RESUMO
The sugarcane weevil, Sphenophorus levis, is a wide-spread sugarcane pest in Brazil. Sphenophorus levis may depend on microorganisms that inhabit its intestinal tract. We examined the diversity of the gut microbiota of S. levis, which was characterized using culture-dependent and culture-independent methods. Analysis of 16S rRNA amplified directly from the gut community revealed the presence of 14 genera, one group from the Candidatus category, one uncultured group assigned to the family Flavobacteriaceae, and one uncultured group assigned to the family Enterobacteriaceae; all of them are members of the Alpha-Proteobacteria, Beta-Proteobacteria, Gamma-Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes phyla. Microorganisms isolated through culture-dependent methods were classified according to morphological parameters and by 16S rRNA gene sequences. In addition to bacteria, four filamentous fungi were isolated. A higher bacterial diversity was observed in field populations of larvae than in laboratory populations, according to the Shannon index (Field H' = 3.36; Laboratory H' = 3.26). Five genera of bacteria and two filamentous fungi were found to have cellulolytic activity. This is the first report of S. levis gut microbiota; it may contribute to development of strategies for controlling this sugarcane pest.
Assuntos
Bactérias/genética , DNA Bacteriano/genética , DNA Ribossômico/genética , Intestinos/microbiologia , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Gorgulhos/microbiologia , Animais , Bactérias/classificação , Bactérias/isolamento & purificação , Larva/microbiologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodosRESUMO
Treatment of M1 myeloid leukemia cells with leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) causes activation of transcription factors Stat1, Stat3 and Stat5a (signal transducers and activators of transcription). DNA-binding of Stat proteins was detectable for extended periods of time in LIF-treated M1 cells, which simultaneously underwent terminal differentiation. The relative composition of Stat factors in the protein-DNA complexes changed during time. Whereas Stat3 was activated up to 36 h during treatment with LIF, Stat5a was activated only short-termed. Similarly, high expression of the immediate early gene CIS (cytokine-inducible SH2-containing protein), a known target gene of Stat5 in hematopoietic cells, occurred only during the onset of differentiation. This suggests a role of Stat5a in the early phase of LIF-induced differentiation and growth arrest of M1 cells.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/metabolismo , Inibidores do Crescimento/farmacologia , Interleucina-6 , Leucemia Mieloide/metabolismo , Leucemia Mieloide/patologia , Linfocinas/farmacologia , Proteínas do Leite , Transativadores/metabolismo , Animais , Células CHO , Diferenciação Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Cricetinae , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/efeitos dos fármacos , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Genes Precoces/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Proteínas Imediatamente Precoces/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas Imediatamente Precoces/genética , Cinética , Fator Inibidor de Leucemia , Camundongos , Ligação Proteica/efeitos dos fármacos , RNA Mensageiro/efeitos dos fármacos , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Fator de Transcrição STAT3 , Fator de Transcrição STAT5 , Proteínas Supressoras da Sinalização de Citocina , Fatores de Tempo , Transativadores/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Tumorais Cultivadas , Proteínas Supressoras de TumorRESUMO
Major advances are occurring in the field of computer science that have placed us at the threshold of a significant revolution in the management and application of clinical data. These advances will have a profound effect on the practice of pharmacy and are occurring at a time when many hospital pharmacies are deciding whether to enhance or replace their current systems. To best position your department for the future, it is essential that you are knowledgeable of the advances being made, have a vision for how they will affect your practice, and undergo a well-organized and thorough selection process.
