RESUMO
Nrf2 is the major transcription factor that regulates many of the cytoprotective enzymes involved in the adaptive stress response. Modulation of Nrf2 could be therapeutically useful in a number of disease states. Activation can occur through either an electrophilic or non-electrophilic mechanism. To date, most of the research has focused on electrophilic Nrf2 activators, but there is increasing interest in non-electrophilic modulators of Nrf2. This Digest examines the current selection of small molecules that modulate Nrf2 through non-electrophilic mechanisms, and it highlights new opportunities for this important therapeutic target.
Assuntos
Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intracelular/metabolismo , Fator 2 Relacionado a NF-E2/agonistas , Fator 2 Relacionado a NF-E2/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intracelular/genética , Proteína 1 Associada a ECH Semelhante a Kelch , Modelos Moleculares , Fator 2 Relacionado a NF-E2/genética , Ligação Proteica , Conformação ProteicaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To report the incidence of inconspicuous penis in those referred to a pediatric urologist for circumcision or revision of circumcision. METHODS: We performed a chart review of 129 boys referred to one pediatric urologist during a 3-year period for circumcision. RESULTS: Of 129 patients, 30 (23%) had evidence of an inconspicuous penis on the physical examination. Eight (9%) of 94 patients referred for the initial circumcision and 22 (63%) of 35 patients referred for a circumcision revision had evidence of an inconspicuous penis on physical examination. CONCLUSIONS: Inconspicuous penis is an umbrella term used to categorize several anatomic anomalies that occur in newborn boys. The incidence of inconspicuous penis at physical examination in children referred for circumcision revision is remarkable. Circumcision is best delayed in these newborn patients until a later time.
Assuntos
Circuncisão Masculina/efeitos adversos , Pênis/anormalidades , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Anormalidades Congênitas/epidemiologia , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , ReoperaçãoRESUMO
Across Canada, the phenomenal success of home care has led to rapid growth, demand outstripping resources and fragmentation of services. These problems and many others are facing home care managers today. Four controversial issues are discussed and comments are made on how they may be (or should be) resolved: (a) what groups should home care serve? (b) what should the link be between home care and the other components of the health system? (c) co-ordination of the array of services for the elderly population and (d) control of home care.
