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11.
Transplant Proc ; 36(10): 2896-7, 2004 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15686655

RESUMO

Delays in diagnosis of brain death have definite consequences for the organ retrieval and transplantation process. It is advisable to use accurate diagnostic methods. Transcranial Doppler sonography is a well-accepted technique for diagnosing cerebral circulatory arrest. However, in some cases, the access to the intracranial circulation via the temporal window is difficult. In 43 brain-dead patients we evaluated the rate of impossibility of insonation of middle cerebral artery using a temporal window and the usefulness of an orbital window for insonation of the carotid siphon. In 39 patients the usual protocol of insonation (temporal window and foramen magnum window) was sufficient to demonstrate cerebral circulatory arrest. In 10 patients, including all the cases in which it was impossible to use a temporal approach, the carotid siphon was successfully insonated, showing in all the cases the existence of a sonographic pattern compatible with cerebral circulatory arrest. It may be concluded that the use of an orbital window for exploring intracranial circulation by transcranial Doppler sonography can be a useful tool in cases of difficult sonic windows.


Assuntos
Morte Encefálica/diagnóstico por imagem , Morte Encefálica/diagnóstico , Ultrassonografia Doppler Transcraniana/métodos , Humanos , Coleta de Tecidos e Órgãos/métodos
12.
Transplant Proc ; 36(10): 2898-900, 2004 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15686656

RESUMO

Since cadaveric donation is the main source of organs for transplantation in many countries, the diagnosis of brain death is an important issue. The cessation of cerebral circulation is one phenomenon closely related to brain death. Transcranial Doppler sonography is one of the accepted techniques to establish cessation of cerebral circulation. One of the limitations attributed to Doppler is the lack of sensitivity for this diagnosis. The objective of this research was to establish whether transcranial Doppler sonography showed acceptable sensitivity and whether this was affected by the location of the intracranial mass effect. Twenty-four patients underwent transcranial Doppler sonography to establish the incidence of the three sonographic patterns associated with brain death: separation diastole-systole, reverberating flow, and systolic spikes. In all the cases the insonation of the arteries of the base of the skull was performed. In supratentorial lesions, the predominant pattern was a reverberating flow, while in infratentorial lesions systolic spikes pattern was most frequent. Our study showed a high sensitivity of transcranial Doppler sonography for the diagnosis of brain death and the existence of different mechanisms of cerebral circulatory arrest depending on the location of the intracranial pressure wedge.


Assuntos
Morte Encefálica/diagnóstico por imagem , Morte Encefálica/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Supratentoriais/diagnóstico por imagem , Ultrassonografia Doppler Transcraniana/métodos , Adulto , Cadáver , Circulação Cerebrovascular , Diástole , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Sístole , Doadores de Tecidos
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