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1.
Am J Transplant ; 24(1): 104-114, 2024 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37666457

RESUMO

Face transplantation is a viable reconstructive approach for severe craniofacial defects. Despite the evolution witnessed in the field, ethical aspects, clinical and psychosocial implications, public perception, and economic sustainability remain the subject of debate and unanswered questions. Furthermore, poor data reporting and sharing, the absence of standardized metrics for outcome evaluation, and the lack of consensus definitions of success and failure have hampered the development of a "transplantation culture" on a global scale. We completed a 2-round online modified Delphi process with 35 international face transplant stakeholders, including surgeons, clinicians, psychologists, psychiatrists, ethicists, policymakers, and researchers, with a representation of 10 of the 19 face transplant teams that had already performed the procedure and 73% of face transplants. Themes addressed included patient assessment and selection, indications, social support networks, clinical framework, surgical considerations, data on patient progress and outcomes, definitions of success and failure, public image and perception, and financial sustainability. The presented recommendations are the product of a shared commitment of face transplant teams to foster the development of face transplantation and are aimed at providing a gold standard of practice and policy.


Assuntos
Transplante de Face , Alotransplante de Tecidos Compostos Vascularizados , Humanos , Transplante de Face/métodos , Consenso , Técnica Delphi , Projetos de Pesquisa
2.
Int J Lang Commun Disord ; 58(4): 1405-1418, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36721996

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Compensatory cleft speech disorders can severely impact speech understandability and speech acceptability. Speech intervention is necessary to eliminate these disorders. There is, however, currently no consensus on the most effective speech therapy approach to eliminate the different subtypes of compensatory cleft speech disorders. AIMS: To compare the immediate, short- and long-term effects of three well-defined speech intervention approaches (i.e., a motor-phonetic approach, a linguistic-phonological approach and a combined phonetic-phonological approach) on the speech and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in Belgian Dutch-speaking children with cleft palate with or without cleft lip (CP±L) and different subtypes of compensatory speech disorders (i.e., anterior oral cleft speech characteristics (CSCs), posterior oral CSCs or non-oral CSCs). Besides, the perceived acceptability of these three speech intervention approaches will be investigated from the perspectives of caregivers and children with a CP±L. METHODS & PROCEDURES: A two-centre longitudinal randomized sham-controlled trial was used. Children were randomly assigned to one of the three intervention programmes and received 10 h of speech intervention divided over 2 weeks. Block randomization was used, stratified by age and gender. Primary outcome measures included perceptual speech outcomes. Secondary outcome measures included patient-reported outcomes. OUTCOMES & RESULTS: The results of this trial will provide speech-language pathologists evidence-based guidelines to better tailor intervention approaches to the specific needs of a child with a defined compensatory speech disorder. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: What is already known on this subject Speech therapy approaches to address cleft palate speech disorders are broadly divided into two categories: motor-phonetic interventions and linguistic-phonological interventions. Some limited evidence demonstrated the positive effects of these approaches in eliminating compensatory cleft speech disorders. Different studies have reported inter-individual variation, suggesting that one child may benefit more from a particular intervention approach than the other child. Perhaps this variation can be attributed to the specific subtype of compensatory speech disorder (i.e., anterior oral CSC, posterior oral CSC or non-oral CSC). What this paper adds to existing knowledge This paper describes a randomized sham-controlled trial that compared the immediate, short- and long-term effects of three well-defined speech intervention approaches (i.e., a motor-phonetic approach, a linguistic-phonological approach and a combined phonetic-phonological approach) on the speech and HRQoL in Belgian Dutch-speaking children with CP±L and different subtypes of compensatory cleft speech disorders (i.e., anterior oral CSCs, posterior oral CSCs or non-oral CSCs) measured by perceptual and psychosocial outcome measures. Besides, the experienced acceptability of these three speech intervention approaches were investigated from the perspectives of caregivers and children. What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work? This project provides evidence-based knowledge on patient-tailored cleft speech intervention considering both scientific evidence and the perspectives of caregivers and children. The results aid SLPs in better tailoring intervention approaches to the needs of a child with a specific type of compensatory cleft speech disorder.


Assuntos
Fenda Labial , Fissura Palatina , Criança , Humanos , Fissura Palatina/complicações , Fala , Qualidade de Vida , Transtornos da Articulação/terapia , Transtornos da Articulação/complicações , Distúrbios da Fala/terapia , Distúrbios da Fala/complicações , Fenda Labial/complicações , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto
3.
J Craniofac Surg ; 34(3): 942-948, 2023 May 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36744885

RESUMO

Facial allograft transplantation can be regarded as a particular and complex type of donation because of its perceptibility and the importance of the face as an identity characteristic. As research on this topic is currently lacking, the objective of this study is to explore the experiences of the family members of the donor in facial allograft donation. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted separately with the donor's family members and analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Six themes were identified: (1) Contrasting facial donation to that of more commonly donated organs; (2) Consenting to facial donation; (3) Expectations towards the recipient of the facial graft; (4) Expectations and consequences of restoration of the donor's face; (5) Relationship with the medical team during the process; and (6) Media attention. The findings of our study help to better support donor families through the facial donation process and to improve facial transplantation procedures.


Assuntos
Transplante de Face , Família , Humanos , Transplante Homólogo , Doadores de Tecidos , Aloenxertos
4.
Acta Chir Belg ; 123(5): 473-480, 2023 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35499297

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Surgical site infection (SSI) is a common complication following head and neck surgery. Dead space at the excision site can increase the risk of infection, abscess formation, and mortality. Herein, we evaluated the performance of the chimeric anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap in addressing these concerns. METHODS: Patients who underwent oncologic head and neck reconstruction between October 2016 and November 2021 were divided in two groups: a normal ALT flap and a chimeric dead space filling (DSF) ALT-vastus lateralis flap group. We evaluated the postoperative outcomes. RESULTS: Twenty-five patients treated with normal ALT flaps (34.7%) and 47 with DSF ALT flap group (65.2%) were included. Only one ALT per case was necessary. Most of the cases involved tongue (31.9%) and lower gingival reconstruction (27.8%). The time to harvest the DSF ALT flap was 134.3 min when compared to the normal ALT flap (116.2 min, p < .001). Vascular occlusion, flap loss, partial necrosis, and fat necrosis were not observed among the different groups. CONCLUSION: The DSF process can be used as a preventive measure for SSI or vessel exposure due to radiation-induced skin damage. This flap allows same-site reconstruction if the primary tumor recurs by using the pedicle of the chimeric flap for reattachment of another free flap.


Assuntos
Pescoço , Coxa da Perna , Humanos , Coxa da Perna/cirurgia , Retalhos Cirúrgicos , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica , Necrose
5.
J Craniofac Surg ; 33(1): e28-e30, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34292253

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Several recent reports have described the development and use of three-dimensional (3D) printed surgical osteotomy guides. However, these methods: are usually costly. Here, we introduce a novel method of manufacturing surgical guides built from inexpensive, easy-to-use, and sterilizable dental impression silicone. METHODS: Mandibular and fibular models were prepared using a 3D printer for 10 patients undergoing free fibula flap transfer after mandibular resection. During preoperative simulation surgery, Protesil labor, a dental silicone, was molded to the same size as the fibular models to act as surgical guides. RESULTS: The authors compared pre- and post-operative bone angles and bone lengths for all cases using simulation surgery models and postoperative 3D computed tomography. Mean bone angle difference was 2.6° and mean bone length difference was 1.7 mm. Cost of the dental silicone was approximately US$5/patient. CONCLUSIONS: In our series this method allowed the surgeon to perform an accurate osteotomy, inexpensively and time-efficiently.


Assuntos
Retalhos de Tecido Biológico , Reconstrução Mandibular , Fíbula/cirurgia , Humanos , Mandíbula/diagnóstico por imagem , Mandíbula/cirurgia , Silicones
6.
Wound Repair Regen ; 29(6): 961-972, 2021 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34473875

RESUMO

Pressure injuries (PI) are infrequent in paediatric patients, prevalence estimates ranging from 1.4% to 8.2%, and reaching values as high as 43.1% in critical care areas. They can be associated with congenital neurological or metabolic disorders that cause reduced mobility or require the need for medical devices. In children, most pressure injuries heal spontaneously. However, a small percentage of ulcers that is refractory to conservative management or is too severe at presentation (Stage 3 or 4) will be candidates for surgery. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical history of paediatric patients affected by pressure injuries from four European Plastic Surgery Centres. Information was collected from clinical and radiology records, and laboratory reports. An accurate search of the literature revealed only two articles reporting on the surgical treatment of pressure injuries in children. After debridement, we performed surgical coverage of the pressure injuries. We report here our experience with 18 children aged 1-17 years, affected by pressure injury Stages 3 and 4. They were successfully treated with pedicled (17 patients) or free flaps (1 patient). The injuries involved the sacrum (6/18 patients), lower limb (3/18 patients), thoracic spine (2/18 patients), ischium (3/18 patients, bilateral in one patient), temporal area (3/18 patients), hypogastrium (1/18 patients) and were associated to medical devices in three cases. Flaps were followed for a minimum of 19 months and up to 13 years. Only two patients developed true recurrences that were treated again surgically. Pressure injuries are infrequent in children and rarely need surgical treatment. Pedicled flaps have a high success rate. Recurrences, contrary to what is reported in the literature, were rare.


Assuntos
Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica , Úlcera por Pressão , Criança , Humanos , Extremidade Inferior , Úlcera por Pressão/cirurgia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Retalhos Cirúrgicos , Resultado do Tratamento , Cicatrização
7.
Cleft Palate Craniofac J ; 57(1): 43-54, 2020 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31311307

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a Belgian Dutch outcome tool for the perceptual evaluation of speech in patients with cleft palate. SETTING: Cleft palate team in a tertiary university hospital. METHODS: The tool was based on the Cleft Audit Protocol for Speech-Augmented (John et al., 2006; Sell et al., 2009), with adaptations to some of the speech variables and the structured listening protocol. Following a preliminary listening experiment in phase 1, the tool was optimized. In the second phase, a listening experiment with 4 experienced listeners was set up to assess face validity, inter- and intrarater reliability and criterion validity. RESULTS: Results of phase 1 indicated good to very good inter- and intrarater reliability for the majority of the speech variables, good discriminant validity, and varying sensitivity and specificity based on a comparison with nasalance values and the Nasality Severity Index 2.0 (criterion validity). Results of phase 2 showed good to very good interrater reliability for 5 of the 14 variables and good intrarater reliability in 3 of the 4 experienced listeners. Sensitivity and specificity were sufficient, except the specificity of the hypernasality judgments in comparison with the nasalance values of the oral text. Overall, listeners positively judged the face validity of the tool. CONCLUSION: The 2-phase evaluation indicated varying validity and reliability results. Future studies will aim to optimize validity and reliability of the developed tool based on adaptations to the listening protocol, the addition of speech variables, and the inclusion of a more elaborate training.


Assuntos
Fissura Palatina , Bélgica , Humanos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Fala , Distúrbios da Fala , Medida da Produção da Fala
8.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol ; 128: 109692, 2020 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31568953

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Lipofilling of the upper lip as secondary treatment in patients with a cleft lip (and palate) (CL ±â€¯P) has been proposed to improve projection and volume especially in profile view. The purpose of the present study was to document differences in functional (i.e. logopaedic) and self-reported aesthetic outcomes by comparing pre- and postoperative results after lipofilling of the upper lip in patients with CL ±â€¯P. METHODS: Eight Dutch-speaking youngsters and young adults (three women, five men) with CL ±â€¯P were included. The median age was 19 years (range: 14-24 years). Logopaedic outcomes (i.e. assessment of orofacial myofunctional behavior, articulation and lip strength) and self-reported aesthetic outcome (i.e. patients' satisfaction using the Cleft Evaluation Profile) were determined. RESULTS: Neither for lip strength and orofacial myofunctional behavior nor for articulation statistically significant differences were found when comparing measurements before and after lipofilling. Regarding patients' satisfaction, a statistically significant increased self-evaluation of appearance in profile was found after lipofilling. CONCLUSION: Regarding functionality, the present study did not find any differences when comparing outcomes before and after lipofilling. Nevertheless, patients were more satisfied with appearance in profile after performance of this technique. As this is a small sample study, further research and long-term follow-up studies are necessary.


Assuntos
Fenda Labial/fisiopatologia , Fenda Labial/terapia , Preenchedores Dérmicos/uso terapêutico , Lábio/fisiopatologia , Satisfação do Paciente , Adolescente , Fenda Labial/complicações , Fenda Labial/cirurgia , Fissura Palatina/cirurgia , Estética , Músculos Faciais/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Força Muscular , Projetos Piloto , Fala , Testes de Articulação da Fala , Distúrbios da Fala/etiologia , Adulto Jovem
9.
Contraception ; 100(4): 299-301, 2019 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31302122

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To measure breast tissue and serum LNG concentrations in women using a LNG-IUS. STUDY DESIGN: This pilot study was performed in 25 healthy women undergoing breast surgery at the Ghent University hospital. LNG concentrations were measured in serum and microdissected breast tissue samples using a validated ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry assay. RESULT(S): The mean LNG concentration in the 18 LNG-IUS users was 0.18±0.16 ng/mL in serum and 0.26±0.28 ng/g in breast tissue. For four women without any form of hormonal contraceptive (the negative controls), the mean concentrations were below the limit of quantification, i.e., 0.15 ng/mL and 0.20 ng/g, for serum and breast tissue, respectively. For the three positive controls the concentrations in the serum (20.5 and 3.4 ng/ml) and the breast (3.74 and 1.24 ng/g) were respectively for the 20 µg EE/100 µg users and 315 pg/ml in the serum and 1.17 ng/g in the breast for the minipill user. The intracellular free fraction of LNG may be as low as 0.008 ng/g. CONCLUSION(S): The concentration of LNG in breast epithelium cells in women using the LNG-IUS is very low. IMPLICATIONS: The relationship between the serum and breast tissue levels of LNG was studied in women using a LNG-IUS or oral LNG-containing contraception. Compared to oral contraception, the tissue levels of LNG in LNG-IUS users are much lower in the breast. It is not known what level of LNG exposure in the breast would stimulate RANKL and WNT4 expression; such information is needed.


Assuntos
Mama/química , Anticoncepcionais Femininos/análise , Dispositivos Intrauterinos Medicados , Levanogestrel/análise , Adolescente , Adulto , Cromatografia Líquida , Anticoncepcionais Femininos/administração & dosagem , Feminino , Voluntários Saudáveis , Humanos , Levanogestrel/administração & dosagem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Projetos Piloto , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem , Adulto Jovem
10.
Folia Phoniatr Logop ; 71(4): 191-196, 2019.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30999309

RESUMO

BACKGROUND/AIMS: This pilot study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of oral habits and non-nutritive sucking habits in children with cleft (lip and) palate (CL/P) between 0-12 years, compared to peers without CL/P. METHODS: Children with CL/P (mean age 6.0 years, SD 2.80) were recruited from the Ghent University Hospital and compared to gender- and age-matched children without CL/P (mean age 5.8 years, SD 3.09). A self-report questionnaire was developed and given to the caregivers. To compare the occurrence of oral habits and non-nutritive sucking habits in children with and without CL/P, χ2 tests or Fisher's exact tests were used. RESULTS: The present study revealed a significantly lower occurrence of non-nutritive sucking habits in children with CL/P. These children showed significantly less pacifier sucking; no significant difference was found regarding thumb or finger sucking nor regarding sucking on other objects. Additionally, the results showed that the occurrence of snoring was statistically significantly higher in children with CL/P. CONCLUSION: Children with CL/P show less non-nutritive sucking habits, but more snoring compared to a control group without CL/P. Although further research regarding the oral habits in children with CL/P is necessary, cleft teams should give attention to the occurrence of oral habits.


Assuntos
Comportamento Infantil , Fenda Labial/psicologia , Fissura Palatina/psicologia , Hábitos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Bruxismo/epidemiologia , Cuidadores , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Sucção de Dedo , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Chupetas , Projetos Piloto , Autorrelato , Sialorreia/epidemiologia , Ronco/epidemiologia , Comportamento de Sucção
11.
J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg ; 72(5): 711-728, 2019 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30898501

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Since the first reports on microsurgery in children, there has been an evolution in the reconstruction of soft tissue defects as evidenced by a shift to free flaps as the first-line treatment. METHODS: The primary objective of this systematic review was to compare the complication rate of free perforator/fasciocutaneous flaps with free muscular/myocutaneous flaps in pediatric lower limb soft tissue reconstructions. The secondary objective was to evaluate the frequency and severity of complications for both reconstructive options. A search was performed in the databases PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library depending on predefined inclusion criteria. RESULTS: The evolution to perforator flaps from muscular and myocutaneous flaps is reflected in this systematic review as demonstrated by the anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap, which is the most common reconstructive option with a very low complication rate (11.3%) and flap loss. The latissimus dorsi (LD) flap was the second most frequently reported reconstruction with a complication rate comparable with that of the thoracodorsal artery perforator (TDAP) flap (32% vs. 39%, respectively), but the former suffers few failures. The radial forearm (RFA) fasciocutaneous flap can be considered a good alternative for ALT and TDAP flaps with a very low complication rate (16%) and no flap loss. CONCLUSIONS: The ALT flap is considered the best reconstructive method for pediatric lower limb soft tissue defects. More adequate prospective studies specifically concerning free flap reconstructions for lower limb defects in children are necessary in the future to provide guidelines for treatment and optimize outcomes in the long term.


Assuntos
Retalhos de Tecido Biológico/transplante , Perna (Membro)/cirurgia , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica , Criança , Humanos , Retalho Miocutâneo/transplante , Retalho Perfurante/transplante , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/métodos
12.
Acta Chir Belg ; 119(2): 125-128, 2019 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29198174

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Nasal dermoid cysts are common tumors in children. Due to anomalies in embryologic development of the nasal complex, sometimes an intracranial extension exists. When these cysts become infected they can lead to meningitis, brain abscess and death. METHODS: We report the case of a 1.5-year-old girl admitted to the paediatric intensive care unit after infection of a nasal dermoid cyst. RESULTS: The infant had a spiking fever and epileptic seizures. She was stabilized, intubated and a CT scan showed a subcutaneous mass with an adjacent zone of encephalitis and brain abscess formation. Neurosurgical interventions were necessary to lower intracranial pressure and control infectious spread. After a hospital stay of 69 days the child could be discharged. Due to her young age, irreversible brain damage is expected. CONCLUSION: Nasal midline dermoid cysts are considered benign swellings. When an intracranial extension exists, infection can lead to deleterious complications. It is important for health care practitioners to be aware of this imminent risk. Suspicion of a nasal midline dermoid cyst should prompt a careful clinical work-up with an ultrasound followed by CT or MRI imaging. The treatment is complete excision to avoid disastrous complications and recurrences.


Assuntos
Actinomicose/terapia , Abscesso Encefálico/etiologia , Cisto Dermoide/complicações , Encefalite/etiologia , Neoplasias Nasais/complicações , Infecções Estreptocócicas/terapia , Actinomicose/microbiologia , Abscesso Encefálico/diagnóstico por imagem , Abscesso Encefálico/microbiologia , Abscesso Encefálico/terapia , Cisto Dermoide/diagnóstico , Encefalite/diagnóstico por imagem , Encefalite/microbiologia , Encefalite/terapia , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Neoplasias Nasais/diagnóstico , Infecções Estreptocócicas/microbiologia
13.
Cleft Palate Craniofac J ; 56(6): 735-743, 2019 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30426759

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To describe the conduct of the first multidisciplinary simulation-based workshop in the Middle East/North Africa region and evaluate participant satisfaction. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey-based evaluation. SETTING: Educational comprehensive multidisciplinary simulation-based cleft care workshop. PARTICIPANTS: Total of 93 workshop participants from over 20 countries. INTERVENTIONS: Three-day educational comprehensive multidisciplinary simulation-based cleft care workshop. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Number of workshop participants, number of participants stratified by specialty, satisfaction with workshop, number of workshop staff, and number of workshop staff stratified by specialty. RESULTS: The workshop included 93 participants from over 20 countries. The response rate was 47.3%, and participants reported high satisfaction with all aspects of the workshop. All participants reported they would recommend it to colleagues (100.0%) and participate again (100.0%). No significant difference was detected based on participant specialty or years of experience. The majority were unaware of other cleft practitioners in their countries (68.2%). CONCLUSION: Multidisciplinary simulation-based cleft care workshops are well received by cleft practitioners in developing countries, serve as a platform for intellectual exchange, and are only possible through strong collaborations. Advocates of international cleft surgery education should translate these successes from the regional to the global arena in order to contribute to sustainable cleft care through education.


Assuntos
Fissura Palatina , África do Norte , Estudos Transversais , Países em Desenvolvimento , Humanos , Oriente Médio
14.
Sci Rep ; 8(1): 13617, 2018 09 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30206342

RESUMO

Upon soy consumption, isoflavone metabolites attain bioactive concentrations in breast tissue possibly affecting health. Though in vitro epigenetic activity of soy metabolites has been described, the in vivo impact on the epigenome is largely unknown. Therefore, in this case-control study, the breast glandular tissue DNA methylome was explored in women undergoing an aesthetic breast reduction. After a run-in phase, 10 generally healthy Belgian or Dutch women received soymilk for 5 days. MethylCap-seq methylation profiles were compared with those of 10 matched controls. Isoflavones and their microbial metabolites were quantified in urine, serum, and glandular breast tissue (liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry) and 17ß-estradiol in glandular breast tissue (immunoassay). Global DNA methylation levels were obtained for 6 cases and 5 controls using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Although lower MethylCap-seq coverages were observed, mass spectrometry results and computational LINE-1 methylation analysis did not provide evidence supporting global methylation alterations upon treatment. At a false discovery rate of 0.05, no differentially methylated loci were identified. Moreover, a set of previously identified loci was specifically tested, but earlier reported results could not be validated. In conclusion, after a 5-day soymilk treatment, no major general epigenetic reprogramming in breast tissue could be found in this exploratory study.


Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/metabolismo , Metilação de DNA , DNA de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Epigênese Genética/efeitos dos fármacos , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Leite de Soja/administração & dosagem , Adolescente , Adulto , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
15.
Oncol Lett ; 16(3): 3394-3400, 2018 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30127940

RESUMO

Breast tissue is very sensitive to ionizing radiation due to the presence of reproductive hormones, including estrogen. In the present pilot study, the efficiency of mammography X-rays to induce DNA double strand breaks (DSB) in mammary epithelial cells was investigated. For this, freshly resected healthy breast tissue was irradiated with 30 kV mammography X-rays in the dose range 0-500 mGy (2, 4, 10, 20, 40, 100 and 500 mGy). Breast specimens were also irradiated with identical doses of 60Co γ-rays as a radiation quality standard. With the γH2AX-foci assay, the number of DNA DSB induced by radiation were quantified in the mammary epithelial cells present in breast tissue. Results indicated that foci induced by 30 kV X-rays and γ-rays followed a biphasic linear dose-response. For 30 kV X-rays, the slope in the low dose region (0-20 mGy) was 8.71 times steeper compared with the slope in the higher dose region (20-500 mGy). Furthermore, compared with γ-rays, 30 kV X-rays were also more effective in inducing γH2AX-foci. This resulted in a relative biological effectiveness (RBE) value of 1.82 in the low dose range. In the higher dose range, an RBE close to 1 was obtained. In conclusion, the results indicated the existence of a low dose hypersensitive response for DSB induction in the dose range representative for mammography screening, which is probably caused by the bystander effect. This could affect the radiation risk calculations for women participating in mammography screening.

16.
J Commun Disord ; 72: 111-121, 2018.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29397063

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE AND SUBJECTS: Speech outcomes were described for 16 patients with cleft palate (mean age: 5.4 years) following Sommerlad primary palatoplasty performed by a single surgeon of the Ghent University Hospital. These speech outcomes were compared with those of an age and gender matched control group without cleft palate (mean age: 5.3 years). METHODS: Speech intelligibility/distinctiveness, resonance, nasal airflow and articulation, were perceptually evaluated. Additionally, nasalance values and the NSI 2.0 were determined. RESULTS: In seven patients, speech intelligibility/distinctiveness was disordered. Hypernasality was present in twelve participants, whereas nasal emission and nasal turbulence were perceived in thirteen and five patients respectively. Both perceptual and instrumental speech evaluations were significantly poorer in the patient group in comparison to the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Patients still present with both obligatory and compensatory speech disorders following Sommerlad's palatoplasty. In the future, a Dutch speech assessment protocol will be developed in order to standardize follow-up of these patients and to allow for within-center and inter-center comparisons.


Assuntos
Transtornos da Articulação/cirurgia , Fissura Palatina/cirurgia , Hospitais Universitários , Inteligibilidade da Fala , Pré-Escolar , Fenda Labial/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Países Baixos , Resultado do Tratamento , Insuficiência Velofaríngea/etiologia , Insuficiência Velofaríngea/cirurgia , Distúrbios da Voz/etiologia , Distúrbios da Voz/cirurgia
17.
J Craniofac Surg ; 29(4): 826-831, 2018 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29303865

RESUMO

Increasing evidence points to good functional, aesthetic, and psychosocial outcomes after face transplantation. However, research investigating how patients and their families subjectively experience the transplantation process is lacking thus far. This study aims to investigate the personal experiences of a blind face transplant patient and his partner. In-depth interviews exploring different experiences were conducted with both partners separately 20 months after face transplantation. The interviews were analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Seven themes were identified in both interviews: coping with the facial trauma, motivation for the face transplantation, outcomes of the face transplantation, acceptance of the new face, gratitude toward the donor family, relation to the medical team, and dealing with the media. Two further themes were only mentioned by the patient (coping with complications and coping with blindness) and one theme only by the partner (loss of choices). The results of this study increase our understanding of the transplantation process as experienced by a face transplant recipient and his partner. They may help to better inform professionals to optimize transplantation procedures or supportive interventions.


Assuntos
Transplante de Face/psicologia , Relações Interpessoais , Cônjuges/psicologia , Adaptação Psicológica , Cegueira , Feminino , Humanos , Entrevistas como Assunto , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doadores de Tecidos/psicologia
18.
Mol Syndromol ; 8(4): 172-178, 2017 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28690482

RESUMO

Barber-Say syndrome (BSS) and ablepharon-macrostomia syndrome (AMS) are infrequently reported congenital malformation disorders caused by mutations in the TWIST2 gene. Both are characterized by abnormalities in ectoderm-derived structures and cause a very unusual morphology of mainly the face in individuals with otherwise normal cognition and normal physical functioning. We studied the impact that the presence of BSS and AMS has on psychosocial functioning of affected individuals and their families, using their point of view to start with. We tabulated frequently asked questions from affected individuals and families, and a parent of an affected child and an affected adult woman offered personal testimonies. We focused on perception of illness, body satisfaction, and the consequences for an otherwise normal individual who has a disorder that interferes with body image. The importance of paying particular attention to the management of both the physical appearance and the consequences of these entities on the quality of life is stressed by the affected individuals themselves.

19.
J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg ; 70(6): 729-733, 2017 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28351610

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Facial allotransplantation constitutes a reconstructive option after extensive damage to facial structures. Functional recovery has been reported but remains an issue. CASE REPORT - METHODS: A patient underwent facial allotransplantation after a ballistic injury with extensive facial tissue damage. Speech motor function was sequentially assessed clinically, along with repeated electromyography of lip movements during a follow-up of 3 years. RESULTS: Facial nerve recovery could be demonstrated within the first month, followed by a gradual increase in electromyographic amplitude and decrease in reaction times. These were accompanied by gradual improvement of clinical assessments. CONCLUSIONS: Axonal recovery starts early after transplantation. Electromyographic testing is sensitive in demonstrating this early recovery, which ultimately results in clinical improvements.


Assuntos
Nervo Facial/fisiologia , Nervo Facial/cirurgia , Transplante de Face , Lábio/fisiologia , Regeneração Nervosa , Fala/fisiologia , Eletromiografia , Eletrofisiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Movimento , Tempo de Reação , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica , Inteligibilidade da Fala/fisiologia
20.
Acta Chir Belg ; 117(2): 69-76, 2017 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27938245

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Post Surgical Pyoderma Gangrenosum (PSPG) is a neutrophilic dermatosis causing aseptic necrotic ulcerations within surgical sites. It is often misdiagnosed as infection or ischemia and worsened by the inappropriate treatment. Therefore diagnostic clues must be identified and awareness for PSPG raised. METHODS: We present two cases of PSPG after flap surgery and a review of the literature. RESULTS: Seventeen cases of PSPG after flap surgery were found. Fever, pain and redness are the most common initial symptoms. In 63%, lesions were on the flap and the adjacent skin. In 63%, the donor site is also involved. Time to diagnosis was nine days to four years. Frequent debridement (89%) and administration of antibiotics (74%) illustrate the misdiagnosis of infection or ischemia. PSPG in flap surgery seems to be less associated with underlying diseases, than other forms of Pyoderma Gangrenosum. Corticoids are the most commonly used treatment. Of the 19 cases, 10 experienced partial or total flap loss. CONCLUSION: PSPG must be included in the differential diagnosis of postoperative wound problems. Recognizing the diagnostic clues can lead to early diagnosis and treatment with systemic immunotherapy. Associated diseases should be investigated and additional surgery can only be successful when associated with immunotherapy.


Assuntos
Corticosteroides/uso terapêutico , Pioderma Gangrenoso/diagnóstico , Pioderma Gangrenoso/terapia , Retalhos Cirúrgicos/efeitos adversos , Idoso , Desbridamento/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/diagnóstico , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/terapia , Prognóstico , Pioderma Gangrenoso/etiologia , Medição de Risco , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Cicatrização/fisiologia
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