Ergonomia en actividades académicas desde casa

Introducción: A consecuencia de la emergencia sanitaria por el virus SARS-CoV2, las actividades académicas migraron de forma repentina a un entorno de trabajo remoto; esto provocó que los hogares de todo el mundo se convirtieran en el asentamiento urgente de las estaciones de trabajo académico. La ergonomia como disciplina científica cobra relevancia al ser un aliado subsanador para mitigar los riesgos asociados con la aparición de lesiones musculoesqueléticas. De acuerdo con la memoria estadística del Instituto Mexicano de Seguridad Social, IMSS1, en el primer año de pandemia de COVID-19 se registraron 30 860 atenciones por lesiones en la región de manos y muñecas, 9696 en la zona de cabeza y cuello, 6251 dorsopatías y 1673 atenciones por astenopia a jóvenes de entre 18 a 29 años que desarrollaban actividades escolares. Objetivo: En este sentido, se aborda la presente investigación para conocer la composición de los espacios de trabajo académico en casa y analizar si existen factores o elementos que incidan en el riesgo de lesiones musculoesqueléticas en los estudiantes del nivel superior. Metodología: A través de un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales que cuenta con el constructo latente de las posibles lesiones (PL) en manos, espalda, piernas, cabeza, vista, oído, agotamiento físico y la respiración, las variables observables se atribuyen a los espacios utilizados para las actividades académicas en casa, muebles y equipos, Condiciones y Medio Ambiente (CyMAT). Resultados y discusión: Se encontró que un mal diseño de la estación de trabajo académico en casa, aunado a la utilización inadecuada de los muebles y equipos, aumenta la posibilidad de presentar síntomas asociados con las LMEs y, por tanto, daños en la salud del estudiante. Conclusión: La mediación de las estaciones de trabajo a través de la implementación de elementos ergonómicos mejora de forma sustancial la calidad de trabajo académico en casa, y hace evidente la importancia de la ergonomía como disciplina científica.

Introduction: As a result of the health emergency of the SARS-CoV2 virus, academic activities suddenly migrated to a remote work environment, causing homes around the world to become the urgent settlement of academic workstations. Ergonomics as a scientific discipline becomes relevant as it is a healing ally to mitigate the risks associated with the appearance of musculoskeletal injuries. According to the statistical report of the Mexican Institute of Social Security, IMSS1, in the first year of the COVID 19 pandemic, 30,860 care for injuries in the hands and wrists region, 9,696 in the head and neck area, 6,251 dorsopathies and 1,673 care for asthenopia were registered to young people between 18 and 29 years old who develop school activities. Objective: In this sense, this research is addressed to know the composition of academic workspaces at home and analyze if some factors or elements affect the risk of musculoskeletal injuries in students of the higher level. Methodology: Through a structural equations model that has the latent construct of possible injuries (PL) in the hands, back, legs, head, eyesight, hearing, physical exhaustion, and breathing; the observable variables are attributed to the spaces used for academic activities at home, furniture and equipment, conditions and environment (CyMAT) Results and discussion: It is explored that a bad design of the academic workstation at home coupled with the inappropriate use of furniture and equipment increases the possibility of presenting symptoms associated with SCI and therefore, damage to the student's health. Conclusion: The mediation of workstations through the implementation of ergonomic elements substantially improves the quality of academic work at home, making evident the importance of ergonomics as a scientific discipline

Equivalence in Color-coded Duplex Sonography Parameters before Complex Microsurgery.

Background: Color-coded duplex sonography (CCDS) is a widely proposed noninvasive diagnostic tool in microsurgery. CCDS has been applied to lower extremity salvage cases to define appropriate blood flow velocity criteria for achieving arterial success in diabetic foot and complex microsurgery cases. This study aimed to compare the success ratio of free flaps when using CCDS versus cases where CCDS was not used. Methods: We included complex microsurgery cases from 2019 to 2021. These cases were subsequently categorized into two groups: group A consisted of cases where CCDS parameters were applied, whereas group B comprised cases where CCDS was not performed at all. Results: The study encompassed 14 cases (11 men and three women). The age range varied from 23 to 62 years, with an average age of 42. Using CCDS analysis and planning demonstrated improved outcomes in comparison with cases where CCDS was not performed, albeit without statistical significance (P = 0.064). Conclusions: The application of CCDS proves to be beneficial in the realm of microsurgery. Although not achieving statistical significance, our data imply that CCDS utilization holds promise for enhancing microsurgical procedures.

Comparison of wire versus Nylon in Bonny-Mallet Finger treated with pull-out surgery.

INTRODUCTION: Zone I extensor tendon lesion accompanies an avulsion fracture of the bone insertion. A common complication of traditional pull-out is the necrosis of the site of the button in the finger pad. Zhang described an alternative way of anchoring the cerclage to the Kirschner Wire (K-wire) to relieve the pressure in the finger pad. He describes the use of wire cerclage, for fracture reduction. The objective of this paper is to perform a comparison between wire and nylon using Zhang pull-out technique. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We performed a cohort study comparing Nylon versus Wire in Zhang technique. Comparing cosmetic satisfaction, stiffness, residual pain, and Crawford scale. RESULTS: When comparing the outcomes between both groups, we found no statistical difference in cosmetic satisfaction (p = 0.285), stiffness (p = 0.460), and residual pain (p =1.000), overall complications (p = 1.000), or Crawford scale (p = 1.000). We only found a significant statistical difference in pain when removing the cerclage, being greater in Group B (p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS: We found no significant outcome difference between nylon and wire cerclage. However, at the time of removing it, patients experience less pain.

INTRODUCCIÓN: Una complicación común del pull-put tradicional es la necrosis del sitio del botón en la yema del dedo. Zhang describió una forma alternativa de anclar el cerclaje al clavo de Kirschner para aliviar la presión en la yema del dedo. Describe el uso de cerclaje de alambre para la reducción de fracturas. El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una comparación entre el alambre y el nailon utilizando la técnica de extracción de Zhang. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Realizamos un estudio de cohorte comparando la técnica de nailon versus alambre en Zhang. Comparación de satisfacción cosmética, rigidez, dolor residual y escala de Crawford. RESULTADOS: Al comparar los resultados entre ambos grupos, no encontramos diferencias estadísticas en la satisfacción cosmética (p = 0.285), rigidez (p = 0.460) y dolor residual (p = 1.000), complicaciones generales (p = 1.000) o escala de Crawford (p = 1.000). Solo encontramos una diferencia estadística significativa en el dolor al retirar el cerclaje, siendo mayor en el Grupo B (p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONES: No encontramos diferencias significativas en los resultados entre el cerclaje de nailon y el cerclaje con alambre. Pero, al momento de retirarlo, los pacientes experimentan menos dolor. Tipo de estudio: terapéutico Nivel de evidencia III.

Quantifying semi-volatile organic contaminants in solution by internal standard addition method requires prompt addition of the internal standards.

The precision and accuracy of quantifying semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) in solution by GC/MS, particularly when volume errors are unpredictable or difficult to control, are improved by utilizing internal standards (IS). Not obvious though is the extent to which timing IS addition affects measurement. To illustrate this fact, the mean concentrations of 60 SVOCs (40 or 80 µg/mL) in two identical solutions into which IS were added at different times are compared in this study. In one solution, IS were added promptly on preparation (reference); in the other, IS were added after 36 days of incubation (treatment). To investigate the role that temperature might play here as well, equal fractions of each solution were incubated at - 20 °C, 4 °C or 22 °C. Results, as determined by one-way ANOVA, show that there were no differences between the reference solutions at the beginning and after 36 days (F3,236 = 0.244, p = 0.865), but that significant differences exist between the reference solutions collectively and the treatment irrespective of temperature (F6,413 = 6.76, p = 1.99e-06). These results, confirmed by a post hoc analysis, suggest that uncertainty is introduced into SVOC quantitation when internal standards are not added promptly into SVOCs solutions on preparation.

Disappearance kinetics of 56 toxic semi-volatile organic compounds under common storage conditions.

Synthetic semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) are widely distributed in the environment due to their ever expanding uses. But because some are hazardous, their presence in matrices such as indoor air, wastewater, fish tissue and marine sediment samples (where they could adversely impact public health and the environment) is carefully monitored. To do so, samples are collected, stabilized for transport to laboratories (which are often off-site) and purified for analysis. In-between purification and analysis, the stability of SVOCs in storage is largely assumed. In this study, we test this assumption by assessing the collective stability of 56 SVOCs (amines, halo ethers, nitrobenzenes, phenols, phthalate esters, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and chlorinated compounds) in mixtures stored at -20 °C, 4 °C or 22 °C over a 53 day period. Results show that (i) SVOCs are stable in darkened Amber vials, (ii) that constant temperature is more important than fluctuating temperature in maintaining the integrity of samples in storage, and (iii) that the collective disappearance of SVOCs in colorless 1 mL vials follow first-order kinetics with half-lives (in days) of 28 ± 8, 26 ± 3 and 31 ± 7 at -20 °C, 4 °C or 22 °C, respectively. PAHs (and phthalate esters) were mostly stable with dibenz[a,h]anthracene, indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene and 1,12-benzoperylene showing the longest half-lives (57 ± 2 days at -20 °C and 65 ± 6 days at 4 °C, respectively). The degree of substitution on phenols by deactivating groups appears to introduce stability differences. While mono-substituted phenols (chloro and nitro) were sensitive to temperature changes, di- and tri-substituted phenols (dinitro, dichloro and trichloro) were not. Overall, light was found to be the most important factor in the disappearance of SVOCs in colorless vials.

¿Es la contratación de investigadores rentable económicamente para los centros del Sistema Nacional de Salud? El caso del Programa Miguel Servet / Is the recruitment of researchers economically profitable for institutions of the National Health System? The case of the Miguel Servet Programme

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Incorporación de investigadores a los hospitales y centros de investigación del Sistema Nacional de Salud. Seguimiento y evaluación del Programa Miguel Servet de contratos posdoctorales / Incorporation of researchers to hospitals and research centres of the Spanish National Health System. Monitoring and evaluating the Miguel Servet Program of postdoctoral

No disponible