosteroids therapy, vaccine type, disease status, or prior infection with SARS-CoV-2 are among the most relevant conditions influencing SARS-CoV-2-IgG-reactive antibody detection. A lower probability of having detectable antibodies was observed in patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma treated with anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies within 6 months before vaccination (29.32%), whereas the highest probability was observed in younger patients with chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms (99.53%). The Moderna® mRNA-1273 compound provided higher probabilities of antibody detection in all scenarios. This study depicts conditional probabilities of having detectable antibodies in the whole cohort and in specific scenarios such as B cell NHL, CLL, MM, and cMPN that may impact humoral responses. These results could be useful to focus on additional preventive and/or monitoring interventions in these highly immunosuppressed hematological patients.

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[Vesico-urethral lithiasis secondary to foreign body]. / Litiasis vésico-uretral secundaria a cuerpo extraño.

We report a case of vesico-urethral litiasis secondary to foreign body (gauze) calcificated, left in prostatic cell during prostate open surgery of performed twelve years ago. In the related literature we observe that most of foreign urinals bodies are secondary to the introduction through the urethra of objects with autoerotic finality in normal patients or more often with psychiatric disorders, and only a small proportion are of iatrogenic origin, mainly in the last ten years.

Litiasis vésico-uretral secundaria a cuerpo extraño / Vesico-uretral litiasis secondary to foreign body

Presentamos un caso de litiasis vésico-uretral secundaria a calcificación de cuerpo extraño (gasa)1,2, dejado en celda prostática durante la cirugía abierta de próstata practicada doce años antes. En la revisión de la literatura podemos ver que la mayor parte de cuerpos extraños urinarios son secundarios a la introducción a través de la uretra de objetos con fines autoeróticos3-5, en pacientes normales o principalmente con trastornos psiquiátricos, y sólo una pequeña proporción es de causa iatrogénica, sobre todo en los últimos diez años (AU)