Estudio comparativo de la lactancia materna entre dos zonas básicas de salud de la Comunidad Valenciana / No disponible

Objetivos: valorar si existe distinta duración de la lactancia materna (LM) entre dos zonas básicas de salud de una comunidad autónoma. Evaluar la posible diferencia entre la población autóctona e inmigrante de una zona de salud. Finalmente, se plantea si se deben realizar cambios en la intervención de la promoción de la LM. Diseño: estudio prospectivo observacional. Material y métodos: diseño de cohorte de 528 niños nacidos entre enero de 2000 y abril de 2004 mediante entrevista realizada a la madre por el pediatra en los controles del programa de salud del niño. Resultados: se observa mayor instauración de LM al nacimiento en las dos zonas básicas de salud con respecto a la media de la Comunidad Valenciana. La intención y la duración de la LM son superiores en la población inmigrante en relación con la autóctona. La LM se mantiene en mayor porcentaje y durante más tiempo en la zona con estatus econó- mico y social más elevado. Conclusiones: es necesario incrementar la instauración de la LM desde las maternidades de los hospitales, y mantenerla durante más tiempo, lo que debe considerarse como objetivo de salud por los equipos de Atención Primaria. Conviene retrasar la introducción de la alimentación complementaria al sexto mes de vida para no interferir con el éxito de la LM (AU)

Objectives: social conditioning has an influence on the type of the lactation. This work attempts to assess the existence of significant differences between two basic health zones in a Regional Community. Also it attempts to assess possible differences between native and immigrant population in a health zone. Finally, another goal is to consider whether some changes should be performed or not, in the intervention on breastfeeding promotion. Design: prospective observational study. Material and methods: cohort design of 528 children born since January 2000 till April 2004 by means of an interview to the mother by the paediatrician during control visits of the Child Health Program. Results: a greater introduction of breastfeeding at birth is observed in both basic health zones analyzed, compared to the mean in the Valencia Community. The breastfeeding intention and duration are higher in the immigrant population than in the native one. The breastfeeding is maintained with a greater percentage and longer in the zone with a higher economic and social status. Conclusions: it is necessary to increase breastfeeding introduction in hospital maternities as well as to maintain it a longer time, which should be considered a health objective by Primary Care Teams. It is convenient to delay the introduction of the complementary diet till the 6th month after birth in order not to interfere in the success of breastfeeding (AU)

[Gastric emptying in children with gastroesophageal reflux. Evaluation by real time ultrasonography of the pyloric antrum]. / Vaciamiento gástrico en el niño afecto de reflujo gastroesofágico. Valoración mediante ecografía en tiempo real de la región antro-pilórica.

OBJECTIVE: We have studied gastric emptying using real time ultrasound in 25 healthy children and 25 children with RGE. Our aim was to establish the time and mode of gastric emptying and the volume and the degree of antral dilation in both groups at baseline and after a test meal. We also evaluated the same parameters in the RGE cases after supplying a prokinetic. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The Bolondi technique was used to measure the basal antrum volume and emptying ratio, as well as the mode and final gastric emptying time at different time-points after a solid-liquid test meal. RESULTS: Patients with RGE have a clearly longer gastric emptying time with respect to the healthy subjects in both children less than one year of age (238 +/- 48.4 vs 176.3 +/- 36.7 minute; p = 0.03) and those 1-14 years old (206.3 +/- 48.2 vs 163.3 +/- 48.1 minutes, p = 0.03). An anomalous gastric emptying, similar to a broken line, can be observed in children suffering from RGE. In contrast, a progressive reduction of antrum dilation ration was seen in healthy children and not in patients with RGE. After cisapride, gastric volume goes down at all test times in RGE children. Therefore, a decrease in final gastric emptying time cannot be observed. CONCLUSIONS: Children suffering from RGE show an alteration in gastric emptying with a clearly greater time and an anomalous mode of emptying. The antrum remained dilated for longer periods after ingestion of test food.