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1.
Br J Haematol ; 204(5): 2049-2056, 2024 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38343073

RESUMO

Iron overload from repeated transfusions has a negative impact on cardiac function, and iron chelation therapy may help prevent cardiac dysfunction in transfusion-dependent patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). TELESTO (NCT00940602) was a prospective, placebo-controlled, randomised study to evaluate the iron chelator deferasirox in patients with low- or intermediate-1-risk MDS and iron overload. Echocardiographic parameters were collected at screening and during treatment. Patients receiving deferasirox experienced a significant decrease in the composite risk of hospitalisation for congestive heart failure (CHF) or worsening of cardiac function (HR = 0.23; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.99; nominal p = 0.0322) versus placebo. No significant differences between the arms were found in left ventricular ejection fraction, ventricular diameter and mass or pulmonary artery pressure. The absolute number of events was low, but the enrolled patients were younger than average for patients with MDS, with no serious cardiac comorbidities and a modest cardiovascular risk profile. These results support the effectiveness of deferasirox in preventing cardiac damage caused by iron overload in this patient population. Identification of patients developing CHF is challenging due to the lack of distinctive echocardiographic features. The treatment of iron overload may be important to prevent cardiac dysfunction in these patients, even those with moderate CHF risk.


Assuntos
Deferasirox , Quelantes de Ferro , Sobrecarga de Ferro , Síndromes Mielodisplásicas , Humanos , Deferasirox/uso terapêutico , Síndromes Mielodisplásicas/terapia , Síndromes Mielodisplásicas/tratamento farmacológico , Síndromes Mielodisplásicas/complicações , Masculino , Feminino , Quelantes de Ferro/uso terapêutico , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Sobrecarga de Ferro/etiologia , Sobrecarga de Ferro/tratamento farmacológico , Estudos Prospectivos , Benzoatos/uso terapêutico , Benzoatos/efeitos adversos , Insuficiência Cardíaca/etiologia , Reação Transfusional/etiologia , Ecocardiografia , Adulto , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Triazóis/uso terapêutico , Triazóis/efeitos adversos , Transfusão de Sangue
2.
Gac. méd. boliv ; 46(2)2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1534485

RESUMO

Objetivo: describir el significado de cuidado espiritual que brinda el personal de enfermería a los pacientes en cuidados paliativos Métodos: se trata de un estudio cualitativo, descriptivo; con enfermeras de instituciones de salud de segundo nivel de atención en el estado de Guanajuato. Selección de participantes por muestreo por conveniencia con 9 participantes. Colecta de datos a través de entrevista semiestructurada audiograbada, análisis de datos temático; se respetaron los criterios éticos, los participantes firmaron un consentimiento informado. Resultados: emergieron seis temas: Cuidar las necesidades de los pacientes, Significado de espiritualidad, Acompañamiento, alivio y apoyo, Cuidando el respeto de las creencias, Dificultades vividas en el cuidado espiritual y Necesidad de cambios en el cuidado espiritual. Conclusiones: el significado del cuidado espiritual de enfermería considera la conexión con la naturaleza y el universo y las creencias y prácticas; esta conexión nace en el cuidado de las necesidades propias que fomentan confort, la espiritualidad da sentido al cuidado espiritual como el acompañar, aliviar y apoyar teniendo en cuenta el respeto de las creencias. Se encuentran dificultades en el cuidado espiritual y una necesidad de cambios en el mismo para poder incorporarlo en el cuidado cotidiano.


Objective: to describe the meaning of spiritual care provided by nurses to palliative care patients. Methods: this is a qualitative, descriptive study; with nurses from second level health care institutions in the state of Guanajuato. Selection of participants by convenience sampling with 9 participants. Data collection through semi-structured audio-recorded interview, thematic data analysis; ethical criteria were respected, participants signed an informed consent. Results: six themes emerged: caring for patients' needs, Meaning of spirituality, Accompaniment, relief and support, Caring for respect of beliefs, Difficulties experienced in spiritual care and Need for changes in spiritual care. Conclusions: the meaning of nursing spiritual care considers the connection with nature and the universe and beliefs and practices; this connection is born in caring for one's needs that foster comfort, spirituality gives meaning to spiritual care as accompanying, relieving and supporting taking into account respect for beliefs. Difficulties are found in spiritual care and a need for changes in it in order to incorporate it into daily care.

3.
J. negat. no posit. results ; 5(9): 1010-022, sept. 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-199378

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: El cáncer de próstata es el más común entre la población masculina a nivel mundial. Debido al diagnóstico temprano y a las mejoras en el tratamiento, en los últimos 25 años la tasa de supervivencia se ha incrementado a 5 años. OBJETIVO: Evaluar el conocimiento, factores de riesgo y prevención del cáncer de próstata. METODOLOGÍA: Se realizó un estudio de tipo descriptivo transversal, Se aplicó una encuesta semiestructurada y de carácter anónimo al personal de intendencia del Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud. RESULTADOS: Se aplicaron 50 encuestas, el rango de edad más frecuente fue de 40 a 50 años, el principal grado de escolaridad fue secundaria. El 25% de la población manifestó contar con un conocimiento medio sobre el cáncer de próstata y el 50 % de la población manifestó no acudir a realizarse estudios por temor al urólogo. CONCLUSIÓN: Existe falta de información sobre el cáncer de próstata, por lo que es necesario brindar una educación sanitaria a la población masculina e incitar a la realización de pruebas de cáncer de próstata para lograr un diagnostico precoz, de lo contrario un resultado tardío implica estado de salud negativo


INTRODUCTION: Prostate cancer is the most common among the male population worldwide. Due to early diagnosis and to improvements in the treatment, in the past 25 years, the survival rate has increased to 5 years. OBJECTIVE: To assess the knowledge, risk factors and prevention of prostate cancer. METHODOLOGY: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study, a semi-structured survey and anonymous nature of the Quartermaster staff of the Institute of Health Sciences. RESULTS: 50 surveys were applied, the most frequent age range was 40 to 50 years, the primary level of schooling was secondary. The 25% of the population said to have an average knowledge about prostate cancer and the 50% of the population said they did not go back to studies can be carried out for fear of the urologist. CONCLUSION: There is a lack of information about prostate cancer, so it is necessary to provide health education to the male population and encourage the testing of prostate cancer to achieve an early diagnosis. Otherwise a late result implies a negative health condition


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias da Próstata/epidemiologia , Antígeno Prostático Específico/análise , Detecção Precoce de Câncer/métodos , Prostatectomia/estatística & dados numéricos , Programas de Rastreamento/métodos , Invasividade Neoplásica/prevenção & controle , México/epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e Questionários/estatística & dados numéricos , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde
4.
J. negat. no posit. results ; 5(6): 631-643, jun. 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-192326

RESUMO

El presente artículo denota la importancia de la ejecución de la salud pública desde una reflexión a partir de la atención primaria en salud y la trascendencia de la comunicación de manera general entre gobierno y población ante la presencia de la pandemia por SARS Cov-2 o COVID-19 en México con el objetivo de tomar conciencia de que este problema es real y de que su impacto negativo en la salud poblacional representa esta áreas de oportunidad urgentes, para ello se consultó algunas fuentes en internet y se tomó como base algunas fuentes documentales ya publicadas. Como resultado esto conlleva a una reflexión respecto a la comunicación entre actores de la sociedad mexicana. Esto deja entrever áreas de oportunidad e impacto negativo en la salud pública de nuestro país. Lo que permite concluir que si no se toman medidas asertivas en comunicación y en lo que respecta a la integración del sistema de Salud Mexicano los resultados son evidentemente negativos


This article denotes the importance of the execution of public health from a reflection based on primary health care and the importance of communication in a general way between government and population in the presence of the SARS Cov-2 or COVID pandemic -19 in Mexico with the aim of becoming aware that this problem is real and that its negative impact on population health represents these urgent areas of opportunity. To do this, some sources on the Internet were consulted and some documentary sources based on published. As a result, this leads to reflection on communication between actors in Mexican society. This hints at areas of opportunity and negative impact on the public health of our country. This allows us to conclude that if assertive measures are not taken in communication and with regard to the integration of the Mexican Health system, the results are obviously negative


Assuntos
Humanos , Comunicação em Saúde/tendências , Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , 50230 , Coronavírus Relacionado à Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave/isolamento & purificação , Atenção Primária à Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Pandemias/estatística & dados numéricos , México/epidemiologia , Impactos da Poluição na Saúde/análise , Fatores Epidemiológicos
5.
Ann Intern Med ; 172(8): 513-522, 2020 04 21.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32203980

RESUMO

Background: Iron chelation therapy (ICT) in patients with lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) has not been evaluated in randomized studies. Objective: To evaluate event-free survival (EFS) and safety of ICT in iron-overloaded patients with low- or intermediate-1-risk MDS. Design: Multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (TELESTO). (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00940602). Setting: 60 centers in 16 countries. Participants: 225 patients with serum ferritin levels greater than 2247 pmol/L; prior receipt of 15 to 75 packed red blood cell units; and no severe cardiac, liver, or renal abnormalities. Intervention: Deferasirox dispersible tablets (10 to 40 mg/kg per day) (n = 149) or matching placebo (n = 76). Measurements: The primary end point was EFS, defined as time from date of randomization to first documented nonfatal event (related to cardiac or liver dysfunction and transformation to acute myeloid leukemia) or death, whichever occurred first. Results: Median time on treatment was 1.6 years (interquartile range [IQR], 0.5 to 3.1 years) in the deferasirox group and 1.0 year (IQR, 0.6 to 2.0 years) in the placebo group. Median EFS was prolonged by approximately 1 year with deferasirox versus placebo (3.9 years [95% CI, 3.2 to 4.3 years] vs. 3.0 years [CI, 2.2 to 3.7 years], respectively; hazard ratio, 0.64 [CI, 0.42 to 0.96]). Adverse events occurred in 97.3% of deferasirox recipients and 90.8% of placebo recipients. Exposure-adjusted incidence rates of adverse events (≥15 events per 100 patient treatment-years) in deferasirox versus placebo recipients, respectively, were 24.7 versus 23.9 for diarrhea, 21.8 versus 18.7 for pyrexia, 16.7 versus 22.7 for upper respiratory tract infection, and 15.9 versus 0.9 for increased serum creatinine concentration. Limitations: The protocol was amended from a phase 3 to a phase 2 study, with a reduced target sample size from 630 to 210 participants. There was differential follow-up between treatment groups. Conclusion: The findings support ICT in iron-overloaded patients with low- to intermediate-1-risk MDS, with longer EFS compared with placebo and a clinically manageable safety profile. Therefore, ICT may be considered in these patients. Primary Funding Source: Novartis Pharma AG.


Assuntos
Transfusão de Sangue , Deferasirox/uso terapêutico , Quelantes de Ferro/uso terapêutico , Sobrecarga de Ferro/tratamento farmacológico , Síndromes Mielodisplásicas/terapia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Causas de Morte , Deferasirox/efeitos adversos , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Ferritinas/sangue , Humanos , Quelantes de Ferro/efeitos adversos , Sobrecarga de Ferro/etiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Síndromes Mielodisplásicas/complicações , Síndromes Mielodisplásicas/mortalidade , Gravidade do Paciente , Intervalo Livre de Progressão , Reação Transfusional , Adulto Jovem
6.
J. negat. no posit. results ; 5(3): 295-306, mar. 2020. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-194038

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: De acuerdo a la organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura (FAO), la alimentación humana se define como un proceso voluntario consistente y educable. OBJETIVO: Determinar hábitos alimenticios y su impacto en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de la Licenciatura en Farmacia del ICSa. METODOLOGÍA: Se realizó un estudio observacional transversal. Se adaptó la encuesta sobre alimentación saludable de la fundación MAPFRE y el muestreo fue no probabilístico. RESULTADOS: Se aplicaron 102 encuestas, predomino el sexo femenino, con un promedio de edad de 20(±1) años. Cerca del 50%, mencionó traer alimentos de su casa y tener el hábito de desayunar, sin embargo, menos de la mitad de la muestra consume al menos una fruta y/o verdura al día. Un 76% considera que su alimentación si impacta en su rendimiento académico. CONCLUSIONES: Es importante concienciar a los estudiantes sobre la manera correcta de alimentarse y el impacto en su rendimiento académico, así como fomentar estilos de vida saludables y brindarles información necesaria y correcta para seleccionar adecuadamente sus alimentos y bebidas, de lo contrario esa selección de alimentos será no positiva, es decir, negativa


INTRODUCTION: According to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), human food is defined as a consistent and educatable voluntary process. OBJECTIVE: To identify the impact of eating habits on the academic performance of students of the ICSa Pharmacy degree. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional, observational and prospective study was carried out. The MAPFRE Foundation's Healthy Eating survey was adapted and the sampling was non-probabilistic. RESULTS: We applied 102 surveys, predominated the female sex, with an average age of 20 (± 1) years. About 50%, he mentioned bringing food from his home and having the habit of having breakfast, however, less than half of the sample consumes at least one fruit and/or vegetable a day. A 76% believe their food if it impacts their academic performance. CONCLUSIONS: It is important to make students aware of the correct way to eat and the impact on their academic performance, as well as to promote healthy lifestyles and provide them with necessary and correct information to properly select their food and drinks, otherwise that food selection will not be positive, that is, negative


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Comportamento Alimentar/psicologia , Desempenho Acadêmico/estatística & dados numéricos , Avaliação Nutricional , Dieta Saudável/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudantes de Farmácia/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos Nutricionais/estatística & dados numéricos , Educação Alimentar e Nutricional , Prevenção de Doenças
7.
Pediatr Emerg Care ; 36(12): e737-e741, 2020 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29794954

RESUMO

Spontaneous rupture of the spleen is a rare clinical condition that usually presents as a complication of a background pathology and can become a life-threatening condition if it is not diagnosed in time. We present the case of a 15-year-old girl with abdominal pain and clinical data of hypovolemic shock. The simple tomographic study revealed deformation of the splenic architecture and hemoperitoneum. Surgery demonstrated splenic rupture with ptosis spleen and intraperitoneal free blood. The anatomopathological examination showed the presence of splenomegaly and findings suggestive of peliosis. It also highlights the known causes related to spontaneous splenic rupture.


Assuntos
Hemoperitônio , Ruptura Esplênica , Adolescente , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Feminino , Hemoperitônio/etiologia , Humanos , Ruptura Espontânea/complicações , Ruptura Esplênica/complicações
8.
rev. psicogente ; 18(33): 52-65, jun. 2015. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-963484

RESUMO

En este estudio, se buscó establecer la relación entre el género y la evaluación de la Calidad de Vida Laboral (CVL) en profesionales de salud. Para llevarlo a cabo, se seleccionaron aleatoriamente 322 personas en una institución de salud en Guadalajara, México. La satisfacción con su CVL se evaluó mediante el instrumento validado CVT-GOHISALO. Se evidenció la insatisfacción de las mujeres ante la desigualdad de oportunidades. Además, las mujeres del estudio demostraron con significancia estadística que se encuentran más satisfechas que los varones en el desarrollo personal que han logrado a través de su trabajo y en la administración de su tiempo libre.


This paper aims to establish the relationship between gender and quality of working life assesment in health professionals in Guadalajara, Mexico. 322 people were sampled in a health institution. The satisfaction related to their quality of working life, was assessed through CVT-GOHISALO instrument. As a result, women dissatisfaction was revealed with opportunities inequality. In addition, sampled women showed through statiscal significance to be more satisfied than men, talking about personal development achieved through work and free time management.

9.
rev. psicogente ; 18(33): 78-88, jun. 2015. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-963486

RESUMO

El objetivo del presente estudio consistió en demostrar la validez y confiabilidad de la Escala de Salud Mental Positiva en 400 trabajadores del Sector Salud de Michoacán, México. Para este propósito se realizaron los siguientes procesos: 1) De acuerdo a la teoría y a los indicadores, se definió lo que se requería medir; 2) Se revisaron los instrumentos existentes; 3) Se generó, revisó y decantó una serie de Ítems; 4) Se aplicó la Escala de Salud Mental a la muestra; 5) Se evaluaron los Ítems para obtener su validación y confiabilidad. La estructura factorial de la escala se evaluó mediante un análisis con el método de componentes principales y rotación Varimax. Los resultados muestran una confiabilidad de 0,862, considerándose adecuado para su aplicación en la población mexicana.


This paper focus on showing the validity and reliability based on the Scale of Positive Mental Health in 400 Health dpt workers from Michoacan, Mexico. For this purpose some procedures were performed as follow: 1. According to the indicators, it was defined what it was required measure; 2. Current instruments were reviewed; 3. Number of items were generated, decided and reviewed; 4. Mental health scale was applied for population sampled; 5. Items were assessed for its validation and reliability. Scale factorial structure was assessed using factor analysis and taking into account main components method and rotation. The results show 0.862 high reliability considered appropriate to be used for Mexican population.

10.
Cienc. Trab ; 17(52): 32-36, abr. 2015. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-748748

RESUMO

El OBJETIVO fue determinar la relación entre los factores psicosociales laborables y el síndrome de Burnout en personal de enfermería de una unidad de tercer nivel de atención a la salud. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se trata de un estudio observacional, transversal y analítico en personal de enfermería de una unidad de tercer nivel de atención a la salud. Los datos se captaron con el instrumento de factores psicosociales de Silva y el MBI. Se analizaron con el apoyo del SPSS. RESULTADOS: Participaron 163 personas de 21 servicios de la unidad de atención; 88% eran mujeres, 41,4% laboraba en el turno matutino y 47,5% perciben la presencia de factores psicosociales negativos en su área de trabajo, siendo lo más frecuente las exigencias laborales, remuneración del rendimiento y condiciones inadecuadas en su lugar de trabajo. En cuanto al Burnout, 33,3% presentaba agotamiento emocional, 50,8% baja realización personal y 17,9% despersonalización. El agotamiento emocional se relacionó (p < a 0,05) con seis de las ocho áreas de los factores psicosociales evaluados CONCLUSIÓN: Se confirmó la relación entre los factores psicosociales laborales y el síndrome de Burnout.


The OBJECTIVE was to determine the relationship between psychosocial factors and working burnout syndrome in nursing staff of a unit of tertiary health care. MATERIAL Y METHODS: It is an observational, cross-sectional analytical study in nursing staff of a unit of tertiary health care. The data were collected with the instrument of psychosocial factors Silva and MBI. It was analyzed with the support of SPSS. RESULTS: A total of 163 people from 21 services care unit; 88% were women, 41,4% worked in the morning shift and 47,5% perceive the presence of negative psychosocial factors in their work area, where work demands are the most frequent, performance reward and inadequate conditions in work place. Regarding the Burnout, 33,3% had emotional exhaustion, 50,8% reduced personal accomplishment and depersonalization 17,9%. Emotional exhaustion was associated (p <0,05) with six of the eight areas of psychosocial factors evaluated CONCLUSION: the relationship between psychosocial factors and confirmed Burnout syndrome.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Atenção Terciária à Saúde , Esgotamento Profissional/psicologia , Enfermeiras e Enfermeiros/psicologia , Satisfação Pessoal , Esgotamento Profissional/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e Questionários , Local de Trabalho , Despersonalização , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem
11.
Cienc. Trab ; 16(50): 97-102, ago. 2014. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-724766

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Analizar la relación de la Calidad de Vida en el Trabajo (CVT), con los síntomas del estrés en el personal administrativo de una universidad pública del Ecuador. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Diseño correspondiente con el paradigma cuantitativo, transversal, analítico y relacional. RESULTADOS: Del análisis descriptivo de la muestra de 447 trabajadores, 59.3% mujeres y 40.7% hombres; promedio de edad es 46 años. Tiempo promedio en el cargo es 18 años. Se aplicó cuestionarios: "CVT-GOHISALO" y "Evaluación de Síntomas de Estrés". El 76% de los trabajadores administrativos advierte la presencia de los síntomas fisiológicos de estrés en niveles medio, alto y muy alto. A su vez los síntomas de comportamiento social, intelectuales, laborales y psicoemocionales presentaron niveles bajos de estrés. No hay presencia de trastornos mentales o psicoemocionales. Más de la mitad de la población estudiada estaría en vulnerabilidad al riesgo del desequilibrio en la CVT; la tercera parte de la población estudiada obtuvo una alta satisfacción en el trabajo. CONCLUSIÓN: Este estudio fue inédito, demostró la asociación significativa entre la CVT y los síntomas de estrés. Los resultados permitieron plantear estrategias predictivas para mejorar la CVT en el contexto universitario; alineándose a las políticas de Estado, promover el "buen vivir".


OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relationship of the Quality of Life at Work (CVT) with symptoms of stress on the administrative staff of a public university in Ecuador. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Design corresponding to the quantitative, crosssectional, analytical and relational paradigm. RESULTS: Descriptive analysis of the sample of 447 workers in total, 59.3 % female and 40.7 % male; average age is 46 years old. The average time in office is 18 years. Questionnaires were applied: "CVT-GOHISALO" and "Assessment of Stress Symptoms" 76% of administrative workers, admit to the presence of the physiological symptoms of stress in the medium, high and very high levels. In turn the symptoms of social, intellectual, occupational and psycho-emotional behavior, had low levels of stress. No presence of mental or psycho-emotional disorders. More than half of the studied population would be vulnerable to the risk of imbalance in the quality of life at work. third of the study population, had a high job satisfaction. CONCLUSION: This study was unpublished and showed a significant association between CVT and symptoms of stress. The results allowed to propose strategies to improve predictive quality of life at work in the university context; aligning state policies to promote the "good life".


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Qualidade de Vida , Estresse Psicológico/diagnóstico , Pessoal Administrativo/psicologia , Local de Trabalho , Universidades , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e Questionários , Equador , Satisfação no Emprego
12.
Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica ; 30(1): 41-4, 2013 Mar.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23612810

RESUMO

In order to determine the frequency of respiratory symptoms among residents from surgical specialties dures exposed to the electrocautery smoke, a cross-sectional study was conducted in February 2012. 50 third-year residents from different surgical specialties coming from a third-level hospital belonging to the Institute of Security and Social Services of the State Workers in Jalisco, Mexico, were included. The subject selection was non-probabilistic. A questionnaire on respiratory symptoms developed in Cuba was used for data collection. The most common symptoms were sensation of a lump in the throat (58%), and a sore throat (22%). The specialty with the highest rate of exposure was neurosurgery (24.1 min/surgical procedure). All, the physicians from this specialty had respiratory symptoms. We conclude that the cauterization smoke may be considered a risk for developing respiratory symptoms among physicians with surgical specialties.


Assuntos
Eletrocoagulação/efeitos adversos , Internato e Residência , Doenças Profissionais/etiologia , Transtornos Respiratórios/etiologia , Especialidades Cirúrgicas/educação , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Hospitais , Humanos , Masculino , México
13.
Rev. peru. med. exp. salud publica ; 30(1): 41-44, ene.-mar. 2013. ilus, graf, mapas, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-671689

RESUMO

Con el objetivo de determinar la frecuencia de síntomas respiratorios entre los residentes de especialidades quirúrgicas expuestos al humo del electrocauterio, se realizó un estudio transversal durante el mes de febrero de 2012. Se incluyeron 50 médicos residentes del tercer año, de diferentes especialidades quirúrgicas, de un hospital de tercer nivel perteneciente al Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado ubicado en Jalisco, México. La selección de sujetos fue no probabilística. Para la recolección de datos, se empleó el cuestionario de síntomas respiratorios desarrollado en Cuba. Los síntomas más comunes fueron sensación de cuerpo extraño (58%) y ardor faríngeo (22%). La especialidad con mayor índice de exposición fue la de neurocirugía (24,1 min/acto quirúrgico). La totalidad de los médicos de esta especialidad tuvieron algún síntoma respiratorio. Se concluye que la inhalación del humo del cauterio puede constituir un riesgo para desarrollar síntomas respiratorios entre los médicos de especialidades quirúrgicas.


In order to determine the frequency of respiratory symptoms among residents from surgical specialties dures exposed to the electrocautery smoke, a cross-sectional study was conducted in February 2012. 50 third-year residents from different surgical specialties coming from a third-level hospital belonging to the Institute of Security and Social Services of the State Workers in Jalisco, Mexico, were included. The subject selection was non-probabilistic. A questionnaire on respiratory symptoms developed in Cuba was used for data collection. The most common symptoms were sensation of a lump in the throat (58%), and a sore throat (22%). The specialty with the highest rate of exposure was neurosurgery (24.1 min/surgical procedure). All, the physicians from this specialty had respiratory symptoms. We conclude that the cauterization smoke may be considered a risk for developing respiratory symptoms among physicians with surgical specialties.


Assuntos
Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Eletrocoagulação/efeitos adversos , Internato e Residência , Doenças Profissionais/etiologia , Transtornos Respiratórios/etiologia , Especialidades Cirúrgicas/educação , Estudos Transversais , Hospitais , México
14.
Rev cuba salud trabajo ; 13(1)ene.- abr. 2012. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-52585

RESUMO

Se reconoce en el área de la salud ocupacional que la profesión docente implica la exposición a factores psicosociales laborales que suelen afectar la salud y el bienestar de quienes la desempeñan. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la relación entre los factores psicosociales laborales y el síndrome de burnout en profesores de preparatoria de una institución pública de la zona metropolitana de Guadalajara. Se realizó un estudio observacional, transversal y analítico en una muestra de 330 maestros de escuelas preparatorias. Se captaron los datos por medio de una batería autoaplicada, conformada por datos sociodemográficos, laborales, el Maslasch Burnout Inventory (MBI) y la escala de factores psicosociales laborales. El análisis y proceso de datos fue con el paquete estadístico SPSS. El 50,4 por ciento de los docentes presentó el síndrome de burnout; el 54,2 por ciento identificó la presencia de factores psicosociales negativos; las subescalas con mayor porcentaje en nivel alto fueron las que evalúan percepción de remuneración del rendimiento (19,4 por ciento y condiciones del lugar de trabajo (11,2 por ciento). Las subescalas en las que ningún docente calificó en nivel alto fueron: contenido y características de la tarea, papel del trabajador y desarrollo de la carrera, y la de interacción social. El agotamiento emocional y la despersonalización se asociaron con los factores psicosociales identificados como negativos. La presencia de factores psicosociales laborales negativos constituye un riesgo para presentar agotamiento emocional(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Psicologia Industrial , Docentes , Riscos Ocupacionais
15.
Rev. Fac. Med. UNAM ; 54(2): 46-53, mar.-abr. 2011. ilus, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-956867

RESUMO

El síndrome serotoninérgico (SS) se caracteriza por la presencia de disfunción autonómica, deterioro neuromuscular y alteraciones en el estado mental. El diagnóstico es clínico y por laboratorio. El tratamiento es mediante medidas de apoyo a base de líquidos, hipotermia, benzodiacepinas y, cuando lo amerite, intubación y ventilación mecánica. El pilar de la intervención farmacológica es ciproheptadina, un antagonista central H1, con un antagonismo periférico 5-HT2A. El medicamento disponible sólo se puede administrar por vía oral, por lo que en enfermos críticos debe administrarse a través de sonda nasoyeyunal. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar un caso de SS y revisar la literatura al respecto.


The serotonin syndrome (SS) is characterized by a spectrum of signs characterized by autonomic dysfunction, neuromuscular impairment, and alterations in mental status. The diagnosis of the serotonin syndrome is clinical and by laboratory evaluation. Treatment is with active cooling and benzodiazepines to control agitation, and intubation, especially in patients with severe hyperthermia and delirium. The mainstay of pharmacologic intervention is cyproheptadine, a centrally acting H1-antagonist, with a prominent peripheral 5-HT2A antagonism. The drug is only available orally, and if the patient is unable to swallow, the drug should be administered nasogastrically. The objective of this paper is report a case of Serotonin Syndrome and review the literature related to this disease.

16.
Rev. Fac. Med. UNAM ; 54(1): 41-45, ene.-feb. 2011. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-956856

RESUMO

Los enfermos con hemorragia subaracnoidea (HSA) presentan con frecuencia alteraciones electrocardiográficas (ECG), las más frecuentes son alargamiento del segmento QT, ondas T negativas, elevación o inversión del segmento ST y ondas U. La inversión de las ondas T asociada a la prolongación del QT se correlaciona con alteraciones de la contractilidad ventricular y es una indicación para practicar ecocardiograma. Se reporta el caso de un paciente con HSA secundaria a ruptura de aneurisma intracraneal que presentó cambios electrocardiográficos, enfatizando en la patogénesis de éstos y el impacto que tienen en el comportamiento clínico y la evolución.


Electrocardiographic (EGC) changes have been frequently observed in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The most frequent anomalies reported are prolonged of the QT interval, negative T waves, elevation or inversion of the ST segment and U wave. T wave inversion associated to QT interval prolongation is related to alterations in ventricular contraction indicating that echocardiographic screening is required. We report the case of a patient with SAH secondary to intracranial aneurism rupture who showed electrocardiographic changes, emphasizing the pathogenesis of the latter and the impact they have in both clinical manifestations and evolution.

17.
Span J Psychol ; 12(2): 585-92, 2009 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19899659

RESUMO

The consequences of work-related stress on health are worrisome, and by the same token, so is Burnout Syndrome. However, it has been shown that social support can prevent, reduce or even combat individuals' responses to stress. A descriptive, transverse study was carried out with the objective of determining the prevalence of both Burnout Syndrome and receiving social support for traffic police in Mexico. 875 traffic police participated in the study, men and women alike, from all work shifts, day and night. Three questionnaires were administered: one to record sociodemographic and professional data, as well as the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the modified Diaz Veiga Social Resources Inventory. Our data analysis obtained frequencies and percentages and also identified associations between the study's variables. The prevalence of Burnout Syndrome was found to be 54.9% among the study's participants. The social support networks designated as "low or poor" were shown to be associated with Burnout Syndrome, with p values less than .05, an odds ratio (OR) greater than 1 and a confidence interval that did not include the number one. In spite of the strong network of social support reported by participants, it seems that those social effects were not strong enough to combat Burnout Syndrome, and some resolution strategy ought to be implemented at the individual, group and organizational levels.


Assuntos
Esgotamento Profissional/etnologia , Esgotamento Profissional/psicologia , Polícia , Apoio Social , Adulto , Idoso , Esgotamento Profissional/diagnóstico , Esgotamento Profissional/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , México , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Inventário de Personalidade , Polícia/estatística & dados numéricos , Tolerância ao Trabalho Programado , Adulto Jovem
18.
Span. j. psychol ; 12(2): 585-592, nov. 2009. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-74936

RESUMO

The consequences of work-related stress on health are worrisome, and by the same token, so is Burnout Syndrome. However, it has been shown that social support can prevent, reduce or even combat individuals’ responses to stress. A descriptive, transverse study was carried out with the objective of determining the prevalence of both Burnout Syndrome and receiving social support for traffic police in Mexico. 875 traffic police participated in the study, men and women alike, from all work shifts, day and night. Three questionnaires were administered: one to record sociodemographic and professional data, as well as the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the modified Diaz Veiga Social Resources Inventory. Our data analysis obtained frequencies and percentages and also identified associations between the study’s variables.The prevalence of Burnout Syndrome was found to be 54.9% among the study’s participants. The social support networks designated as «low or poor» were shown to be associated with Burnout Syndrome, with p values less than .05, an odds ratio (OR) greater than 1 and a confidence interval that did not include the number one. In spite of the strong network of social support reported by participants, it seems that those social effects were not strong enough to combat Burnout Syndrome, and some resolution strategy ought to be implemented at the individual, group and organizational levels (AU)


Las consecuencias en la salud derivadas del estrés laboral son preocupantes, tal como lo es el Síndrome de burnout. Se ha visto que el apoyo social, puede actuar previniendo, disminuyendo o amortiguando las respuestas que el estrés genera en el individuo. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal con el objetivo de determinar la prevalencia del Síndrome de burnout y la situación del apoyo social en los agentes de tránsito, México. Participaron 875 agentes de tránsito, hombres y mujeres de cualquier turno. Se aplicaron tres cuestionarios, uno con datos sociodemográficos y laborales, la Escala de Valoración de Maslach Burnout Inventory, y el Inventario de Recursos Sociales de Diaz Veiga modificado. En el análisis de la información se obtuvieron frecuencias, porcentajes así como las posibles asociaciones entre las variables de estudio. La prevalencia del Síndrome de burnout fue del 54.9%. Las redes sociales que se determinaron como «bajas o malas», obtuvieron asociaciones con el Síndrome de burnout, con valores de p menores a .05, un OR mayor a uno y un intervalo de confianza que no incluyó la unidad. Pese a la muy buena red de apoyo que se reportó, parece ser que éstas no fueron lo suficientemente contundentes, por lo que alguna estrategia de solución deberá ser implementada de manera individual, grupal y organizacional (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Esgotamento Profissional/etiologia , Esgotamento Profissional/psicologia , Polícia/estatística & dados numéricos , Apoio Social , Esgotamento Profissional/diagnóstico , Esgotamento Profissional/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , México/epidemiologia , Inventário de Personalidade , Tolerância ao Trabalho Programado/psicologia
19.
Rev cuba salud trabajo ; 9(2)jul. -dic.2008. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-38025

RESUMO

Introducción: El agotamiento emocional laboral es el desequilibrio entre la percepción de las capacidades de afrontamiento, recursos físicos y mentales de los trabajadores ante las exigencias de su actividad. Objetivo: Describir el grado de agotamiento emocional percibido en mujeres trabajadoras. Material y método: Se realizó un estudio comparativo donde se evaluó el agotamiento emocional laboral en 131 trabajadoras del sector de salud pública, 220 de talleres de costura y 122 operarias de la industria electrónica; participaron de manera voluntaria. Se empleó la Escala Agotamiento Emocional Laboral (AEL) de Preciado (2006), que se califica: bajo, medio, alto y muy alto. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva y análisis de varianza. Resultados: El 1 por ciento de las profesionistas refirieron tener alto nivel de agotamiento emocional laboral y el 70por ciento, nivel medio; las operarias, reportan el 2 por ciento en nivel alto y 12 por ciento en nivel muy alto; en las mujeres trabajadoras de talleres de costura, el 5 por ciento está a nivel alto y el 16 por ciento a nivel muy alto. Conclusión: El agotamiento emocional laboral se manifiesta en trabajadoras con menos preparación académica y repercute en dificultades en la relación con los compañeros, en tensión física, insatisfacción laboral y afrontamiento de evitación.Palabras clave: agotamiento emocional, mujer, trabajo, salud, estrés(AU)


Introduction: The emotional exhaustion at work is the imbalance between the perception of coping skills and the physical and mental resources of the workers towards the demands of their activities. Objective: The aim of this study is to describe the degree of emotional exhaustion perceived in the female workers in the metropolitan area of Guadalajara, Mexico, according to the academic preparation and work. Material and method: A comparative study was carried out, where the emotional exhaustion was evaluated in 131 professional women working in the public health sector, 220 of seam shops and 122 operators (women) of the electronic industry. Results: 1 percent of the women of the public health sector have high-level and 70 percent have average level; 122 operators or direct labor in the electronics industry reported 2 percent of high-level and 12percent of very high level; while 117 female workers in sewing of which 5 percent has high level and 16 percent has a very high level of emotional exhaustion. Conclusion: emotional exhaustion job is manifested it in female workers with less academic preparation and this has repercussions such as difficulties in the relationship with colleagues, physical stress, job dissatisfaction and avoidance of confrontation(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Esgotamento Profissional/etiologia , Saúde Mental , Estudos de Casos e Controles
20.
Cienc. Trab ; 10(30): 138-142, oct.-dic. 2008. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-515309

RESUMO

Objetivo: identificar las diferencias de los factores psicosociales laborales y el Síndrome de Burnout en hombres y mujeres docentes de secundaria de la Zona Metropolitana de Guadalajara, Jalisco, México. Material y métodos: el estudio es observacional transversal yanalítico en una muestra de probabilística de 186 mujeres y 171hombres. Se utilizó la escala de Maslach Burnout Inventory y la Batería de Factores Psicosociales en el Trabajo Académico. Resultados: 84,1% de mujeres y 77,2% de hombres presentaron alguna dimensión de la escala de Maslasch “quemada”. Ambosidentificaron la presencia de factores psicosociales laborales, encontrando relación (p < 0,05) con el Síndrome de Burnout en los hombres con las condiciones de trabajo, el contenido y características de la tarea y la interacción social y en las mujeres con exigencias laborales. Conclusión: hombres y mujeres perciben por igual la presencia de factores psicosociales laborales, existiendo diferencias por género entre estos y el Síndrome de Burnout.


Objective: To identify the sex differences in labor psycho-social factorsand the Burnout Syndrome prevalence in middle school teachers, from Guadalajara Metropolitan Zone. Material and methods: This is an cross-sectional and analytical study with a probabilistic sample of 186 women 171 men. The scale of Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and the Psycho-social Factors for Academic Work Inventory were used.Results: 84.1% of women and 77.2% of men presented some altered dimension on the MBI scale. Both groups identified the presence of negative labor psycho-social factors. In men was found a relationship (p <.05) among the burnout syndrome and the work conditions, workcontent, task characteristics and social interaction and in the women withlabor exigencies. Conclusion: Men and women perceive presence of negative labor psycho-social factors, but there are differences between them and theBurnout syndrome occurrence.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Esgotamento Profissional , Docentes , Psicologia , Impacto Psicossocial , México , Fatores Sexuais
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