RESUMO
Zornia brasiliensis, popularly known as "urinária", "urinana", and "carrapicho", is a medicinal plant used in Brazilian northeast folk medicine as a diuretic and against venereal diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition and antitumor potential of the leaf essential oil of Z. brasiliensis. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus and analyzed by GC-MS and GC-FID. Its composition was characterized by the presence of trans-nerolidol, germacrene D, trans-caryophyllene, α-humulene, and farnesene as major constituents. In vitro cytotoxicity of the essential oil and some of its major constituents (trans-nerolidol, trans-caryophyllene, and α-humulene) was evaluated for tumor cell lines from different histotypes using the Alamar blue assay. The essential oil, but not the constituents tested, presented promising cytotoxicity. Furthermore, mice inoculated with B16-F10 mouse melanoma were used to confirm its in vivo effectiveness. An in vivo antitumor study showed tumor growth inhibition rates of 1.68-38.61â% (50 and 100 mg/kg, respectively). In conclusion, the leaf essential oil of Z. brasiliensis presents trans-nerolidol, germacrene D, trans-caryophyllene, α-humulene, and farnesene as major constituents and is able to inhibit cell proliferation in cultures as well as in tumor growth in mice.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/uso terapêutico , Fabaceae/química , Melanoma Experimental/tratamento farmacológico , Óleos Voláteis/uso terapêutico , Fitoterapia , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Sesquiterpenos/uso terapêutico , Animais , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/farmacologia , Proliferação de Células , Masculino , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Sesquiterpenos Monocíclicos , Óleos Voláteis/química , Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Folhas de Planta/química , Óleos de Plantas/química , Óleos de Plantas/farmacologia , Óleos de Plantas/uso terapêutico , Sesquiterpenos Policíclicos , Sesquiterpenos/análise , Sesquiterpenos/farmacologia , Sesquiterpenos de Germacrano/análiseRESUMO
This work describes a novel ent-kaurane diterpene, ent-3ß-hydroxy-kaur-16-en-19-al along with five known ent-kaurane diterpenes, ent-3ß,19-dihydroxy-kaur-16-eno, ent-3ß-hydroxy-kaur-16-eno, ent-3ß-acetoxy-kaur-16-eno, ent-3ß-hydroxy-kaurenoic acid and kaurenoic acid, as well as caryophyllene oxide, humulene epoxide II, ß-sitosterol, stigmasterol and campesterol from the stem bark of Annona vepretorum Mart. (Annonaceae). Cytotoxic activities towards tumor B16-F10, HepG2, K562 and HL60 and non-tumor PBMC cell lines were evaluated for ent-kaurane diterpenes. Among them, ent-3ß-hydroxy-kaur-16-en-19-al was the most active compound with higher cytotoxic effect over K562 cell line (IC50 of 2.49 µg/mL) and lower over B16-F10 cell line (IC50 of 21.02 µg/mL).
