RESUMO
BACKGROUND: It is commonly believed that mTOR inhibitors (mTORi) should not be used in high-immunological risk kidney transplant recipients due to a perceived increased risk of rejection. However, almost all trials that examined the association of optimal-dose mTORi with calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) have excluded hypersensitized recipients from enrollment. METHODS: To shed light on this issue, we examined 71 consecutive patients with a baseline calculated panel reactive antibody (cPRA) ≥50% that underwent kidney transplantation from June 2013 to December 2016 in our unit. Immunosuppression was based on CNI (tacrolimus), steroids and alternatively mycophenolic acid (MPA; n = 38), or mTORi (either everolimus or sirolimus, n = 33, target trough levels 3-8 ng/mL). RESULTS: Demographic and immunological risk profiles were similar, and almost 90% of patients in both groups received induction with lymphocyte-depleting agents. Cox-regression analysis of rejection-free survival revealed better results for mTORi versus MPA in terms of biopsy-proven acute rejection (hazard ratio [confidence interval], 0.32 [0.11-0.90], P = 0.031 at univariable analysis and 0.34 [0.11-0.95], P = 0.040 at multivariable analysis). There were no differences in 1-year renal function, Banff chronicity score at 3- and 12-month protocol biopsy and development of de novo donor-specific antibodies. Tacrolimus trough levels along the first year were not different between groups (12-mo levels were 8.72 ± 2.93 and 7.85 ± 3.07 ng/mL for MPA and mTORi group respectively, P = 0.277). CONCLUSIONS: This single-center retrospective cohort analysis suggests that in hypersensitized kidney transplant recipients receiving tacrolimus-based immunosuppressive therapy similar clinical outcomes may be obtained using mTOR inhibitors compared to mycophenolate.
Assuntos
Dessensibilização Imunológica/métodos , Rejeição de Enxerto/prevenção & controle , Imunossupressores/administração & dosagem , Transplante de Rim/efeitos adversos , Serina-Treonina Quinases TOR/antagonistas & inibidores , Adulto , Idoso , Inibidores de Calcineurina/administração & dosagem , Inibidores de Calcineurina/efeitos adversos , Dessensibilização Imunológica/efeitos adversos , Quimioterapia Combinada/efeitos adversos , Quimioterapia Combinada/métodos , Everolimo/administração & dosagem , Everolimo/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Glucocorticoides/administração & dosagem , Glucocorticoides/efeitos adversos , Rejeição de Enxerto/imunologia , Antígenos HLA/imunologia , Humanos , Imunossupressores/efeitos adversos , Isoanticorpos/imunologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ácido Micofenólico/administração & dosagem , Ácido Micofenólico/efeitos adversos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Sirolimo/administração & dosagem , Sirolimo/efeitos adversos , Serina-Treonina Quinases TOR/imunologia , Tacrolimo/administração & dosagem , Tacrolimo/efeitos adversos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
We describe the first known case of symptomatic infection resulting from human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) in simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplant recipients. The role of HHV-6 in solid-organ transplant recipients is not well defined. In hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT) HHV-6 may cause fever, rash, myelosuppression, interstitial pneumonitis, and encephalitis.
