Coding communication in consultation: Accurate, reliable, and efficient analysis.

Given the importance of consultation in school psychology practice, more research is needed to examine the types of interpersonal communication through which consultation is effective. This study revisited Erchul and Schulte (1990), which investigated the amount of transcription and coding of consultation sessions required for reliable and accurate estimates of particular consultation communication variables. Using Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count, this study examined tone, interrogatives, clout, affect, and use of the 1st-person plural pronoun within the instructional consultation, assessment, and teaming process. Results partially aligned with Erchul and Schulte in that tone, interrogatives, and clout could be reliably and accurately assessed by analyzing 1 complete consultation session or segments of 2 sessions. Affect and pronoun use could not be reliably and accurately measured by sampling segments of consultation sessions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

Psychological Distress in Chimpanzees Rescued From Laboratories.

The United States is one of the last countries allowing invasive research on chimpanzees. Biomedical research on chimpanzees commonly involves maternal deprivation, social isolation, intensive confinement, and repetitive invasive procedures. These physically harmful and psychologically traumatic experiences cause many chimpanzees to develop symptoms of psychopathology that persist even after relocation from laboratories to sanctuaries. Through semistructured interviews with chimpanzee caregivers, direct behavioral observations, and consultation of laboratory records, we were interested in qualitatively analyzing symptoms of psychological distress in a sample of 253 chimpanzees rescued from biomedical research now residing at an accredited chimpanzee sanctuary. We present the results of this analysis and include an illustrative case study of one rescued chimpanzee who engages in self-injurious behaviors and meets modified Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder. We discuss our results in light of recent policy changes regarding the use of chimpanzees in biomedical research in the United States and their implications for those involved in the rescue and rehabilitation of chimpanzees from biomedical research.