Study protocol for a real-world evaluation of an integrated child and family health hub for migrant and refugee women.

INTRODUCTION: Continuity of child and family healthcare is vital for optimal child health and development for developmentally vulnerable children. Migrant and refugee communities are often at-risk of poor health outcomes, facing barriers to health service attendance including cultural, language, limited health literacy, discrimination and unmet psychosocial needs. 'Integrated health-social care hubs' are physical hubs where health and social services are co-located, with shared referral pathways and care navigation. AIM: Our study will evaluate the impact, implementation and cost-benefit of the First 2000 Days Care Connect (FDCC) integrated hub model for pregnant migrant and refugee women and their infants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study has three components. Component 1 is a non-randomised controlled trial to compare the FDCC model of care with usual care. This trial will allocate eligible women to intervention and control groups based on their proximity to the Hub sites. Outcome measures include: the proportion of children attending child and family health (CFH) nurse services and completing their CFH checks to 12 months of age; improved surveillance of growth and development in children up to 12 months, post partum; improved breastfeeding rates; reduced emergency department presentations; and improved maternal well-being. These will be measured using linked medical record data and surveys. Component 2 will involve a mixed-method implementation evaluation to clarify how and why FDCC was implemented within the sites to inform future roll-out. Component 3 is a within-trial economic evaluation from a healthcare perspective to assess the cost-effectiveness of the Hubs relative to usual care and the implementation costs if Hubs were scaled and replicated. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval was granted by the South Eastern Sydney Local Health District Human Research Ethics Committee in July 2021 (Project ID: 020/ETH03295). Results will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals and presented at relevant conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ACTRN12621001088831.

"Improving Access to Early Childhood Developmental Surveillance for Children from Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) Background".

INTRODUCTION: Developmental vulnerabilities in pre-school aged children from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds with low English proficiency are less likely to be identified through universal developmental surveillance. Barriers include low parental health literacy and low rates of attendance to mainstream child and family health services. Late detection of developmental vulnerabilities can have lifelong impacts on life trajectory. METHOD: Integrated outreach early childhood developmental surveillance was trialled in South East Sydney by local health services with non-government organisations (NGO) delivering early childhood education and support. NGO staff were trained in Parents Evaluation of Developmental Status (PEDS), a validated developmental screening tool to explore parental/carer and provider concerns [1]. Families with children identified with developmental concerns by NGO staff were referred to co-located or visiting Child and Family Health Nurses (CFHN), community child health, speech pathology or developmental services for developmental screening, assessment and/or care planning. RESULTS: Integrated health and NGO services improved access to developmental surveillance for CALD families in a non-threatening environment enabled by co-locating CFHN, or through visits by paediatric medical/speech pathology staff to participating playgroups. CONCLUSIONS AND DISCUSSION: Integration supported vulnerable families from CALD backgrounds to access developmental surveillance through child and family health services but required flexibility and adjustments by all involved.

Finding the common ground: where health and educational agendas meet--the School Health Incentive Program (SHIP) grants scheme.

ISSUE ADDRESSED: This paper investigates a school health promotion grants scheme as a strategy for increasing opportunities and support for schools to undertake a whole-school approach to health issues of their choice. METHOD: The School Health Incentive Program (SHIP) is an ongoing initiative offering annual grants and tailored support from health and education professionals. SHIP commenced in 2000 in the former South Eastern Sydney Area Health Service (SESAHS), New South Wales. It is a partnership between the Health Promotion Service (HPS), the three education sectors, parent groups, other health services and The Cancer Council NSW. RESULTS: Over the period 2000-04 SHIP awarded 103 grants to 71 schools from SESAHS, representing about 32,000 students. Average grant funding per student reached was $2.50. Schools used the Health Promoting Schools framework to plan and implement their health activities. Results included positive outcomes in the areas of curriculum planning, policy and procedure development, changes to physical and social environments and the development of partnerships between the school and the health sector, other organisations, parents and other schools. CONCLUSIONS: SHIP developed partnerships between health, education sectors and schools, encouraged schools to adopt a whole-school approach to health issues, and supported the development of subsequent health-focused initiatives.