Tendencias y desafíos en la creación de metadatos en proyectos de archivo de la web / Trends and challenges of metadata creation in web archiving projects

Resumen Este trabajo tiene como objetivo identificar prácticas y desafíos relacionados al manejo de metadatos en proyectos de archivado web. Se lleva a cabo un análisis de literatura sobre sobre metadatos en archivos de la web publicadas desde 2013, con particular atención a identificar estudios sobre estas prácticas en archivos y bibliotecas. Estos hallazgos apuntan a la necesidad de proveer una mayor contextualización sobre la conformación de un archivo o colección web, así como la importancia de tender puentes entre prácticas bibliotecológicas y archivísticas. Además, para profundizar sobre la importancia de los metadatos en proyectos de archivo de la web, se presenta como estudio de caso la conformación y catalogación de la Colección Web #RickyRenuncia, que forma parte del Proyecto RickyRenuncia, una iniciativa colaborativa y voluntaria para documentar las protestas que llevaron a la renuncia del gobernador de Puerto Rico en julio de 2019. A manera de conclusión, se argumenta sobre la necesidad de conocer más sobre prácticas de archivado web en Latinoamérica y el Caribe, y sobre la posibilidad de establecer redes de colaboración dirigidas a fortalecer la preservación de contenidos web en la región.

Abstract This paper aims to identify practices and challenges related to metadata management in web archiving projects. An analysis of literature on metadata in web archives published since 2013 is carried out, with particular attention to identify studies on these practices in archives and libraries. These findings point to the need to provide further contextualization on the shaping of a web archive or collection, as well as the importance of building bridges between library and archival practices. In addition, to deepen on the importance of metadata in web archiving projects, the conformation and cataloging of the #RickyRenuncia Web Collection, which is part of the RickyRenuncia Project, a collaborative and voluntary initiative to document the protests that led to the resignation of the governor of Puerto Rico in July 2019, is presented as a case study. By way of conclusion, it argues about the need to learn more about web archiving practices in Latin America and the Caribbean, and about the possibility of establishing collaborative networks aimed at strengthening the preservation of web content in the region.

Therapeutic Communities In Latin America: An International Descriptive Study In Different Countries Across Latin America / Comunidades terapéuticas en Latinoamérica: un estudio descriptivo en varios países de Latinoamérica

ABSTRACT Objective: In Latin America is not known for certain the quantity or quality of therapeutic communities (TCs) available in the region. The objective of this study is to describe and quantify the quantity and quality of the existing TCs in 5 different countries. Design: A multicenter quantitative description of the TCs was conducted in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico and Peru. Methods: A survey was realized through the TCs regulatory entities of each country that accepted to participate in the study. Results: Of the 285 TCs identified in the 5 countries, 176 (62%) accepted to participate in this study. The TCs quality vas evaluated according to the scoring system stablished by De Leon, finding that 70% of the facilities have scores of 11/12 or 12/12 using these criteria. We also found that the majority of the De Leon criteria are known by more than 90% of the institutions, however, the dimensions of "separation of the community" and "encounter groups between residents" were the least known with 63 and 85% respectively. The main reasons for abandonment of TCs were "not accepting the rules of the institution", "lack of money" and "not feeling comfortable with the facilities". 98% of the TCs provided services to other substance abuse problems, 94% for alcohol and 40% for other types of substances. Conclusions: The majority of the TCs identified in our sample meet the quality criteria stablished by De Leon, mostly providing services for substance abuse. However, they should put in place additional policies to improve the unfulfilled conditions and investigate the reasons for the dissatisfaction and abandonment of these institutions.

RESUMEN Objetivo: En Latinoamérica no se conoce a ciencia cierta la cantidad o la calidad de las comunidades terapéuticas disponibles en los distintos países de la región. El objetivo de este estudio es identificar y describir la cantidad y la calidad de las comunidades terapéuticas existentes en 5 países de la región. Diseño: Se realizó un estudio multicéntrico descriptivo cuantitativo de las comunidades terapéuticas en Argentina, Brasil, Colombia, México y Perú. Métodos: Mediante las entidades reguladoras de las comunidades terapéuticas de cada país, se realizó una encuesta a las que aceptaran participar en el estudio. Resultados: De las 285 comunidades terapéuticas identificadas en los 5 países, 176 (62%) aceptaron participar en el estudio. La calidad de las comunidades terapéuticas se evaluó por las puntuaciones establecidas con los criterios de De León; se encontró que el 70% de las instituciones tienen puntuaciones de 11/12 o 12/12 según estos criterios. También se encontró que cumplen la mayoría de los criterios de De León más del 90% de las instituciones; sin embargo, las dimensiones «separación de la comunidad¼ y «grupos de encuentro entre residentes¼ fueron los menos cumplidos (el 63 y el 85% de las comunidades respectivamente). Las principales razones de abandono de las comunidades terapéuticas fueron no aceptar las normas de la institución, falta de recursos económicos y no sentirse a gusto con ella. El 98% de las comunidades terapéuticas prestaban servicios para problemas de abuso de otras sustancias, el 94% para abuso de alcohol y el 40% para otros tipos de abusos. Conclusiones: La mayoría de las comunidades terapéuticas identificadas en nuestra muestra cumplen los criterios de calidad establecidos por De León, y en su gran mayoría prestan servicios para abuso de sustancias, pero deben instaurarse políticas para mejorar las condiciones no cumplidas e indagar los motivos de las disconformidades y el abandono de estas instituciones.

Quality measurers of therapeutic communities for substance dependence: an international collaborative study survey in Latin America.

BACKGROUND: In Latin America, substance related disorders are highly prevalent and one of the treatment strategies is the Therapeutic Communities (TCs), however, in Latin America there is scarce data about this treatment strategies, their quality, drop-out rates and patient satisfaction. METHODS: Based on a previous study in 5 Latin American countries, the TCs who had a score equal or higher than 9 according to the De Leon criteria which are some fundamental items that the TCs should meet, were selected to carry out a descriptive and retrospective study of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the TCs. RESULTS: Data from 58 TCs in 5 countries were included, with a sample of 1414 patients interviewed, of which most were single men, with no hospitalization history in a therapeutic community. Marijuana was the most commonly substance used in the 30 days prior to hospitalization, with 78% of interviewees referring alcohol consumption in the last 6 months and an average onset of psychoactive substances at 16 years of age. A 79% of the patients interviewed perceived some improvement during their stay in the TCs. The less fulfilled Quality Indicators by the TCs were "Requesting a professional qualification to former addicts that belonged to the program" and "Work as part of the therapeutic program". Among the reasons for discharge found in the database, 44% were due to therapeutic discharge with fulfillment of the treatment plan and 44% withdraws. CONCLUSION: The user satisfaction with TCs, in terms of infrastructure and quality are quite high, as the fulfillment of essential quality items, however, the follow up information to evaluate effectiveness of the treatment is poor or in some cases unknown.

Mexican case report of a never-treated Laron syndrome patient evolving to metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and stroke.

Glucose and lipid profile together with blood pressure should always be considered for low sera-IGF-1 patients. Even when adulthood is reached, IGF-1 therapy in these patients should be pursued as metabolic and protective cellular effects could be triggered. Real incidence of growth hormone insensitivity is still to be uncovered.

Osteoporosis in celiac disease: a Hispanic pilot study.

UNLABELLED: Osteoporosis has become an issue of worldwide significance. This condition has been demonstrated in Celiac disease (CD) populations in Europe, South America and the United States. However, data from the Hispanic population is limited. METHODS: Record review containing patients with Celiac disease in a Gastroenterology Clinic to evaluate the association of decreased bone density such as Osteoporosis and Osteopenia in subjects with Celiac disease in the southern population of Puerto Rico. We compared the results of Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Clinical manifestations of CD in Hispanic population are described. RESULTS: Celiac disease data was available for seven patients; of those 6 were female (86%). The average age was 46 yr Most patients were overweight with a body mass index value of 29. CD patients showed abnormalities in hemoglobin, TSH and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D. The screening markers for CD showed a high value on IgA. The data to excel is the association of IgA vs. TSH showing strength of 90%. There was significantly lower bone density in women with Celiac Disease accounting for 86% of the cases. CONCLUSION: Women with Celiac Disease were associated with lower bone density and a higher prevalence of Osteopenia but not Osteoporosis.

[Social and clinical features of pregnancy in adolescents]. / Características sociales y clínicas del embarazo en adolescentes.

Pregnancy in adolescents is a public health problem that should be evaluated in the framework of a socio ecological model. Puerto Rico is among the countries with a higher pregnancy rate among adolescents, 42 per 1000 births for 2002. This is an observational cross-sectional study of deliveries of pregnant adolescents carried out at Hospital San Lucas II between the years 2000 to 2004. The total number of deliveries that fulfilled the selection criteria was 110. The data was obtained from the medical record of the mother and the newborn. The variables analyzed were: age, prenatal care, age of gestation, birthweight of the newborn, Apgar, maternal infections, infections in the newborn, education of the mother, work and marital state. The percentage of deliveries preterm was greater than the expected for adult women. The outcomes in the newborns preterm were worse than those born at term. The percentage of caesarean sections in the adolescents was smaller than in the population of women in general. Teenage mothers tend to drop out of school. The results of our study indicate the need of interventions following an ecological model in order to be more effective in the prevention of adolescent pregnancies and its consequences.