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2.
Riv Psichiatr ; 58(2): 50-58, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37070331

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Media communication during the covid-19 pandemic has been relevant for the population to receive information about the ongoing number of cases, deaths, and social restriction measures. Notably, the effects of the communication methods on young adults during the covid-19 pandemic have not been studied. Therefore the present study aimed to investigate the influence of communication modality about covid-19 on the perception of risk and judgment among young adults. METHODS: A double-blind cross-sectional study was designed. Three hundred four subjects (age range19-25 years old) saw a 4-minute video concerning data communication on the covid-19 pandemic and compiled an online questionnaire about their perceptions. Two videos were randomized, one presenting the covid-19 data negatively (HARD video) while the other showed a positive ongoing resolution of the pandemic (SOFT video). Association tests and nominal logistic regression were used to evaluate differences in responses among the two groups. RESULTS: The two videos lead to different reactions. Participants showed higher disagreement concerning the video content in the "SOFT" group compared to the "HARD" group. The responses of the "SOFT" group were more to be optimistic (OR=2.87, 95% CI 1.311-6.27) than those who had seen the "HARD" video. The sense of helplessness was lower in the "SOFT" compared "HARD" group (OR=3.02, 95% CI 1.311-6.96). The perception of fear was higher for the "HARD" group (OR=2.91, 95% CI 1.21-7-02). DISCUSSION: The modality of data presentation influenced the perception and feelings about the covid-19 pandemic. Likely, pre-existing perception of a pessimistic perspective was present in both groups; thus, the video did not lead to any change in the behavior. CONCLUSIONS: The phobic or counter-phobic reactions shown in the study participants highlighted the importance of the reliability of the information received and how previous feelings may influence the perception of the information.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Adulto Jovem , Humanos , Adulto , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Pandemias , SARS-CoV-2 , Estudos Transversais , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Comunicação
3.
Am Surg ; 89(6): 2325-2328, 2023 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35469431

RESUMO

The first half of the seventeenth century may be seen as the turning point of knowledge of human anatomy and physiology, as also demonstrated by the works by William Harvey (1578-1657) on the circulation of the blood. This article aims to present biographic context of the surgeon Gaspare Aselli (1581-1625) and his rather fortuitous discovery of the lacteals in Milan in 1622, that contributed to the comprehension of the lymphatic system. The experimentation on living animals (anatomia animata, living anatomy), and particularly the vivisection used by Gaspare Aselli provided the basis for much of the subsequent investigation of the human physiology. In particular, the discovery of lymphatics challenged the basis of the Galenic doctrine, denying the liver the central role it had formerly been granted in transforming food into blood and revolutionized the ancient hepatocentrism in favor of the modern concept of cardiocentrism.


Assuntos
Sistema Linfático , Vasos Linfáticos , Animais , Humanos , História do Século XVII , História do Século XVI , Sistema Linfático/anatomia & histologia , Fígado , Duodeno , Projetos de Pesquisa
5.
Minerva Obstet Gynecol ; 74(2): 186-192, 2022 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34664912

RESUMO

The history of the modern Italian gynecology is closely related to the figure of an enlightened clinician and passionate master, Luigi Mangiagalli (1850-1928), who, with good reason, can be considered one of the fathers of this discipline. In 1906, Mangiagalli founded the Obstetric-Gynecological Institute in Milan, directing this structure until 1925. The aim of this paper is to describe some aspects of Italian gynecology at the beginnings of the twentieth century through the analysis of 250 original medical records, dating back to the years 1906-1912, fragments of real life of women, midwives and doctors in a pioneering era of obstetrics and gynecology.


Assuntos
Ginecologia , Tocologia , Obstetrícia , Feminino , Ginecologia/história , Humanos , Itália , Prontuários Médicos , Tocologia/história , Obstetrícia/história , Gravidez
6.
J Prof Nurs ; 37(5): 923-927, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34742523

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has spread widely among healthcare workers. Recently, new effective vaccines against COVID-19 have begun to be administered to healthcare workers in several countries, including Italy. PURPOSE: Our aim was to evaluate the intentions to be vaccinated against COVID-19 in a population of nursing students, identifying factors associated with the intentions. METHOD: We conducted an anonymous online survey among 728 nursing students. The questionnaire collected data on demographic and academic characteristics, health status, vaccine attitudes, and specific reasons regarding the intention to get or not get the COVID-19 vaccination. RESULTS: A total of 422 nursing students completed the survey. Almost 81% of participants wanted to take the vaccine against coronavirus. The intention to adhere to the vaccination program was associated with male gender, a previous flu vaccine uptake, and high school education. The main reason in favor of taking the vaccine was to protect family and friends. The main reason for opposition was the fear of adverse events. CONCLUSION: It is fundamental to consider vaccine hesitancy in healthcare students and face it properly, since these are the healthcare workers of the future who will have to provide recommendations to patients and promote adherence to vaccination programs.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Vacinas contra Influenza , Estudantes de Enfermagem , Atitude , Vacinas contra COVID-19 , Estudos Transversais , Humanos , Masculino , Pandemias , SARS-CoV-2 , Vacinação
7.
J Med Biogr ; 29(4): 217-220, 2021 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32122248

RESUMO

The aim of this paper is to describe the figure of the Italian surgeon Iginio Tansini (1855-1943), who was full professor of surgery and director of the Department of Surgery at the University of Pavia (1903-1931). In that period, he modernized the School of Surgery founded by Antonio Scarpa (1752-1832) in the previous century; he introduced the experimental method in the discipline. One of his major contributions was an innovative technique of mastectomy followed by plastic reconstruction with myocutaneous flap. Tansini was a pioneer in oncology, supporting the importance of an early diagnosis based on a biopsy; he was also the first in Italy to practice a gastrectomy for stomach cancer with success in 1887.


Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama , Cirurgiões , História do Século XIX , História do Século XX , Humanos , Itália , Masculino , Mastectomia
8.
J Med Biogr ; 29(2): 110-117, 2021 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31226899

RESUMO

The aim of this paper is to describe the figure of the Italian uncompromising physician and poet Giovanni Rajberti (1805-1861), who was a strenuous opponent of non-scientific medical practices in Italy, including Animal Magnetism, Homeopathy and Hydropathy. In particular, he demonstrated the inconsistency of mesmerist practices in an exemplary yet less-known episode that involved the famous French writer Honoré de Balzac (1799-1850). Although his ideas hindered his career, Rajberti continued to criticize alternative practices, sustaining the value of true medicine and science against charlatans.


Assuntos
Médicos/história , Poesia como Assunto/história , História do Século XIX , Itália
11.
Saf Health Work ; 11(2): 215-221, 2020 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32596018

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to illustrate the historical role of the International Commission on Occupational Health (ICOH) congresses as an arena where national and international occupational medicine can dialogue and as the first example of scientific transferability of the research and prevention results that have had such an impact on global public health. METHODS: We used the ICOH Heritage Repository, in which ICOH congress proceedings (from the first congress in Milan in 1906 to the last congress, held in Dublin in 2018), are organised in an orderly way, updated and easily accessible according to open access logic. RESULTS: We describe studies by three physicians who submitted significant scientific work to ICOH congresses, one on the battle against ancylostomiasis (Volante, 1906), the second (Quarelli, 1928) on carbon disulphide poisoning, and the third (Viola, 1969) on the carcinogenicity of vinyl chloride monomer. Priority is given to Italian cases, on account of the authors' obvious familiarity with the issues. CONCLUSION: The visibility offered in ICOH conferences and their published proceedings has boosted the international spread of their findings, contributing to the scientific transferability of the research results and influencing the development of policies and prevention interventions that have had a great impact on global public health.

12.
Hand (N Y) ; 15(2): 252-254, 2020 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30079762

RESUMO

This article describes the origin of the term "chauffeur fracture" used to indicate an oblique fracture of the radial styloid process with extension into the wrist joint. This kind of fracture was originally described by the British surgeon Jonathan Hutchinson in 1866. The invention of the automobile increased the incidence of this fracture among chauffeurs and cabdrivers. Indeed, at the beginning of the 20th century, motor vehicles were started by means of a crank-handle connected to the engine, which needed to be turned vigorously clockwise by hand. If the motor started unexpectedly, the crank-handle could jerk back violently and thereby cause a wrist injury due to sudden hyperextension. We retrospectively reviewed the literature and historical articles to better define the historical origins of an often-forgotten eponym. In 1904, the French surgeon Just Lucas-Championnière first evidenced the occupational origin of this fracture, so introducing the term "chauffeur fracture" to identify this injury.


Assuntos
Epônimos , Fraturas do Rádio , Fraturas da Ulna , Humanos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Articulação do Punho
13.
J Craniofac Surg ; 30(8): 2302, 2019.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31689728
14.
Aerosp Med Hum Perform ; 90(11): 982-985, 2019 Nov 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31666161

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: During the Cold War years, the Space Race was largely supported by the efforts of many engineers and scientists, in particular human physiologists. Rodolfo Margaria (1901-1983), director of the Institute of Human Physiology at the University of Milan, was one of the most eminent and focused his studies on the mechanics of human locomotion in subgravity, in particular on the Moon's surface. Long before the real Moon landing, Margaria was able to correctly theorize how astronauts would walk on lunar soil, what would be the optimal pattern of progression, as well as determine the optimum and maximum speed at one-sixth of the Earth's gravity. On 21st July 1969 at 02:56 UTC, great excitement was aroused by the television images of Neil Armstrong's first steps on the Moon. Instead of walking, he moved around making small leaps, as expected from Margaria and colleagues.Grasso GS, Beretta EP, Miserocchi GA, Riva MA. Rodolfo Margaria and the first walk on the Moon. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2019; 90(11):982-985.


Assuntos
Gravitação , Lua , Voo Espacial , Caminhada/fisiologia , História do Século XX
16.
Saf Health Work ; 10(2): 245-247, 2019 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31297289

RESUMO

Occupational risks are often underestimated in midwifery. It is not commonly known that occupational risks were originally described by the Italian physician Bernardino Ramazzini (1633-1714) at the beginning of the 18th century. Our aim was to describe occupational risks in midwifery from Ramazzini to modern times. The original text by Bernardino Ramazzini was analyzed. A review of modern scientific articles on occupational risks in midwifery was conducted. Ramazzini identified two major occupational risks in midwifery: infections and awkward postures. Modern literature seems to agree with his considerations, focusing on infection, use of universal protection and personal protective equipment, and musculoskeletal problems. Modern studies also evidenced posttraumatic stress disorder that was probably postulated by Ramazzini himself. The poor number of articles in literature on midwives' occupational risks shows a lack of interest toward this issue. Prevention should therefore be emphasized in this field, so high-quality studies on occupational risks in midwifery are needed.

17.
Arch Environ Occup Health ; 74(1-2): 30-41, 2019.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30507356

RESUMO

In 1910, the founder of the Clinica del Lavoro of Milan, Luigi Devoto established a chemistry laboratory in the new institute, sustaining its importance in the study of occupational diseases. In 1948, the new director of the Clinica, Enrico C. Vigliani established the first laboratory of industrial hygiene in Italy, in the years of the economic boom. In 1960s, this laboratory, directed by Nicola Zurlo, significantly contributed to the research in the field. In 1980s and 1990s, the laboratory of the Clinica started to explore the field of environmental toxicology, studying the effects of benzene and other traffic pollutants on the general population. The analysis of history of the Clinica del Lavoro of Milan may represent a valuable tool for studying the origin and the development of industrial hygiene, occupational and environmental toxicology in the twentieth century.


Assuntos
Saúde Ambiental/história , Laboratórios/história , Doenças Profissionais/história , Saúde Ocupacional/história , Toxicologia/história , História do Século XX , História do Século XXI , Humanos , Itália
20.
Int Orthop ; 42(2): 437-440, 2018 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29119295

RESUMO

Marcello Malpighi (1628-1694), who is referred to as the father of microscopical anatomy, histology, physiology and embryology was an Italian biologist and physician, well known for his discoveries on microscopical anatomy of kidney, circulating and lymphatic systems. As well as being a brilliant anatomist, Malpighi was also a valued physician so far as to became the personal physician of Pope Innocent XII (1615-1700). On 23 August 1691, one month after his election, the Pope fell to the ground hitting his left hip. Malpighi, as his personal physician, was immediately called and diagnosed a hip fracture. At that time fractures were generally treated by surgeons, barbers and sawbones, while physicians were mainly concerned with internal diseases. Despite that, Marcello Malpighi cured Pope Innocent XII's hip fracture by applying some modern traumatologic concepts. This article analyses how Malpighi treated this hip fracture, comparing it with the current approach.


Assuntos
Repouso em Cama/história , Tratamento Conservador/história , Fraturas do Quadril/terapia , Idoso , Anatomia , Repouso em Cama/métodos , Tratamento Conservador/métodos , Fraturas do Quadril/história , História do Século XVII , Humanos , Itália , Masculino , Traumatologia
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