[Echo-AM1-1 encephaloscope]. / Ekhoéntsefaloskop "Ekho-AMI-1".

A new miniature model of the A-mode ultrasonic echoencephaloscope, 0.88 MHz, has been developed and adopted to practical use in neurology. The device contains a detector for amplitude determination of echopulsation and curve (echopulsograms) recording. It is highly sensitive, cost-effective, which enhances the quality of rapid diagnosis of central nervous diseases, including those of vascular genesis, in in- and outpatient settings.

[The possibilities of the psychophysiologic eye-hand test in screening cerebrovascular insufficiency]. / Vozmozhnosti psikhofiziologicheskogo testa "glaz-ruka" v skrininge tserebrovaskuliarnoi nedostatochnosti.

The medical and technical basis of the psychophysiological eye-hand test has been developed. The authors' experience with this tool for cerebrovascular insufficiency (CVI) diagnosis has been generalized studying 250 factory workers and 27 patients with vascular encephalopathy. The study has shown the eye-hand test to be a method of screening CVI with sensitivity 91%, specificity 88%, and accuracy 90%.

[The role of echopulsography in the detection of cerebrovascular pathology]. / Rol' ekhopul'sografii v vyiavlenii tserebrovaskuliarnoi patologii.

Echopulsography was used to examine intracranial veins and arteries of the carotid and vertebrobasilar basins in 805 workers, 41 children, 1500 inpatients aged 1 to 80 years. The normo-, hyper- and dystonic types of echopulsograms were established and the importance of the asymmetry of their amplitudes by 30% and over 70% was proved. Early screening of the most prevalent cerebrovascular diseases helps specify individual characteristics of preventing cerebrovascular pathology.

[Diagnostic criteria of ultrasonographic methods of the study of cerebral venous circulatory failure in initial manifestations of cerebrovascular disorders]. / Diagnosticheskie kriterii ul'trazvukovykh metodov issledovaniia mozgovoi venoznoi distsirkuliatsii pri nachal'nykh proiavleniiakh nedostatochnosti krovosnabzheniia mozga.

Altogether 94 patients with initial manifestations of brain blood supply failure (IMBBSF) consequent on vegetative vascular dystonia and atherosclerosis of the cerebral vessels were examined. Clinical, echopulsographic and dopplerographic examinations demonstrated that 54 patients had cerebral venous discirculation. The main diagnostic criteria for cerebral venous discirculation in patients with IMBBSF lie in an increase of the configuration of the diastolic part of the echoPG of the cerebral arteries, possibility of recording echoPG of the cerebral veins, a rise of the linear velocity of the blood flow in the jugular veins under head-down test during dopplerography.

[Significance of subjective symptoms and diagnostic criteria in initial forms of cerebral circulation insufficiency]. / Znachimost' sub"ektivnykh simptomov i diagnosticheskie kriterii pri nachal'nykh formakh nedostatochnosti krovosnabzheniia mozga.

Piracetam was applied to the treatment of 60 patients with initial manifestations of brain circulation failure and stage I circulatory encephalopathy. The drug exerted a beneficial therapeutic effect by reducing high brain vascular resistance (both extra- and intracranial) and by increasing the lowered volume of pulse fluctuations. It made fibrinolytic blood activity and aggregation of formed elements of the blood return to normal. An appreciable antiatherogenic effect was discovered as well. It should be taken into consideration that in patients with a dramatic lowering of pulse fluctuations, the use of piracetam in a dose of 1.6 g/day may enhance headache. In such cases the dose should be reduced.

[Characteristics of various indicators of the rheological properties of the blood in patients with initial manifestations of cerebrovascular insufficiency and ischemic stroke]. / Osobennosti sostoianiia nekotorykh pokazatelei reologicheskikh svoistv krovi u bol'nykh s nachal'nymi proiavleniiami nedostatochnosti krovosnabzheniia mozga i s ischemicheskim insul'tom.

The rheological properties of the blood and aggregation of erythrocytes and platelets were studied in 30 apparently healthy subjects and in 220 patients with impaired blood supply to the brain. The results have confirmed a high informative value of the complex of parameters of rotational viscosimetry: the limit of blood fluidity, apparent blood viscosity, caisson viscosity of the blood, and the coefficient of erythrocyte cohesion (A) and of the parameters of aggregation of the formed elements of the blood, this complex allowing an objective differentiation between microcirculatory peculiarities in patients with initial manifestations of cerebral blood supply insufficiency (IMCBSI) versus patients with ischemic stroke (IS). It has been elucidated for the first time that patients with IMCBSI secondary to atherosclerosis have a low A parameter confirming optimization of the microcirculation following elevation of the hematocrit. The alterations in the rheological properties of the blood were the greatest in patients with IS within the first three days after the onset of the disease. Elevated cohesion of erythrocytes persisted for one month after the onset of IS. It has been proved that repeated examinations are necessary for the individual and adequate correction of the blood rheology.

[Indications for using trental in the initial manifestations of inadequate blood supply to the brain]. / Pokazaniia k primeneniiu trentala pri nachal'nykh proiavleniiakh nedostatochnosti krovosnabzheniia mozga.

The action of trental was studied in 125 patients with initial manifestations of cerebral circulation insufficiency (CCI) secondary to vasomotor dystonia or atherosclerosis. Trental was used in the form of tablets (100 mg 3 times daily) for 60 days. To assess the therapeutic effect of trental, the authors analyzed the time-course of subjective manifestations, parameters of echopulsography of cerebral vessels and biomicroscopy of the conjunctiva, and the data of the total blood count and the rheological properties of the blood. In patients with initial manifestations of CCI trental decreased the cerebral vascular resistance and improved the venous outflow, reduced platelet adhesive and aggregation properties and diminished blood viscosity. It also elevated the spontaneous fibrinolytic activity of the blood. The advisability of selective administration of the drug for treating initial manifestations of CCI was confirmed.

[Echopulsography of the basilar artery]. / Ekhopul'sografiia osnovnoi arterii.

A method of recording echopulsograms of the basilar artery has been developed and tested in experimental and clinical conditions. The examinations were carried out in 40 healthy individuals and 18 patients with basilar artery patholody. Standards of the echopulsograms were elaborated, and the latters' changes in patients with atherosclerotic stenosis, thrombosis, and basilar artery aneurism were determined.